Table 1. Classification of Dermal Fillers
|
Source |
Example(s) |
|
Autologous |
Fat |
|
Biological |
Collagen (Zyderm® I, Zyderm® II, Zyplast®, CosmoDerm® 1, CosmoDerm® 2, CosmoPlast®, Evolence®), HA (Juvéderm® Ultra, Juvéderm® Ultra Plus, Restylane®, Perlane®) |
|
Synthetic |
Hydroxylapatite (Radiesse®), silicone oil (Silikon® 1000), polymethylmethacrylate microspheres (ArteFill®/ArteSense®), polyacrylamide hydrogel (Bio-Alcamid®), hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate (DermaLive®/DermaDeep®), poly-L-lactic acid (Sculptra®/New-Fill®) |
|
Duration of cosmetic benefit |
Example(s) |
|
Temporary short duration |
Saline |
|
Short duration |
Bovine collagen |
|
Reversible medium to long duration |
HA |
|
Nonreversible long duration |
Hydroxylapatite, polyacrylamide hydrogel, porcine collagen |
|
Nonreversible very long duration |
Silicone oil, polymethylmethacrylate microspheres, hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate, poly-L-lactic acid |
|
Nonreversible variable duration |
Fat |
|
Risk profile |
Example(s) |
|
Low |
Saline, HA |
|
Medium |
Collagen, hydroxylapatite, polymethylmethacrylate microspheres, poly-L-lactic acid, fat |
|
Higher |
Silicone, polyacrylamide hydrogel, hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate |
|
Level of physician skill, training, experience, and judgment |
Example(s) |
|
Low |
Saline |
|
Medium |
HA, collagen |
|
High |
Hydroxylapatite, polymethylmethacrylate microspheres, poly-L-lactic acid, fat, silicone, polyacrylamide hydrogel, hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate |