Case

Age

(years)

Sex

Age at

onset

(years)

Skin

type

Clinical data

Predominant location of lesions

Previous treatment

Results of treatment with chondroitin sulfate

1

45

F

23

III

Large erythematous, scaly plaques Some plaques highly hyperkeratotic Inverted psoriasis

Elbows, knees, upper and lower extremities, thorax, abdomen neck, submammary folds

PUVA, topical treatments without medical control

Marked skin comfort, less  desquamation and hyperkeratosis

2

67

M

29

III

Large erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques

Articular surfaces, thorax, abdomen

Methotrexate, cyclosporine, isotretinoine, PUVA, topical steroids, coal tar, and other

Almost complete disappearance of hyperkeratosis, clearance of plaques

3

57

F

35

II

Hyperkeratotic, pruriginous, erythematosum and scaly plaques with fissures

Palms and soles, elbows, knees, abdomen

Topical salicylic petrolatum, coal tar, oral antihistamines

Less hyperkeratosis, disappearance of fissures in the soles

4

49

F

23

III

Small erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques

Articular surfaces, scalp and isolated plaques in thorax and abdomen

Topical calcipotriene

Disappearance of hyperkeratosis, decrease in the degree of inflammation

5

55

M

16

III

Small erythematous, scaly plaques Some plaques highyly hyperkeratotic

Upper and lower extremities, thorax

Oral retinoids, multiple topical treatments

Less desquamation, plaques were much flatter, decrease in the degre of inflammation

6

62

F

38

II

Hyperkeratotic, pruriginous, erythematous, scaly plaques, with fissures

Extension surfaces of upper and lower extremities, feet

Topical salicylic petrolatum, coal tar, oral antihistamines

Less hyperkeratosis, dissapearance of fissures in some plaques

7

46

M

30

III

Large erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques

Articular sufaces

Methotrexate, cyclosporine, isotretinoine, PUVA, multiple toppical treatments

No improvement

8

39

M

23

III

Small erythematous, scaly plaques

Some plaques highly hyperkeratotic

Upper and lower extremities, abdomen

PUVA, multiple topical treatments without medical control

Marked skin comfort, decrease in the degree of inflammation

9

52

F

28

II

Erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques, very pruriginous

Extension surfaces of upper and lower extremities, scalp

Topical salicylic petrolatum, coal tar, oral antihistamines

Less hyperkeratosis, disappearance of desquamation in most lesions

10

49

M

18

III

Small erythematous, scaly plaques

Some plaques highly hyperkeratotic

Upper and lower extremities, elbow, knees

Methotrexate, multiple topical treatments

Less hyperkeratosis, plaques were much flatter

11

51

M

23

IV

Large erythematous, scaly, hyperkeratotic plaques

Articular surfaces, scalp, nails

Topical calcipotriene and steroids

Less desquamation

Parameter

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

Case 4

Case 5

Case 6

Case 7

Case 8

Case 9

Case 10

Case 11

Epidermal thickness, mm

Before treatment

440

480

396

300

300

496

324

316

440

496

372

After treatment

200

220

156

192

164

440

320

352

268

400

356

Difference

-55%

-54%

-61%

-36%

-45%

-11%

-1%

+11%

-39%

-19%

-4%

Stratum basale to stratum granulosum thickness, mm

Before treatment

440

360

340

264

260

392

196

200

340

336

332

After treatment

144

180

104

152

128

344

200

216

204

300

288

Difference

-64%

-50%

-69%

-42%

-51%

-12%

+2%

+8%

-40%

-11%

-13%

Stratum corneum thickness, mm

Before treatment

60

156

64

32

100

100

68

124

140

160

82

After treatment

52

60

40

28

40

84

132

108

70

160

84

Difference

-13%

-62%

-38%

-13%

-60%

-16%

+94%

-13%

-50%

0%

+2%

Keratinocyte index (Ki-67 stained keratinocytes)

Before treatment

36

30

23

29

17

33

37

38

45

33

35

After treatment

11

24

6

21

--

26

20

35

36

32

40

Difference

-69%

-20%

-74%

-28%

--

-21%

-46%

-8%

-20%

-3%

+14%

Degree of psoriasis activity

Before treatment

2

2

2

1

2

3

1

2

2

2

0.5

After treatment

0

0.5

0

1

1

2

1

2

1

1.5

0

Difference

-2

-1.5

-2

0

-1

-1

0

0

-1

-0.5

-0,5

Ortokeratotic (OK) or parakeratotic (PK) keratinization

Before treatment

PK

PK

PK

PK

PK

PK

OK

PK

PK

PK

OK

After treatment

OK

OK

OK

OK

PK

PK

OK

PK

OK

OK

OK

Difference

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

No