2026-05-13T17:55:35Zhttps://escholarship.org/oaioai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt66j2303g2025-04-25T11:16:55Zqt66j2303gReimagining Care Work: Worker Centers in Transforming the Rights and Conditions of Domestic Care Workers in Germany and the United StatesFesli, Gülten Gizem2025-01-01Worker Centers play a pivotal role in advocating for the rights and conditions of domestic care workers in both Germany and the United States. The thesis of this article contends that Worker Centers, along with care workers themselves, hold transformative potential in reshaping the conditions and rights of domestic care workers in both Germany and the United States. This article analyzes and discusses the work of Germany and U.S.-American Worker Centers with domestic care workers from Eastern European countries such as Poland and Romania in Germany to effect change in working and living conditions of domestic care workers in home care arrangements.Labor AdvocacyWorker CentersSocial WelfareTransnational LaborMigrant Caregiver Rightsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/66j2303ghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt66j2303g/qt66j2303g.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1wq1r3mr2023-05-11T11:44:57Zqt1wq1r3mr“You shouldn’t have to get that approved”: Journalists as research participants and feminist research methods interventionsUniversity of Toronto, Nelanthi Hewa2023-01-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wq1r3mrhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1wq1r3mr/qt1wq1r3mr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt69v2d4982023-05-11T11:41:15Zqt69v2d498Interweaving Arab Queerness in Migratory Contexts: A Methodology of BricolageBouqentar, Lamiae2023-01-01This research paper foregrounds a bricolage methodology based on autoethnographicwriting and analog collage technique to interweave Arab queerness in migratory contexts. By proceeding as such, the paper seeks to open a space for new modalities of crafting of knowledge; notably by bridging creative visual methodologies with critical theories. It also sketches problemspaces(Grossberg, 2010) of Arab queerness by discussing the different nodal points that shape it.Arab queernessmigrationbricolage methodologyencountersfragmentsautoethnographyanalog collage techniquesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/69v2d498https://escholarship.org/content/qt69v2d498/qt69v2d498.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt320816242023-04-14T15:38:05Zqt32081624“Becoming a Woman”: Interpretations of Sex and Gender in Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second SexNorvell, Olivia2023-01-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/32081624https://escholarship.org/content/qt32081624/qt32081624.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9pr1m2jp2023-04-14T15:37:53Zqt9pr1m2jp“You shouldn’t have to get that approved”: Journalists as research participants and feminist research methods interventionsHewa, Nelanthi2023-01-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pr1m2jphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9pr1m2jp/qt9pr1m2jp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9fk9k3td2023-04-14T15:37:31Zqt9fk9k3tdFieldworking While Black: On the Plantocratic Nature of AnthropologySimmons, Brianna2023-01-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fk9k3tdhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9fk9k3td/qt9fk9k3td.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt94b6n43t2020-10-28T14:48:33Zqt94b6n43tAssessing the Climate for Sexual Violence Prevention at the University of California, Los AngelesSade, AaliyahMitra, AtreyiSumstine, StephanieAmabile, ClaireSwendeman, DallasWagman, Jennifer2020-04-01sexual violence preventioncollege campusescampus climateUC Speaks Upapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/94b6n43thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt94b6n43t/qt94b6n43t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8kp5p2wp2020-05-13T09:10:05Zqt8kp5p2wpBodies of Silence as Bodies of Evidence: Unpacking Intersectional Failure in South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)Esparza, Juan J.2020-04-01South AfricarapeTRCintersectionalitywomenapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kp5p2wphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8kp5p2wp/qt8kp5p2wp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8db4r6vj2020-05-11T10:15:12Zqt8db4r6vjInfrastructure Gender Based Violence and Yaqui RefusalGomez Quintana, Thalia2020-04-01infrastructural violenceYaquiYaqui Rivergender-based violenceresistanceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8db4r6vjhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8db4r6vj/qt8db4r6vj.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt73x0m1x62020-05-11T10:15:00Zqt73x0m1x6Carceral Care: Institutional Treatment of Injury in Relationship ViolenceMoore, Shannon2020-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/73x0m1x6https://escholarship.org/content/qt73x0m1x6/qt73x0m1x6.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5fq1d6km2020-05-11T10:14:46Zqt5fq1d6kmHow Gender Expression Influences the Violence Faced by Lesbian WomenIrissarri, Shawna2020-04-01gender expressiongender rolesheterosexual menlesbianssexual orientationsexualizationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq1d6kmhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5fq1d6km/qt5fq1d6km.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0h08f07n2020-05-11T10:12:30Zqt0h08f07nArab-Muslim Women’s Responses to Sexualized and Racialized Violence in France: Ni Putes Ni Soumises and the Mouvement des Indigènes de la RépubliqueMatrassi, Kaity2020-04-01postcolonial feminismintersectionalstate cooptationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h08f07nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0h08f07n/qt0h08f07n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt173191wn2020-05-08T16:49:50Zqt173191wnEpistemology of The Moment of TruthAustin, James L2020-04-01reality televisionneoliberalismcarceralityabolitionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/173191wnhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt173191wn/qt173191wn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1nb0d1rn2019-05-14T09:57:02Zqt1nb0d1rn[De]Criminalization: Social Control, Agency, and Intersectionality in Auckland's Sex IndustryTichenor, Erin G.2019-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1nb0d1rnhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1nb0d1rn/qt1nb0d1rn.pdfarticleThinking Gender Papers, vol 2019oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1714h1pv2019-05-10T11:35:03Zqt1714h1pvInstitutionally Complicit: Challenging Leadership Orthodoxies in Lorraine Hansberry’s Les Blancs Salas, Michael Reyes2019-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1714h1pvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1714h1pv/qt1714h1pv.pdfarticleThinking Gender Papers, vol 2019oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5229c4ds2019-05-10T11:26:59Zqt5229c4dsWhy Black and Brown Birds Can't Fly: The Impacts of the Trauma to Prison Pipeline on Queer and Transgender People of ColorSaif, Samar2019-01-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5229c4dshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5229c4ds/qt5229c4ds.pdfarticleThinking Gender Papers, vol 2019oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9c4971v82018-05-29T09:58:17Zqt9c4971v8“Where are all the women?”: Impaired Social Functioning Outcomes as Potential Case Detection Barriers for Women with Schizophrenia in Rural EthiopiaRestivo, JulianaBaul, TithiGhebrehiwet, SenaitHailemariam, MajiGirma, EshetuBorba, Christina2018-01-01schizophreniawomenethiopiaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c4971v8https://escholarship.org/content/qt9c4971v8/qt9c4971v8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2bm8t2rz2018-05-07T13:42:12Zqt2bm8t2rzInvolvement of Women and Mothers in the Modern Anti-Vaccination Movement of the United StatesMuder, Sarah J2018-01-01gendermothersvaccinationfeminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bm8t2rzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2bm8t2rz/qt2bm8t2rz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt62f7s23q2018-05-07T13:41:32Zqt62f7s23qImplications of Lactation Room Accessibility on Mothers’ Breastfeeding at UCLAHunter, CristinaBell, EmilyBenitez, TristaWalovich, CareyUysal, Jasmine2018-01-01lactationmotherseducationuclaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/62f7s23qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt62f7s23q/qt62f7s23q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5tx5g8b22018-05-07T13:31:31Zqt5tx5g8b2Blepharoplasty as Domestication of the Asian: Constructing Korean Identities by White HandsKim, Angela2018-01-01blepharoplastykoreagenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tx5g8b2https://escholarship.org/content/qt5tx5g8b2/qt5tx5g8b2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4hf5q03k2018-05-07T13:31:23Zqt4hf5q03k(Re)thinking Gender in SRHR Education: A Kenyan ExampleCone, Lucas LOturai, Olivia2018-01-01gender, education, keynaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hf5q03khttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4hf5q03k/qt4hf5q03k.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3fs858hf2018-05-07T13:28:59Zqt3fs858hfThe Future is Hypernormative: an analysis of bodymind representations in 23andMe’s commercialsSchlauderaff, Sav2018-01-01normativitygenomedisabilityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fs858hfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3fs858hf/qt3fs858hf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt30h7m4232017-10-30T09:36:08Zqt30h7m423Searching for Stephanie: Negotiating Female Subjectivity in Justin Lin’s Masculinist Feature Film Better Luck TomorrowLu, Derek V2016-04-01Asian Americanneoliberalhypermasculinityfemale subjectivityobjecthoodJusin LinBetter Luck Tomorrowindependent cinemaM. Butterflyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/30h7m423https://escholarship.org/content/qt30h7m423/qt30h7m423.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt24q3c6962017-10-30T09:21:20Zqt24q3c696Genocide, Slavery, and Violence: Imagining Reparations in the Francophone Indian Ocean, 1715-1835Khamo, Nanar2017-02-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/24q3c696https://escholarship.org/content/qt24q3c696/qt24q3c696.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt75w879842017-05-23T10:40:25Zqt75w87984Women of Bronze: Memorialization as an alternative reparation for comfort women survivorsKim, Kelsey2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/75w87984https://escholarship.org/content/qt75w87984/qt75w87984.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt70x330gg2017-05-23T10:40:12Zqt70x330ggTill All Comes Back HomeJung, Sungmin2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/70x330gghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt70x330gg/qt70x330gg.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2204f4dt2017-05-23T10:40:02Zqt2204f4dt"Redifining Victimhood: Vicissitudes of Empowerment" Domestic Violence in South Asian Immigrant CommunitiesDey, Ipsita2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2204f4dthttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2204f4dt/qt2204f4dt.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt20v028qh2017-05-23T10:39:51Zqt20v028qhTracing a Settler-Colonial Grammar of Place in Detention, Captivity, and Confinement Mauricio, Diana (dee) Waleska2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/20v028qhhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt20v028qh/qt20v028qh.pdfarticleThinking Gender 2017, iss 2017oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt06r4s1402017-05-23T10:37:49Zqt06r4s140Perspectives on Internalized Homophobia: Qualitative Research on Chinese LGBTQ Students in the U.S. and China and Their Romantic RelationshipsLi, Haoran2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/06r4s140https://escholarship.org/content/qt06r4s140/qt06r4s140.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt05v6t5762017-05-23T10:37:38Zqt05v6t576The United States' Engagement with International Law: An Analysis of the Economic Complexities that Crystallized the Nation's Stance on Racial and Gender RightsLee Womack, Malia2017-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/05v6t576https://escholarship.org/content/qt05v6t576/qt05v6t576.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt38r9r0942017-04-25T11:29:52Zqt38r9r094Gender Stereotypes and Education: A Multi-Country Content Analysis Study of Secondary School TextbooksIslam, Kazi Md MkitulAsadullah, M Niaz2016-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/38r9r094https://escholarship.org/content/qt38r9r094/qt38r9r094.pdfarticleThinking Gender Papers, vol 2016oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt67v4830j2017-04-25T11:24:36Zqt67v4830jGender Violence, Neoliberal Institutions, and Digital Activism in IndiaCarlan, Hannah2016-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/67v4830jhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt67v4830j/qt67v4830j.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt37m1c1b02016-08-01T14:56:36Zqt37m1c1b0The Politics of Space in Experiments in a Jazz Aesthetic: How the Austin Project Reattaches the Connection among Activism, Academia, and Community”Horton, Dana2012-04-01This paper reviews Experiments in a Jazz Aesthetic: Art, Activism, Academia, and the Austin Project, a book edited by Dr. Omi Osun Joni L. Jones, Dr. Lisa L. Moore, and Sharon Bridgforth. The book discusses the connection among race, gender, academia, and community and how the Austin Project provides a safe space for women of color and their allies to create work within a jazz aesthetic in order to invoke social change. My paper discusses the disconnect between academia and community and how, for women of color, upward socioeconomic mobility often means severing themselves from their community. My paper analyzes what shape women of color’s activism takes and how the founders of The Austin Project effectively use spirituality to summon social change. It argues that in providing a safe, feminist space for women of color to air their emotions, grievances, and honest thoughts, The Austin Project is doing important, groundbreaking work, work that should eventually become the norm in academia if academia wants to take a more communal activist approach to education. The paper also discusses the effectiveness and politics behind “safe spaces” for women of color and argues that these spaces are a necessary part of activism.activismfeminismcommunityspiritualityacademiamulti-ethnic literaturesafe spaceslocationtexaspoliticsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/37m1c1b0https://escholarship.org/content/qt37m1c1b0/qt37m1c1b0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1vm995c52015-10-12T14:34:17Zqt1vm995c5Abandonment to Virtuosity: The Growth of the Foundling System and Conservatories in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century VeniceTonelli, Vanessa, Michigan State University2012-04-19In 1743, Jean-Jacques Rousseau visited a hospice in Venice, called the Ospedale dei Mendicanti, to hear its all-girl choir perform a concert. He described the girls’ performance as “far superior to the Opera […] which has not its like in all Italy nor anywhere else perhaps.” What he heard was an anomaly, distinctive to seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Italy, because, except for the occasional opera star, European society ordinarily looked down upon women performing music publicly. Nevertheless, the Mendicantiand other Venetian orphanages – henceforthospedali– grew into grand music conservatories for displaced girls. Visitors from around the continent came to theospedalito hear their performances. Like Rousseau, many scholars have also recognized the high-quality music of theospedali, but they emphasize the male composers and teachers such as Antonio Vivaldi, who taught violin at the Ospedale della Pietà in the eighteenth century. Research on theospedalistudents is lacking. We have yet to establish how these talented girls were able to subvert social norms to become soloists, music teachers, and virtuosi.I intend to address this deficiency. I will first discuss the prevalence of abandonment, the system that grew around it, and the social expectations for women in regards to music. I will then offer a few reasons why it became acceptable for these girls to perform music publicly.musicartorphanItalyVenicereligiongreedhospicecharityperformanceapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vm995c5https://escholarship.org/content/qt1vm995c5/qt1vm995c5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8tm1n7nr2015-08-05T07:26:01Zqt8tm1n7nrFemale Resistance in 'The Legend of Sigh'AbdulRazak, Sarah2015-04-01This poster analyzes female resistance in the film "the Legend og Sigh" (Tahmineh Milani, 1991).femalefeminismnationalresistancemythcultureiranapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8tm1n7nrhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8tm1n7nr/qt8tm1n7nr.pdfarticleThinking Gender, iss 2015oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9494s2682015-08-05T07:19:25Zqt9494s268Honoring Transgender Women’s Narratives: a Postmodern Feminist Approach for Assessment and Engagement in HIV ServicesKlemmer, Cary2015-04-01: Transgender women are likely to engage in high rates of HIV risk taking behaviors such as sharing injection drug using equipment and having sex without condoms (Nemoto, Sausa, Operario, & Keatley, 2006). Because of these factors, transwomen have high rates of HIV-positivist serostatus. Furthermore, transgender woman have low levels of participation in HIV prevention, care, and treatment services which has been attributed to a lack of cultural competency within existing services (Senreich, 2011). Although transgender women have very different needs and lived experiences, they are often grouped together with lesbians, gays and bisexuals for purposes of research , and very few studies presented in top social work journals have focused specifically on the transgender experience (Scherrer & Woodford, 2013). Without improving both engagement strategies of HIV prevention providers as well as research methodology used to promote transwomen’s health, there is likely to be neither a change in their high HIV prevalence rate nor improvement in their health outcomes. For these reasons social workers must advance their skills in engaging transgender women in HIV prevention and in conducting productive research on this under-represented group. Transwomen’s lived experiences can be understood and honored through a postmodern feminist theoretical approach that is strengths based (Burdge, 2007, 2014; McPhail, 2004; Nagoshi & Brzuzy, 2010). This poster includes the presentation of a model created from the writings of poststructural feminist social workers Wendt and Boylan (2008) and Transgender theory advocates Nagoshi and Brzuzy (2010) and is the main highlight of the poster. Our model describes the engagement process for securing transwomen in therapeutically effective partnerships. Specifically, our model encourages social workers to use reflection and acknowledgment of both the embodied essentialist markers of identity as well as the local subjectivities of transgender women in their work. The poster also presents two case studies of transwomen who view their identity with pride, even though the struggle to present with that identity has been intricately tied with very difficult lived experiences. For these individuals, and for the author who engaged them, coming to learn this information was only possible through the feminist approach described in the model.Transponder womenHIVHIV preventiontranswomenfeminismapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9494s268https://escholarship.org/content/qt9494s268/qt9494s268.pdfarticleThinking Gender, iss 2015oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt52k0h8x72015-08-05T07:10:21Zqt52k0h8x7Edith Wharton’s Novel as Historiographic Metafiction: Revealing the Postmodern Construction of Ellen Olenska in The Age of InnocenceMenon, Meghan2015-04-01Edith Wharton’s Pulitzer Prize winning novel, The Age of Innocence (1920), has long been regarded as a pre-feminist and realist ‘novel of manners’ by academics. The immutable temporal and historical localization of postmodernism and feminism has excluded Wharton from the canon of postmodern feminism. This study attempts to modernize prevalent literary conventions by reclaiming Wharton as a postmodern and feminist author. It examines the manner in which Wharton constructs and represents cultures of femininity (specifically, that of Ellen Olenska) within regimes of discourse in the text. To this end, it draws upon postmodern scholarship: Jean Baudrillard’s theory of simulation and hyperreality, and Gilles Lipovetsky’s writings on aesthetics as a representational avenue for self-expression. In addition, the study references Katherine Joslin’s thesis on women’s dress in Wharton’s novels to present a textual interpretation of fashion materiality employed in the production of Ellen’s gendered and styled body and identity. In doing so, the analysis establishes Wharton’s text as a work of historiographic metafiction – a term coined by Linda Hutcheon to denote the postmodern genre of reflexive (i.e. self-regarding but not necessarily self-conscious) fiction concerned with the writing of history.fashionfeminismfemale bodyVictorian literaturespectaclepostmodernismEdith WhartonGilded Agefin de sièclerealismapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/52k0h8x7https://escholarship.org/content/qt52k0h8x7/qt52k0h8x7.pdfarticleThinking Gender, iss 2015oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt47t3p7qv2015-04-14T11:22:57Zqt47t3p7qvDuplicitous Double Binds: The Search for Womanhood in Zimbabwe.Chigonda-Banda, Roselyn2015-04-14My analysis seeks to elaborate on how religion, which came with colonialism, has been institutionalized, making the emancipation of women seem to focus on incremental gains within the existing framework of gender relations. In other words the talk-shop of women’s emancipation in the country is only a way to ease burdens within existing frames of gender relations rather than truly challenging the sexual division of labor on which this framework rests (Seidman, 1984, Bourdillon, 1972). Take for instance the education and income generating programs which are important for improving women’s economic positions. The approaches may alter the lives of women, but neither approach has changed the existing inequalities. Within the auspices of Christianity polygamy still exists, and cases of widows left penniless by their husbands’ families who under customary law inherit all property are still very rampant.ZimbabweMurewaemancipationRuwadzano RweWadzimaiunhu/ubunthutransmorphedthird spacecustomscultureChristianityapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/47t3p7qvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt47t3p7qv/qt47t3p7qv.pdfarticleThinking Gender 2014, vol March, iss 2014oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt01q290wj2015-01-27T07:59:47Zqt01q290wjGendered Public Spaces: Examining Cities Within the Nature-Culture DichotomyFlores, Nina M2014-03-15Examining the evolution of essentialist claims about women and anti-essentialist responses reveals how feminist theory can off er scholars new perspectives. In this paper I extend Sherry Ortner’s universalist analysis of women’s subordination by applying her nature-culture dichotomy to urban planning and taking a fresh look at public space. First, I off er a brief review of her argument in Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?, and her conceptualization of nature versus culture. Second, I use examples from public space to illustrate applications of the nature-culture dichotomy, demonstrating both the physical dominance of culture over nature in public space, and the eff ect on women’s subordination in cities. Next, I discuss Ortner’s concept of intermediacy, and walk through a series of examples demonstrating middle, mediating, and ambiguous intermediacy. Finally, I call for using feminist theory to take urban planning, as a field and a practice, beyond the nature-culture dichotomy.public spacecitiesurban planningbuilt environmentmonuments genderwomenfeminist theoryfeminist planningand nature-culture dichotomapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/01q290wjhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt01q290wj/qt01q290wj.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9j10c5r12014-05-21T16:21:29Zqt9j10c5r1Grounds of Identity: The Performance of Gender and Race in Adrian Piper's Mythic Being PostersDriscoll, Megan2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9j10c5r1https://escholarship.org/content/qt9j10c5r1/qt9j10c5r1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt36s499292014-05-21T15:52:11Zqt36s49929The Ambivalence of Pleasure in the Saadat Hasan Manto’s “Whore/Horror” StoriesReeck, Matt2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/36s49929https://escholarship.org/content/qt36s49929/qt36s49929.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt42c9g7xf2014-05-20T13:13:06Zqt42c9g7xfWho is Josie Packard? Joan Chen,Lucy Liu, and the uncommon sense of pleasureZuo, Mila2014-04-01Asian AmericanChinese-nessTwin PeaksJoan ChenLucy Liupleasurejouissancestar studiesexotic beautycommon senseapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/42c9g7xfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt42c9g7xf/qt42c9g7xf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt94s9d4tv2014-05-20T13:10:58Zqt94s9d4tvPictures, posters, and poses: Female artists and resistanceZimmerman, Rachel2014-04-01queerbodyphenomenologydisorientationDel LaGrace VolcanogendersexualitytemporalityHalberstamFoucault.application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/94s9d4tvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt94s9d4tv/qt94s9d4tv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt08h1f50p2014-05-20T13:05:29Zqt08h1f50pThe Potency of Impotence: Political and Social Negotiation in Rochester’s “The Imperfect Enjoyment”Wynhoff, Casey2014-04-01The Imperfect Enjoymentsocial hierarchiesEighteenth CenturyRestorationRochesterImpotencyOvidmasculinitygenderAmoresapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/08h1f50phttps://escholarship.org/content/qt08h1f50p/qt08h1f50p.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt39w9p1cf2014-05-20T12:58:47Zqt39w9p1cfRituals of Jouissance in Annie Ernaux’s L’Usage de la PhotoVan Arsdall, Lauren2014-04-01Annie Ernauxjouissancebreast cancerautopathographyphotographycontemporary French literatureritualPierre BourdieuRoland Barthesautobiographyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/39w9p1cfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt39w9p1cf/qt39w9p1cf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt60g6c2z22014-05-20T12:56:26Zqt60g6c2z2His, Hers, or Theirs: The Archaeology of Gendered Space in Hawaiian HousesVacca, Kirsten2014-04-01ArchaeologyHawaiiGenderHouseholdEmbodimentFeminist TheoryIdentitiesArchitectureHousesPre-Contactkapapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/60g6c2z2https://escholarship.org/content/qt60g6c2z2/qt60g6c2z2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8nk5x4ph2014-05-20T12:54:29Zqt8nk5x4phPleasure and the New DomesticityThompson, P. E. P.2014-04-01genderfoodhomesteadinggardeningcookingpleasuredomesticitapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nk5x4phhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8nk5x4ph/qt8nk5x4ph.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt834925d02014-05-20T12:47:11Zqt834925d0AN(OTHER) MARISA MERZ: AN ALTERNATIVE INTERPRETATION TO THE ‘FEMINIZED’ ARTWORKS OF ARTE POVERA ARTIST MARISA MERZMoscoso, Mariana2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/834925d0https://escholarship.org/content/qt834925d0/qt834925d0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7rv4v26h2014-05-13T13:45:19Zqt7rv4v26h‘Divulging the Eat Deets’: Postfeminist Self-Surveillance on Women’s Fitness BlogsStover, Cassandra2014-04-01postfeminismbody imagefeminist criticismgender studieswomen's studiesidentitypopular culturefood studiessocietymedia studiesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rv4v26hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7rv4v26h/qt7rv4v26h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7rk9n2ps2014-05-13T13:39:35Zqt7rk9n2ps“Against fascism, legs to shoulders!”: Choreographic Contestations and LGBT Spatial Tactics in Istanbul's 2013 Gezi Park DemonstrationsStoeckeler, Kristen2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rk9n2pshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7rk9n2ps/qt7rk9n2ps.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4jx5g38b2014-05-13T13:36:25Zqt4jx5g38bSubjects of Privacy: Law, Sexuality and Violence in IndiaSingh, Pawan2014-04-01privacybodyviolencestatepublicprivategendersexualityIndiaLawapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jx5g38bhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4jx5g38b/qt4jx5g38b.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7m2766b92014-05-13T13:28:43Zqt7m2766b9Cinephilia as Post-Traumatic Compulsion?: Erotic Thriller Obsession in Odette Springer and Johanna Demetrakas’ Some Nudity RequiredSher, Ben R2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7m2766b9https://escholarship.org/content/qt7m2766b9/qt7m2766b9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6vr211w82014-05-13T13:22:23Zqt6vr211w8“Dethroning the Madonna: Greta Knutson, Julia Kristeva and the Search for a Post-Virginal Discourse on Jouissance”Politano, Cristina2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6vr211w8https://escholarship.org/content/qt6vr211w8/qt6vr211w8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8v0583j72014-05-13T13:19:10Zqt8v0583j7Edgar Allan Poe versus Espido Freire: When a voice is given to a voiceless womanPérez Arranz, Christina2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8v0583j7https://escholarship.org/content/qt8v0583j7/qt8v0583j7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt38x7122z2014-05-13T13:10:22Zqt38x7122zShadow of Motherhood: Writing the Outlier SelfNandy, Amrita2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/38x7122zhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt38x7122z/qt38x7122z.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3ms3t9s32014-05-13T13:04:13Zqt3ms3t9s3Dainty Distractions: the Japan Pavilion at the Golden Gate International ExpositionMesser, Krystal2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3ms3t9s3https://escholarship.org/content/qt3ms3t9s3/qt3ms3t9s3.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8hm7w0xq2014-05-13T13:02:17Zqt8hm7w0xq#surrogacy: Examining transnational surrogacy as a colonial network in India and on TwitterMcColl, Stephanie2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hm7w0xqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8hm7w0xq/qt8hm7w0xq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7c7114jz2014-05-13T13:00:15Zqt7c7114jz“I am not a feminist!!!” Feminism and its Natural Allies, Mexican Feminism in the 70s/80sMariscal, Sonia2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c7114jzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7c7114jz/qt7c7114jz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt82m1b4162014-05-13T12:56:09Zqt82m1b416(RE-)IMAGINING HOME AND DOMESTICITY—CULTURAL BORDERS AS ARTICULATED IN 1990S HONG KONG DOMESTIC SERVICE HANDBOOKSLee, Sarah SY2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/82m1b416https://escholarship.org/content/qt82m1b416/qt82m1b416.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt75k1v97h2014-05-13T12:53:55Zqt75k1v97hThe Site of Insult: Spinal Cord Injury, “Push Girls” and the Ground Zero of Female PleasureKane, Krista2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/75k1v97hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt75k1v97h/qt75k1v97h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2vc4k00m2014-05-13T12:50:56Zqt2vc4k00mThe Politics of Space and the Creation of the Third: A Study of the Women’s Parliamentary Caucus in PakistanKalhoro, Sanam A2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vc4k00mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2vc4k00m/qt2vc4k00m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9c90f0t42014-05-13T12:47:33Zqt9c90f0t4Flirty Fishing – Gender Ethics and the Jesus RevolutionJohnson, Julianne2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c90f0t4https://escholarship.org/content/qt9c90f0t4/qt9c90f0t4.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8187119z2014-05-13T12:43:12Zqt8187119zRebellious Reproductions: Literary Anxieties Over Gender and Power in Adult-Child RelationshipsHaffey, Hailey2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8187119zhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8187119z/qt8187119z.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7pn4m5sb2014-05-13T12:38:24Zqt7pn4m5sbRe-articulation of Gender Binary in Dancing Bodies: Embodiments of Korean Mask Dance Drama T’alch’um from the 1960s to the 1980sHa, Sangwoo2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7pn4m5sbhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7pn4m5sb/qt7pn4m5sb.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt11p0p6m92014-05-13T12:33:35Zqt11p0p6m9In the Eye of the Beholder: Asian American YouTube Beauty BloggersChang, Stephanie2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/11p0p6m9https://escholarship.org/content/qt11p0p6m9/qt11p0p6m9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3m14454m2014-05-13T12:25:35Zqt3m14454mWomen Against Women’s Rights: Anti-Feminism, Reproductive Politics, and the Battle for the ERACalahane, Kacey2014-04-01application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m14454mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3m14454m/qt3m14454m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6mq189pz2013-09-16T10:37:18Zqt6mq189pzQue te Vaya Bonito: Breath and Sentimiento According to Chavela VargasAlvarado, Lorena2010-04-01Listening to the voice and breath of Chavela reveals the power structures that exist as and within sentimiento, the affirmation of a public that notes in the vocal production of the other their own disgrace or good fortune. Understanding its historical trajectory as a highly contested ground for representation, not as a single representative of a national “Mexican” feeling. This is not to say Vargas rescues a voice of the past; instead, she forces one to listen and indulge in her pain, which resonates through her body messily, a cry to awaken the timbre corporeal, Musicologist Nina Eidsheim’s concept of the voice we hear as , to that sentimiento, that is only possible to perceive through the voice’s body, and cannot be attributed to merely “passionate” or “pastoral” lyrics, as it has been.Chavela VargasMexicoperformancemusicapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mq189pzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6mq189pz/qt6mq189pz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0r74r07q2013-05-09T12:56:30Zqt0r74r07qThe US Policy on Women, Peace and Security: Feminist Empowerment or Masculinist Protection?Trojanowska, Barbara2013-02-01The United States Government has been concerned about Third World Women for some time now, especially since the terrorist attack of 9/11. The US Government has been interested in these women in a very particular way feeling a sort of political mission to save them from their oppressive men and culture. This attitude has already been interrogated and criticized by many feminist scholars (Ferguson 2007 et al) and hence, in my research I focus on a different approach deriving from the UNSC Resolution 1325 (2000) aiming to empower women in conflict and postconflict settings.This paper critically looks at the US policy on Resolution 1325 from a transnational feminist perspective. I use the What’s the Problem Represented to Be?-approach to the interrogation of a selection of US policy documents. The research question of the paper is as follows: Can this policy be regarded as feminist empowerment? Or is it rather organized according to the logic of masculinist protection?empowermentprotectionUS policygenderpeacesecurityapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0r74r07qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0r74r07q/qt0r74r07q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3xx4n1zf2013-04-03T12:42:14Zqt3xx4n1zfThe Spectacle of a Good-Half Widow: Performing Agency in the Human Rights Movement in KashmirZia, Ather2013-02-01A woman sits in protest at one the busiest intersections in the capital city of Srinagar in the Indian controlled Kashmir. A voluminous scarf covers her hair, body and face, revealing only her eyes. Her gaze is downcast and tearful. In one hand she holds a photograph of a man with a name and date written across it, and in another, she has a placard which says, “Half-widow: Return my disappeared husband”. The first time one beholds this spectacle, a lot of questions come to mind. Who is this woman, why does she mourn publicly and yet remains hidden? It is also important to ask, what she makes visible and invisible at the same time. What are the political and social circumstances that enable this spectacle? What becomes visible about gender and agency against the backdrop of patriarchy and state violence? Kashmirhalf-widowinsurgencyAgencyviolenceapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3xx4n1zfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3xx4n1zf/qt3xx4n1zf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5p87v7sr2013-03-28T12:03:54Zqt5p87v7srSalsa Epistemology: Negotiating the Present and the Utopic in the Work of Erika LopezSoares, Kristie2013-02-01Queer theory has been at the forefront of theorizations of utopia in the past ten years, with theorists such as José Esteban Muñoz and Jack Halberstam articulating how utopic creations—such as theatre, art, or even children’s animated films—can have an important function in social change. The field has been reluctant, however, to articulate the relationship between utopia and the vast majority of queer and feminist scholarship, which looks at social activism as a matter of resisting oppression in the present. This paper argues that articulating this link—between the present and utopia—is neither a simple nor a trivial matter, nor is it sufficient to just assume it exists. If, as queer theory has suggested, creating utopias is important for queer subjects, then how do these utopias engage with the everyday business of resisting oppressive social norms?This paper seeks to answer this question by close-reading theories of utopianism in the works of José Esteban Muñoz, María Lugones and Chela Sandoval. It then turns to Puerto Rican-American writer/performer/graphic novelist, Erika Lopez, whose a-typical use of humor inThe Girl Must Die(2010) exemplifies a negotiation of both the present and utopia to deal with issues of queer Latinidad. Lopez’s work reveals a way of knowing rooted specifically in Spanish Caribbean cultural texts, which combines present-based resistance and utopic creation dialectically. I term this way of knowing “salsa epistemology”—a reference to salsa as a Caribbean dance form embodied in the present but simultaneously accessing the utopic dimensions of performance.queer theoryutopiaresistancefeminismlatinaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p87v7srhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5p87v7sr/qt5p87v7sr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3k43380s2013-03-28T12:03:50Zqt3k43380s"I have been here from the start, and I am staying to the finish:" Women in Massive Resistance.Brueckmann, Rebecca2013-04-05US history20th centuryWomen's HistoryRaceCritical Whiteness StudiesCivil Rights MovementMassive ResistanceSouthern HistoryWhite supremacySouthern WomanhoodRacismEducationBrown v. Board of Educationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3k43380shttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3k43380s/qt3k43380s.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt03j7w6gh2013-03-28T12:03:47Zqt03j7w6ghIsrael’s Lost Son: Masculinity and Race in the Gilad Shalit’s AffairSharim, Yehuda2013-04-01Ona the day that the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit was released and returned to Israel, after five years of captivity, posters across the country welcomed home the nation’s “lost son.” This paper will examine how the Shalit’s Affair reconfigured the Zionist a paragon of masculinity, the Israeli soldier. More specifically,I first conduct a historical reading of Israeli embodiment of masculinity, then I explore military codes of discipline, and finally, I investigate the spread of these codes from the army to the civilian social, cultural and political life of Israeli society. Such an approach lays the groundwork for an analysis of the release of the abducted Israeli soldier, Gilad Shalit, in October 2011. I readthe Israeli soldier-civilian body as a contested site that challenges, resists, and advancesexisting concepts of masculinity and nationality.Through an investigation of individual and social agency in the embodiment of ideologies, this project questions the role of nationalism staging the sense of Shalit’s heroism, performing a sense of Israeli national exclusiveness and moral superiority. Gilad ShalitIsraelMasculinityGenderapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/03j7w6ghhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt03j7w6gh/qt03j7w6gh.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt65v958z12013-03-28T12:03:20Zqt65v958z1Acid Violence in PakistanZia, Taiba2013-02-01 This paper will examine the historical context and patriarchal patterns of belief that make violence against women in Pakistan not only possible but a crime which largely goes without punishment, often despite the existence of laws that advocate otherwise. It will focus on the recent debates regarding domestic violence in Pakistan and, specifically, on acid violence, which is a relatively recent type of violence against women. The paper will illustrate the devastating, life-long physical and psychological effects of an acid attack, especially in the absence of justice. It will examine the measures taken by various parties to curb the phenomenon and conclude with recommendations. acid violencefeminismviolence against womenPakistanacid attackhonor killingsapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/65v958z1https://escholarship.org/content/qt65v958z1/qt65v958z1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4pr8b2g92013-03-28T12:03:16Zqt4pr8b2g9The Cultural Defense in Intimate Violence Against Women: Criticizing Liberalism from a Mixed Approachdel Valle Bustos, Silvana Andrea2013-02-01In the last decades, many Western countries have recognized minority groups’ traditions and self-determination as a part of the Human Rights ideal they are committed to enact. For a time in the U.S., the argument that culture should be always respected, on the grounds of the freedom of association and conscience, held sway. As a result, U.S. courts accepted cultural arguments that justified violent conduct against women and family members as a defense even in cases of murder, reframing them as voluntary manslaughter, in light of the perpetrator’s culture. Reacting to the excesses of this multicultural approach, liberals proposed to reject any cultural argument that condones women’s rights violation. Their reactions echoed Rawls’ philosophical position according to what arguments not based in reason or not formulated in reasonable-secular terms should not be accepted in the public discussion. Courts, then, began to reject cultural arguments in murder cases. Consequently, a third argument has become popular, favoring a mixture between multicultural and liberal approaches. The author proposes that this alternative is better. For analyzing it, the paper focuses on the situations of non-physical or less grave physical violence, as well as submission to the group’s decisions (such as in clothing and priesthood) and polygamy. She asserts that these borderline cases present a challenge in the balance between the acceptance of multiculturalism and the rejection of violence, and then a better arena where to trace a line. The reasons the author has for supporting the mixed view include a criticism of it, mainly because mixed approaches usually tend to lean more toward liberal positions. First, unmixed approached do not take care sufficiently of women’s interests. In particular, if we accept Rawlsian rules we should also exclude feminist arguments not expressed under secular terms or linear reasoning, contradicting feminists who argue that reason is no the only human decision-making capacity. Second, liberal positions tend to confuse the treatment of equality and life integrity, no taking then sufficiently into account the dynamics of violence and focusing too much on consent under liberal terms. That is linear reasoning, which provokes a tendency to overestimate culture as exclusionary of choice, and not to see that the mainstream society is also cultural. This actually reveals that liberal society has biases against minority groups and a non well-developed engagement with women’s rights. Finally, because of psychological aspects of decision-making, Western societies should allow liberal (secular and reason based) and illiberal (religious and non-reason based) arguments to have a conversation. If we do so, both sides will see better what the opposite and their own side really believes, and they may realize that their values might be closer than they think. This will enhance a bigger commitment of all citizens to women’s rights, including the right to belong to a minority group and the right to be free from violence.multiculturalismviolence against womendomestic violenceliberalismfeminismcultural defensecriminal defensestate of mindcultureminority womenapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4pr8b2g9https://escholarship.org/content/qt4pr8b2g9/qt4pr8b2g9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt14d9756g2013-03-28T12:03:13Zqt14d9756g'Ambisextrous:' The Universal Appeal of Julian EltingeSalvage, Alice2013-02-01According to a newspaper of the time, there 'has probably never been an impersonator of feminine characters in this country who has created such a sensation' as Julian Eltinge.[1] This is a consensus borne out by the modern scholarship, as is the assertion that he was not 'like the ordinary female impersonator.'[2] He was critically and financially unparalleled. Whilst Eltinge enjoyed undeniable success with his female audience, largely due to the rise of the emancipated, sexualized 'New Woman,' this paper will focus on some of the reasons for Eltinge's considerable success with a male audience.[1] Untitled, undated newspaper clipping. Collection *ZC-170 (Julian Eltinge Clippings), New York Public Library for the Performing Arts.[2] 'An Odd Picture of a Star,'Stage Pictorial, undated, p. 20, *ZC-170, NYPLJulian EltingeNew Womansexualityimpersonationambisextrousapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/14d9756ghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt14d9756g/qt14d9756g.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3vr497vs2013-03-28T12:03:09Zqt3vr497vsIsrael’s Lost Son: Masculinity and Race in the Gilad Shalit’s AffairSharim, Yehuda2013-02-01On the day that the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit was released and returned to Israel after five years of captivity, posters across the country welcomed home the nation’s “lost son,” a title bestowed upon him by public relations experts hired by Shalit’s family. Live coverage of his release received record ratings. Activists, with the help of experts, advanced a sophisticated campaign to secure Shalit’s return, which included national and international rallies, enlistment of celebrities, and wide scale diplomatic efforts, emphasizing Shalit as the son of all Israelis. According to surveys conducted at the time, 80 percent of Israelis supported the prisoner exchange deal that led to Shalit’s freedom. The staging of the return of Israel’s lost son speaks volumes about the ways Israelis want to see themselves and how they view the country’s military body as a site of national agency. Using the Shalit Affair as a pivotal event, I examine Israeli society’s preoccupation with, and exhaustion from, ideologies of war, the military, and a heroic form of masculinity. I utilize three methodological frameworks to reveal how intense interest in the construction of masculinity (as choreographed in Israeli Army training manuals and the media) produces a complex sense of military fatigue. I first conduct a historical reading of Israeli theories of embodied masculinity and I investigate the spread of these codes from the army to Israeli social, cultural and political life. Such an approach lays the groundwork for an analysis of the release of Gilad Shalit in October 2011. I read the Israeli soldier-civilian body as a contested site that challenges, resists, and advances existing concepts of masculinity and nationality. Through an investigation of individual and social agency in the embodiment of ideologies, this presentation questions the role of nationalism in the staging of Shalit’s heroism, and in performing a sense of Israeli national exclusiveness and moral superiority.IsraelMasculinityRaceGilad Shalitapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3vr497vshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3vr497vs/qt3vr497vs.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt97f8x8bp2013-03-28T12:03:04Zqt97f8x8bpAdverse Birth Outcomes, “Bad Fathers,” and Disciplining Risk: A Place for a Feminist Voice in BioethicsDowdell, Megan2013-02-01In the past decade, several clinical studies have attempted to identify causes of adverse birth outcomes, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, low birth weight, and preterm birth, by studying paternal race or ethnicity as a risk factor. In US history, mothering, particularly women of color’s mothering, has been scrutinized and regulated. So, at first, the attention turned toward paternal biology may appear to be a feminist project, drawing attention toward the “other half” of infants’ biological information. However, the conceptual framework of such research implicates ideological notions of race, class, and gender, which discipline how we identify risk, make allowances for medical atrocities and discrimination, and are “inscribed” on the body.bioethicspaternal riskbirth adversitiesracefeminismapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/97f8x8bphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt97f8x8bp/qt97f8x8bp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0w67g3kh2013-03-28T12:03:01Zqt0w67g3khEquity Not Equality: The Gender Discourse of an Egyptian ActivistLewis, Pauline2013-02-01Since its inception in 1928, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood has played a large role in shaping Egyptian politics and society. The 2011 toppling of Hosni Mubarak and the opening up of the political system has led to an increased presence of the movement, with representatives forming a majority in parliament and even winning the powerful presidency. Observers and analysts within and without Egypt continue to have questions about the movement and its motives and perspectives. Fairly or not, the question of the Brotherhood’s stance on women and questions of gender are at the forefront of the debate. Encouraged by the former regime’s propaganda against the opposition movement, as well as the group’s conservative approach, many critics fear that the brotherhood’s ascent will result in a decrease of women’s rights and political participation.This paper seeks to explore this question through examining the work of one of the movement’s former leaders: Zainab al-Ghazali. Al-Ghazali has bedeviled many observers, as her work within the movement seems to contradict her rhetoric on the role of women within society. While she thrived in the male-dominated sphere of political leadership, she encouraged Muslim women to return to the home and maintain the base of Islamic society: the family. An examination of al-Ghazali’s texts reveals support for women’s rights and participation, but not with the goal of achieving gender equality. Her discourse also displays a connection between conservative gender norms and the postcolonial question of indigenous sovereignty. Understanding this interplay of ideologies not only sheds light on al-Ghazali’s discourse, but also on the ideological roots of the Muslim Brotherhood.EquityEqualityEgyptMuslim BrotherhoodgenderEgyptian Feminist Unionapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-SAeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0w67g3khhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0w67g3kh/qt0w67g3kh.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt00t3v7r82012-05-10T10:19:43Zqt00t3v7r8Leader-Follower: Throwing Out Gender Rules in Taiwanese Salsa TodayChang, I-Wen2012-04-18Salsa is a transnational and transcultural dance form that has traveled from the Americas to many other countries where it has taken on diverse meanings among its participants. In the past five years, it has become a craze among young professionals in Taiwan. In this paper, I argue that the notion of "flow" in salsa practice, the Confucian discipline of the female body, and the economic accessibility of salsa in Taiwan are contextual elements without which it is impossible to situate its social meaning. In the Taiwanese salsa scene, not only do female salsa practitioners gain agency and assert their power to challenge traditional values, but male salsa practitioners also find a space to perform femininity and to enjoy their embodiment of the female role. There are two imperatives for this study: 1) to subvert the dominant notion in academia about the immobile gender rules at play in salsa; 2) to illustrate the diversity of salsa practices around the world using Taiwan as a case study where it has not yet been discussed in the growing scholarship on Asian performance.salsa danceTaiwanese identitychoreographies of genderLeader-Follower rulessocial dancedance flowsame-sex dancing coupleapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/00t3v7r8https://escholarship.org/content/qt00t3v7r8/qt00t3v7r8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt30t7814b2012-05-02T10:40:53Zqt30t7814bKnowledge in Pain: Interpreting the Lives of Community College Latinas and their Experiences with Ilness and PainSantillanes, Sarah L2012-05-02In this study, the women and I clearly used our time together to engage in forms of ideological critique, which can serve as a therapeutic engagement for both the participants and the interviewer. My participants were searching for opportunities to ‘vent’ and speak about the struggles in their everyday lives. My participants’ ‘talk’ challenged their positions and places at NMVCC while taking up ideological stances that served to reproduce dominant ideologies, such as white supremacy, within their personal and public lives. As with any ideological critique, ideologies should be studied for their material effects and as entities of the social relations that encompass worldviews ideological critiqueLatinascommunity collegeillnesspainbody formationinfra-racismbody politicsracial reproduction theoryinterview narrativesapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/30t7814bhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt30t7814b/qt30t7814b.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4hc2g3r32012-05-02T10:33:00Zqt4hc2g3r3Children of Prostitutes in 1930’s China: Comparing Portrayals in Goddess and “Crescent Moon”Healey, Cara2012-05-02This paper moves from the realm of social history to investigate the intersection of prostitution and childhood within the realm of literary works from mid-1930s China. Wu Yonggang’s 1934 silent filmShennuand Lao She’s 1935 short story “Yueyar” (“Crescent Moon”) both portray the stories of single mothers driven to prostitution in order to raise and educate their children, and both show how the mother’s profession as prostitutes shapes her offspring’s childhood. Although starting from similar premises, these works present vastly different visions of childhood. I argue that these differences stem from the difference in gender between the children in each of these works. childrenchildhoodprostitutionChina1930'sChineseliteraturefilmeducationpovertyapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hc2g3r3https://escholarship.org/content/qt4hc2g3r3/qt4hc2g3r3.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5519m7qk2012-05-02T10:25:40Zqt5519m7qkDrowning out the Silence: Nigerian Civil War Literature and the Politics of Gender-Based ViolenceHancock, Lynn2012-05-02The Nigerian Civil War began on May 30, 1967 when the southeastern provinces declared their independence and Nigeria initiated an unrelenting military campaign to reverse the Biafran secession. The world watched as millions of Biafrans and Nigerians were displaced, starved, raped, slaughtered, and pushed to the very edges of human suffering. Because the conflict officially ended in 1970, too little attention has been paid to addressing and treating the deep macro (social, political) ad micro (local, personal) traumas inflicted by the war. This omission is particularly striking in light of Nigeria’s ethnically, regionally, and religiously divided population which remains fraught with the same tensions that triggered the war. The message seems to be that Nigeria has neither forgotten Biafra, nor forgiven.literatureBiafraNigeriapost-conflictcivil wargenderviolencetransitional justicesocial healingtruth and reconciliationapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5519m7qkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5519m7qk/qt5519m7qk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2hh7f3hv2012-05-02T10:01:50Zqt2hh7f3hvAbortion in France: Private Letters and Public Debates, 1973-1975Cardona, Cynthia2012-05-02The loi Veil that legalized abortion in 1975 marked a momentous victory for French feminists. Abortion was legal for the first time since it was made punishable in the 1810 Penal Code. The preceding two years set the stage for this social and political victory but are also key because Feminists challenged women’s experiences and defying anti-abortion laws. Their efforts during these two critical years represented a battle over changing social norms and transformed what could be discussed within the context of politics. French men and women challenged attitudes about sex and sexuality, the family, the role of health professionals and medicine in the lives of women and patriarchal structures. The feminist campaign for abortion rights argued that the 1920 law prohibiting abortion was outdated and failed to reflect the reality of women’s lives and that women had a right to control their own bodies.abortioncontraceptionlettersFrancefeminismMLACsexualityKarmanlawdebatesapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hh7f3hvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2hh7f3hv/qt2hh7f3hv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0sf3p93j2012-05-02T09:50:52Zqt0sf3p93jGender and the design of technology - A critical analysisKannabiran, Gopinaath2012-05-02I scope my analysis of gender related issues specifically to the domain of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), a field that concerns itself with the design and use of technology. The topic of gender is not new to HCI and has been addressed through multiple discourses such as domestic technology, product design, virtual online environments, and software engineering to name a few. The quality, concerns, motives and impacts of these works can be best characterized as varied. These existing works stress the importance of considering the importance of gender issues in the process of design, and provide thought-provoking insights and implications for design. Yet, these works ten to remain marginal in the field of HCI. Research interests regarding gender are viewed as niched. The relevance of these works remains contained to a small body of knowledge, and the insights that are garnered through them are often treated as one-off. My work is an attempt to understand what hinders the profession of this discourse from achieving its potential.genderFoucaultHCIdesigndiscourse analysistechnologybinarismnon-binary gendersparadigm shiftqueer theoryapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0sf3p93jhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0sf3p93j/qt0sf3p93j.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3n68t1b22012-05-02T09:46:44Zqt3n68t1b2The Politics of “Being Too Fast”: Policing Urban Black Adolescent Female Bodies, Sexual Agency, Desire, and Academic ResilienceStevenson, Stephanie Y2012-05-02Culturally produced dominant representations and discourses mark low-income, urban black girls’ bodies, thoughts, and actions as “fast (i.e. sexually promiscuous). This punitive label enforces regulatory systems where the girls can be policed and reprimanded. This paper closely examines political narratives, policies, ethnographic data from focus groups with urban black Baltimorean middle school girls, and online coverage of a Baltimore City teen school sex scandal. The author uses an intersectional analysis to highlight how urban black girls are often excluded from stigma-free sexual citizenship and bodily agency. The author suggests that national and local Baltimorean public policies have limited the girls’ access to key resources such as health clinics, SBHC, and after school programs that focus on teen pregnancy and sexual development. This coupled with community stigma and silences surrounding romance, desire, and sex, may place the girls at higher risk to make unhealthy and un-pleasurable sexual decisions that negatively affect their positive social development. The author wonders if new media will provide new ways of speaking back to political narratives, structural inequalities, and public policies that aim to hinder clack youth’s access to sexual citizenship and bodily agency.urban black adolescent girls"fast"Baltimore citymoral panicssexual riskdesireromancepregnancyurban schoolssocial mediaapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3n68t1b2https://escholarship.org/content/qt3n68t1b2/qt3n68t1b2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt76t0k7kp2012-05-02T09:17:09Zqt76t0k7kpI Hear Something Different: Differences in Gender Messages from Parent-Child Communication about Sex with Late AdolescentsAllen, Evette L2012-05-02Many researches have discussed the differences in parent-child communication with daughters versus parent-child communication with sons. Communication about sex with adolescents can be difficult and uncomfortable for both parents and children. Previous researchers have indicated an interest in parent-child communication about sex because such discussions between parents and adolescents have been proven to assist with delaying or lessening the effects of adolescent sexual risk behavior. While there may be powerful implications for parent-child communication about sex with adolescents, the effects may be more powerful for female adolescents than for male adolescents.parent-child communicationparent-child conversationsparent-adolescent communicationparent-adolescent conversationssex communicationsex conversationsgender differencesadolescent gender differencesgendered messages about sexgenderapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/76t0k7kphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt76t0k7kp/qt76t0k7kp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6n18t59n2012-04-25T14:39:28Zqt6n18t59nLos Angeles of My Broken Heart: Pocha Mobility in México de mi corazón and Del otro lado del puenteParades, Veronica2012-04-25Representations of “pocho/a” (Chican@) experience are complicated not only by relations of dependency and domination between the United States and Mexico, but also by colonial legacies and histories. At the heart of this relational dynamic is the question of agency, which manifests itself in film in part through the ability of characters to articulate their subjectivity to others. This paper will address how representations of speech acts capture the contradictions of Mexican American identity in two Mexican films,Mexico de mi Corazon(1964) andDel otro lado del Puente(1979). Both films share Los Angeles as a setting and both feature popular Mexican ranchera singer Lucha Villa. Portraying a young vibrant pocha singer in the earlier film, Villa has a more circumscribed role inDel otro lado del Puenteas the mother of Berto (played by flamboyant Mexican musical icon Juan Gabriel). As Berto unearths his family history, he discovers that his mother is brain dead in a mental hospital. Catatonic and speechless, Berto’s mother is unable to recover the trauma of having had to support her children and drug habit with sex work after her husband left the family to fight in the Second World War. Villa’s performance inDel otro lado del Puentecan be read as a critical reinterpretation of earlier optimistic portrayals of Mexican American identity. How does communicative agency in these films reflect perceived shifts in economic and social possibilities for Chican@ mobility in Los Angeles?PochaChicano/aLos AngelesSouth Broadwayfilmic representationidentityLucha Villacityfamilynationapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6n18t59nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6n18t59n/qt6n18t59n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt98j809xn2012-04-25T13:54:13Zqt98j809xnWoven Images: From the Bauhaus Weaving Workshop to the Knoll Textile DivisionAron, Jamie2012-04-25In 1938 German émigré Hans Knoll set up Factory No. 1 in New York City, Selling Scandinavian-inspired furniture to a small but growing crowd of American architects serving the new corporate American client. By chance, the small-scale manufacturer met an ambitious young architect and the pair joined forces to expand into one of the most successful furniture, textiles, and interior design planning companies in American history, a company that achieved widespread success by midcentury. The architect’s name was Florence Schust, and she would eventually be recognized as one of the most influential figures in postwar American architecture and design. From 1946 to 1965, Florence directed all creative efforts at Knoll Associates, including a planning unit that designed interiors and a textile division that served the planning unit by providing original materials for upholstery and drapery, and later offered cut yardage to the trade. Her textile division in New York operated like a mini-Bauhaus, with architects, weavers, and graphic designers all contributing towards the ultimate goals of producing eye-catching architectural materials for mass production. But unlike the Bauhaus in the twenties and thirties, this midcentury workshop democratized the arts through the production of a single material. Rather than being considered, as it was historically, ‘women’s work,’ textile work occupied a highly visible position within Knoll Associates. Prominently featured within furniture exhibitions, architectural magazine advertisements, and high-profile corporate interior’s projects, textiles functioned on multiple levels as architectural material and graphic surface. At a time when the modernist aesthetic was considered to be radical in America—not yet classic or ubiquitous—Florence Knoll took all of her modernist architectural training and applied it to the design direction of her furniture, textiles, and planning company. Through a close reading of a key commissioned interiors project and primary materials from 1946- 1965—when Florence Knoll was active creative director and the president in 1955—my study re-frames textiles as critical, rather than ancillary, to the reception of modern architecture in postwar America.architecturedecorative artscommodityFlorence Knolltextilesweavingwomen architectsfurnituremodernismrepresentationapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/98j809xnhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt98j809xn/qt98j809xn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1x86x4ng2012-04-19T11:35:23Zqt1x86x4ng(Digital) Revolution Girl Style Now!: Subcultures, Social Media, Subjectivity and the Videos of Sadie Benning and Thirza CuthandRoyer, Alice2012-04-19In the distant past (fifteen years ago), before the advent of web 2.0, one subculture, riot grrrl, made effective use of social media to communicate a message and build a sense of community. Riot grrrl’s successful dissemination of zines, mixtapes and angst ought to serve as an example of the possibilities offered by social media, and subcultures today would be wise to learn from their model. Given the primacy of subjectivity in forming any community and the efficiency with which moving images can serve in such processes, today I will use the experimental autobiographic videos of Sadie Benning and Thirza Cuthand as case studies in an effort to better understand how social media function in the articulation of unique subjectivities, and how their evolution creates space for alternative means of dissemination.subculturesocial mediaThirza CuthandSadie BenningsubjectivityRiot Grrrlweb 2.0experimental videoqueerlesbianapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1x86x4nghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1x86x4ng/qt1x86x4ng.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5838t1n02012-04-19T11:31:29Zqt5838t1n0"The Distance between California and Kentucky": Regionally Gendered Identity in The Patron Saint of LiarsLaGrotteria, Angela2012-04-19In Ann Patchett’sThe Patron Saint of Liars, Rose Clinton’s narrative prompts us to consider “how the distance between California and Kentucky” plays a prominent role in identity formation and community membership (Patron321). Rose migrates from Marina del Rey, California, to Habit, Kentucky, and her journey forces her to confront Sherrie Inness’ and Diana Royer’s question: “How essentially are we changed by movement among regions?”. Discovering that she is pregnant forces twenty-three-year-old Rose to admit she does not love her husband and motivates her to leave him and her unfulfilling domestic life. She takes a road trip across the country that leads her to Saint Elizabeth’s (a home for pregnant girls managed by nuns—this takes place during the 1950s) and away from her husband (Thomas), her mother, and California. Mostly in order to keep her daughter (nicknamed Sissy), Rose marries Son, the groundskeeper of Saint Elizabeth’s. Tensions caused by Rose’s competing Appalachian and Southwestern identities are highlighted through her relationships with Son and Sissy. regiongenderidentitynarrativemigrationcommunityplacespaceintersectionalitybelongingapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5838t1n0https://escholarship.org/content/qt5838t1n0/qt5838t1n0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0zw2c7ks2012-04-19T11:20:40Zqt0zw2c7ks“All I Want is Opportunity”: Doris Weaver, Wilhelmina Styles, and the Pursuit of a Professional StatusSteward, Tyran Kai2012-04-19In the early 1930s, Jim Crow practices at Ohio State University prevented African American students Wilhelmina Styles and Doris Weaver from taking a mandatory course for their Home Economics major. The Home Management Laboratory class required a one-quarter residency at the Grace Graham Walker House, an all-white women’s dormitory. Admitting Styles and Weaver would have resulted in the integration of the residential hall, an act prohibited by the University’s policy against racial intermingling. My essay depicts the racialized and gendered social order maintained by Ohio State University in the early 1930s as well as the political and legal challenges launched by Styles, Weaver, and their supporters throughout the state to protest the school’s version of Jim Crow. The previously unstudied cases of Styles and Weaver offer three significant insights regarding race and gender relations, and two broader implications. First, the efforts to prevent Styles and Weaver from fulfilling their educational requirements expose how institutions in the North maintained separate and unequal practices without the legal underpinnings that existed in Southern states. Second, the opposition that Styles and Weaver faced illuminates how white women actively engaged in constructing racial barriers to prevent African American women from achieving what historian Alice Kessler-Harris has termed “economic citizenship.” Finally, the resistance efforts of Styles, Weaver, and their supporters reveal how black women defined citizenship during this Jim Crow era, how they came to imagine the role Home Economics training could play in their pursuit of that citizenship, and how black and white communities began to mobilize legally and politically in an effort to foster racial integration. Northern Jim Crowblack womenhome economicseconomic citizenshiprace on college campusesnorthern race relationsracismthe Ohio State UniversityNAACP test casescolor politicsapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zw2c7kshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0zw2c7ks/qt0zw2c7ks.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0c88c7t52012-04-19T10:59:59Zqt0c88c7t5"A Text for Living and For Dying": Theorizing Hortense Spillers' and Kara Walker's Call and ResponseMann, Regis2012-04-19Artist Kara Walker’s emergence within international and national art show circuits approximately twenty years ago precipitated an effective crisis in contemporary African-American art. Indeed, the implications of the crises in representational possibility, of reclamation and of historical memory, incited by Walker’s jarring cut-paper silhouettes, watercolors, and collages remain complex and far-reaching today. Gwendolyn Dubois Shaw’s 2004Seeing the Unspeakable: The Art of Kara Walker, the single book-length study of the artist’s oeuvre, productively ushers precisely such complexities to the fore. For instance,Seeing the Unspeakableforegrounds readings of Walker’s art with and through discourses of haunting, gothic repression, and trauma. Juxtaposing the theories of Cathy Caruth and W. J. T. Mitchell, Dubois Shaw interrogates the psychical impact of Walker’s public pedagogy, one which pivots upon exposure and laying bare pain which exceeds language itself. “The discourse of the unspeakable,” Dubois Shaw maintains, “is a discourse made up of the horrific accounts of physical, mental, and sexual abuse that were left unspoken by former slaves as they related their narratives, the nasty and unfathomable bits of detritus that have been left out of familiar histories of American race relations”. For Dubois Shaw, Walker enacts a radical mode of inquiry into black slave/white female/white male pleasure, desire, and eroticism in the context of interracial sexual exploitation, bestiality, suicide, and pedophilia: her art lingers, almost revels in absurd and violent pastoral scenes, boldly staging moments of communal grieving and “rememory” as crucial means by which to attend to the afterlife of enslavement. African American artpsychoanalysisHortense SpillersKara Walkergendersexualityembodimentindextracedomesticityapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0c88c7t5https://escholarship.org/content/qt0c88c7t5/qt0c88c7t5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2fd366p52012-04-19T10:53:28Zqt2fd366p5Planning for Public Participation and Community Engagement Experiences in Feminist Art ProgramsAmirsoleymani, Roya2012-04-19The arts administration field severely lacks the contribution of feminist critique as well as its own disciplinary research specific to feminist art. A work-in-progress, this project seeks to help address that gap by examining through descriptive research the public participation and community engagement activities of US-based, self-identified, nonprofit feminist art programs active today; how these program aspects closely reflect new trends in arts participation research and future funding; and the implications of that correlation for feminist art programs, including potential benefits to funding and resource development that will help maintain current programs and develop new ones that advance art and feminism. Research methods include literature review in feminist art theory, history of US feminist art programs, and recent research in arts participation and participatory media. In turn, I am currently conducting two case analyses of current feminist art programs, both using data collected through primary source documents and semi-structured interviews with program staff. While a preliminary analysis of one case site is a major focus of this paper, field research has not yet taken place. Thus, in this paper, I share preliminary findings of a larger project in progress. I conclude with predicted benefits to feminist art programs that, with further research, will develop into comprehensive recommendations for the sustainability and enhancement of feminist art programs based on their relationship to new research in arts participation. feminismfeminist artfeminist art programscontemporary artcontemporary feminist artarts administrationarts managementarts participationarts programmingcommunity engagementapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fd366p5https://escholarship.org/content/qt2fd366p5/qt2fd366p5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt563735fq2012-04-19T10:48:13Zqt563735fqWe Been Here, We Live Here, We Love Here: Black Lesbians’ Performance of Presence in Chicago’s SouthsideWilliams, Rhaisa2012-04-19In 1993, Lisa Marie Pickens, Karen Hutt, Stephanie Betts, Julianna Cole, Saundra Johnson, and Karen Long decided that it was time for black lesbians to march openly in the Bud Billiken Parade. The women sent in an application stating their intention to theChicago Defenderto march behind a banner marking their homosexuality and were denied permission. Feeling that they were denied due to homophobia, the women sent in another application, which had the same information except they titled their group “Diverse Black Role Models”. The second application, turned in late and crumpled, was accepted. black lesbiansperformanceparadespectacularizationexceptionchildhood innocencelinked fatesouthside chicagoBud Billikenblack devianceapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/563735fqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt563735fq/qt563735fq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3tp560972012-04-19T10:41:18Zqt3tp56097The Evolution of a Gendered Politics of Trauma: Challenging the Depiction of Rape as "A Fate Worse Than Death"Fehrenbacher, Annie2012-04-19Beyond its utility as a diagnostic category, the medical model of trauma has emerged as a powerful rhetorical and political tool. Trauma diagnoses have provided individuals with medical recognition and helped to catalyze social movements around issues such as armed conflict and sexual violence. Although originally thought to stem from an objective set of characteristics of an event, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is now seen as a combination of an exposure to a traumatic stressor and a personal, individualized reaction to that exposure. This shift from objective to subjective perception has challenged two assumptions underpinning early definitions of trauma. First, the departure from event-based to experientially-based definitions of trauma challenged the presumption that certain events are inherently more traumatic than others. Second, perceptions shifted from the belief that trauma is a fated outcome to an understanding that post-traumatic stress may or may not result, depending on individual factors. This paper traces the evolution of medical and social understandings of trauma and discusses the ways in which the treatment of sexual violence against women has failed to keep pace with this evolution. Rape continues to be regarded as an innately traumatic experience for women that will forever brand them as victims. The “one-size-fits-all” trauma narrative deployed to combat sexual violence against women has served to draw vital political, social, and medical attention to a previously neglected harm. While the medicalization of rape trauma has provided women with a common identity to draw attention to the prevalence of violence against women, it has also undermined efforts to construct a strong, rational image of women as political actors. I call into question presumptions about an objective form of rape trauma, arguing that such presumptions risk essentializing rape victims, leaving little room for agency and heterogeneity. sexual violencesexual politicswomen's vulnerability paradigmrape trauma syndromepost-traumatic stress disorderPTSDdiagnostic categorizationdefinitionspostcolonial feminismessentialismapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tp56097https://escholarship.org/content/qt3tp56097/qt3tp56097.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1sx2m3bc2012-04-19T10:35:41Zqt1sx2m3bc"How to cook in Palestine?" Guidebooks for German-Jewish Homemakers in Palestine in the 1930s and 40sRautenberg-Alianov, Viola2012-04-19Providing the relocated German-Jewish homemaker withall the advice she might needwas a more than ambitious aim given the tremendous changes the immigrants had to face in Palestine. As a result of the rise of National Socialism some 50 000 German Jews fled Germany to Palestine in the 1930s. As they were coming from one of the most modern countries in the world it was quite a shock for them to arrive in Palestine: Here they had to deal with a middle-easternclimate, an underdeveloped economy, the Hebrew language, and the Jewish-Arab conflict. Matters were complicated further by the fact that the new immigrants constituted the most bourgeois immigration wave that entered Palestine by then. They mainlybelongedto the urban educated Middle-class, were assimilated to German culture and weren’t Zionists. These features weren’t welcomed by the Jewish community in Palestine (Yishuv), which suspected the newcomers of harming their socialist achievements. genderwomenGerman JewsPalestineZionismmigrationfoodcookbooksguidebookshouseholdapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1sx2m3bchttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1sx2m3bc/qt1sx2m3bc.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3m10815x2012-04-18T14:42:59Zqt3m10815x"A Woman Make a Better Man": Butch Masculinity in Peggy Shaw's You're Just Like My FatherSloan, Lisa2012-04-18Over the course of Peggy Shaw’s performance career, her name has become synonymous with butchness. As Alisa Solomon observes, “Peggy Shaw, the big butch Split Britches actor…is every feminist critic’s favorite example” (175). InYou’re Just Like My Father, Shaw’s 1994 solo show, Shaw uses her physicality and genealogy to construct a butch lesbian identity. Gayle Rubin defines butch “as a category of lesbian gender that is constituted through the deployment and manipulation of masculine gender codes and symbols” (467). Butches layer masculine gender codes onto female bodies—in Shaw’s case, at least. Shaw’s butchness is uninterested in passing; rather, her butchness is predicated on performing her masculinity and her refusal of femininity simultaneously. This performance maintains an ironic tension between her sexed female body and her butch masculinity.Peggy ShawbutchironyYou're Just Like My Fathercampgenderperformance studiesapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3m10815xhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3m10815x/qt3m10815x.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4771c7p12012-04-18T14:39:02Zqt4771c7p1Cockfighting in the American Midwest During the Mid-Twentieth Century: Women’s Participation in the PracticeMiner, Sara2012-04-18Clifford Geertz’s “Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight” is one of the most recognized modern sources on cockfighting. Geertz’s use of thick description to analyze the motives behind the actions of Balinese cock fighters is an important methodological approach in understanding cock fighting around the world. Geertz’s essay, although crucial in its pioneering use of thick description, cannot be used as a universal source on cock fights. The primary reason for this is because Geertz’s essay focused on Balinese cock fighting which was as an exclusively male sphere of activity. Although cock fighting in Bali was an exclusively male practice, cock fighting in America, and specifically in the American Midwest, was an activity participated in by both men and women. Women were certainly not the majority of the participants at cock fights but enough of them were present to be included in the discussion of one of the practices that shaped rural America in the twentieth century.Cock fightingrural women's leaisure activitiesrural midwestgender rolesblood sportsgamblingfarm liferural sportgame fowlMid-Twentieth Century American Historyapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4771c7p1https://escholarship.org/content/qt4771c7p1/qt4771c7p1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt43t7r5ft2012-04-18T14:34:50Zqt43t7r5ftTracking Fictive Depictions of Interracial Relationships between Diasporic Indian Women and African Men in East African LiteratureJeyathurai, Dashini2012-04-18In this paper, I explore what Stephanie Jones has called “this most taboo and threatening of sexual relationships” – that of an Indian woman and an East African man (185). The dearth of scholarship examining fictive depictions of this particular sexual and racial configuration in East African literature is quite remarkable. This is a questionable silence in light of the recurrent portrayals of sexual encounters between Indian women and African men in the Anglophone literature of East Africa.These little-studied narratives are important because they compel us to rethink the colonial binaries that dominate the investigations of interracial relationships within the locus of British empire studies. These sexual encounters and/or relationships refuse the binary of Miranda and Caliban or that of the white imperialist and his beleaguered female employee.East African literatureAfro-IndianinterracialIndian diasporaIndian womenapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/43t7r5fthttps://escholarship.org/content/qt43t7r5ft/qt43t7r5ft.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt08z6h9qk2012-04-18T14:31:15Zqt08z6h9qkDemobilized Women Combatants: Lessons from ColombiaGiraldo, Saridalia2012-04-18In Colombia, a country with one of the longest civil wars in the world, women combatants return to civil society in the midst of ongoing tension. In this transition, women suffer triple difficulties: the reaction of their home communities; hostility from armed illegal groups still engaged in conflict, and disregarding from the government itself. What accounts for these obstacles? First, in a patriarchal society such as Colombia, demobilized women face the denigration of their community which views women’s participation in armed conflict as an infringement on traditional female roles. Second, in the midst of continued conflict, demobilized women are also in danger of being re-recruited, tortured, killed or displaced from their home towns by their former peers in combat who perceive them as traitors, or by active criminal groups who consider them as enemies. Third, public policy designed to demobilize and reintegrate combatants gives little attention to women´s special needs as victims of gender violence. Recognizing that women and their needs remain invisible, this paper proposes that formal and informal post-conflict measures in Colombia must be gender-sensitized in order to effectively reintegrate women and men into civilian life.Women combatantsdemobilizationreintegrationDDRpeace-buildingColombiaCivil WargeurillasFARCsexual violenceapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/08z6h9qkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt08z6h9qk/qt08z6h9qk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4n46g1w02012-04-18T14:20:03Zqt4n46g1w0Colliers in Corsets? Uncovering Stark County's Nineteenth-Century Coal Mining WomenSampson, Jason2012-04-18According to the United States government, women did not enter underground mining until four decades ago. The Rockefeller Report on The American Coal Minernotes that, “prior to 1973, government records show no women miners.” If “government records” includes either the federal census or Ohio state death records, that statement is false. While the numbers are small, the fact is that some women in the mining region of Stark County, Ohio, do appear to have mined coal more than one hundred years before such work was officially acknowledged by the government. In Stark County population schedules for 1870 and 1880, four people are indicated as having a sex of “female” and a profession of “coal miner.” Despite their presence on population schedules, they remain conspicuously absent from the published summaries. Stark County death records are even more revealing of this disparity, identifying another dozen women who, at the time of their deaths, were occupied as miners. In total, between 1870 and 1900, government records actually indicate that at least fifteen women worked in the mines in Stark County alone. Their invisibility from government records, however, is not an sign of the challenge these women presented to existing gender norms, but an indication of the prevalence of an older, pre-industrial notion of family labor that persisted in the coal mines.coalminerminingwomenworkgenderMary E. McBrideMassillonOhioStark Countyapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4n46g1w0https://escholarship.org/content/qt4n46g1w0/qt4n46g1w0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9nv4p6x82012-04-18T14:15:59Zqt9nv4p6x8“De old devil!”: Female Slaveholders, Violence, and Slave Management in LouisianaSmart, Katie, University of Houston2012-04-18Plantation mistresses used violence on a daily basis to manage and control enslaved people on their plantations. In all the seminal works on slavery, the voices of slaveholding women are noticeably silent. The brutal system of slavery, despite the implication by the historiography, involved female slaveholders in addition to male slaveholders. Moreover, the sources suggest that plantation mistresses were comfortable with their role as enforcers of order through violence, even before the transformation and upheaval of Southern society when thecommencement of the Civil War compelled white women to take control of plantations, large numbers of slaves, and the continued maintenance of Southern slave society.LouisianaslaveryviolencewomenNineteenth CenturyUnited StatesCivil Warlegal systemmanagementplantationantebellumapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nv4p6x8https://escholarship.org/content/qt9nv4p6x8/qt9nv4p6x8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3tp6t6gb2012-04-18T14:12:08Zqt3tp6t6gb"Working Girl": Sex Discrimination in AuschwitzCline, Shelly M2012-04-18Captured in a rare photograph, Commandant Richard Baer and former commandant Rudolf Höss strode away from the dedication of an SS hospital in Auschwitz in late 1944. Following behind them, are officers of lesser note, and behind them- in the background- a few nurses. Mostly hidden behind these men, head down, glove in gloved hand is Maria Mandel, the chief overseer of the women’s camp. She is the most powerful, important woman in Auschwitz and yet she barely makes the shot. Mandel walks alone, not accompanied by her fellow Aufseherinnen subordinates. She is not in front with her colleagues of equal rank, nor is she at the back with the nurses who share her gender. Instead, Maria Mandel occupies a space of her own: an awkward, middle area that lacks a conceptual framework. Though her job was identical to that of a man’s, her gender kept her from being “one of the boys.” And though she was a woman, her job prohibited her from being “one of the girls.” In this photo, in the camp system, and in Germany, the women of the SS failed to “fit in.” They were not the mothers and nurses performing traditional women’s work in service of the Reich. The state asked them to do a man’s job, yet as shown in the above image, these women were not admitted to a partnership of equality in their workplace. Within this system of discrimination and inequality, women devised strategies to conform to the prevailing gender norms that governed camp culture and their employment.
NaziwomenAuschwitzlaborgender discriminationMaria MandelAufseherinnenHolocaustSSapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tp6t6gbhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3tp6t6gb/qt3tp6t6gb.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3j65b7v92012-04-18T14:07:37Zqt3j65b7v9Sexual Assault Support Zines as a Pedagogy of Hope: An exploration of zines as a method of integrating community voices into the research processGordon, JoAnne2012-04-18This essay explores how sexual assault zines (self-published magazines) reflect a pedagogy of hope as they integrate community efforts of working collectively to generate positive social change and challenge dominant discourses and responses to sexual violence in our communities. Through critical discourse analysis of a multiplicity of sexual assault zines, such as Learning Good Consent, Support Zine, and Ask First, my research reveals that these zines challenge the unquestioned assumption that the criminal legal system is a friend of the anti-violence movement. Instead, these artifacts seek to mobilize communities around radical alternatives to hegemonic structures of oppression and violence. I argue that these works operate in a feminist framework that produces counter-hegemonic sites that seek to connect and communicate. Additionally, these zines offer radical and practical alternatives and approaches to ending structures of violence, with the aim of moving toward creating communities of accountability. This research explores the use of zines as a method of challenging prevalent discourses around sexual violence, by providing cultural and political interventions through resisting the culture of domination. Most importantly, this essay demonstrates how the use of zines is a viable and underutilized research method that can act as a creative and alternative avenue to integrating community voices into the research process.zinesexualassaultviolenceconsentsupportaccountabilitycommunitypedagogyqualitativeapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3j65b7v9https://escholarship.org/content/qt3j65b7v9/qt3j65b7v9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7rx168x72012-04-18T13:10:45Zqt7rx168x7The Femme Fatale Tells Her Story: Dorothy Hughes and WWII Crime FictionRolens, Claire2012-04-18In the 1943 thrillerThe Blackbirder, Julie Guille is a woman of mystery. Beautiful, intelligent, and strong enough to be independent of male support, she represents a challenge to every man in the novel. Part of her mystery and the threat she poses to masculine dominance is her endless ability to change her appearance, and thus change her already indeterminate identity; she confounds meaning by undermining the ability of the image to convey internal truth, a trait that feminist film scholar Mary Ann Doane says is the trademark of thefemme fatale, or the deadly woman, a central archetype of film noir and literary noir. In fact, Julie Guille troubles meaning itself, since as an orphan and then a refugee, her class and national identities are uncertain, even to her. Like manyfemmes fatales, her artificial disguises and her love of independence makes her the “problem” woman for male characters to solve or control. But Julie is not thefemme fataleofThe Blackbirder- she is the heroine, the detective, the wrongly accused, and the novel’s only narrative point of view. The skills that usually define afemme fataleas an evil and destructive character that men both desire and despise are present in Julie, but they are what make her the heroine; she is cunning, perceptive, strong willed, independent, stylish, and a skilled actress. Rather than making her the villain, these attributes make her uniquely adept at maintaining her hard-won autonomy and self-preservation in a wartime nation dominated by paranoia, surveillance, and the threat of violence.NoirmysterycrimegenreWorld War TwoAmericanpopular culturemasculinitysexualityfictionapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rx168x7https://escholarship.org/content/qt7rx168x7/qt7rx168x7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8dr6q7kn2012-04-18T13:07:15Zqt8dr6q7knCrimes by Women and then some: Female Empowerment in American 1950s Comic BooksLee, Peter2012-04-18Many historians have noted the cultural “retreat” of women into their domestic spheres at the end of World War II. From riveting Rosies to spirited bobbysoxers and zoot suitors, women were socially contained in rigid gender lines during the early Cold War. Nevertheless, an undercurrent of dissatisfaction flowed beneath the polished floors of idealized housewives. The personification of restless women was exemplified as femme fatales in film noir and its literary twin, the pulp novel. On the flip side, overly feminine women, such as the voluptuous Marilyn Monroe, have also threatened to upend the social order.However, unlike the regulated movie industry, mainstream comic books fell under the radar in the early Cold War. In comparison with pulps, comics, such asCrime Does Not Pay, outsold Raymond Chandler by millions per month, were illustrated in full color, and were accepted as disposable entertainment for kids. Although a rudimentary regulatory body for comics existed since the 1940s, it was largely symbolic. As a result, the industry had free reign to exploit the anxieties of the Cold War.1950scomic booksCold Warcrimeculturedomesticityfemininitygender rolessubversionwomanhoodapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dr6q7knhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8dr6q7kn/qt8dr6q7kn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2qb5c1qk2012-04-18T13:02:35Zqt2qb5c1qkVirtual(ly) Queer: Anti-Genealogy and Obsessive-Compulsion in Bechdels' Fun HomeGill-Peterson, Julian2012-04-18IfI wanted to accuse queer theory of liking anything straight, I’d probably pick straight lines. Straight lines are the form of genealogies, the tracing of lines of affinity and inheritance through time. A genealogy is one way of spatializing time, of turning it into a straight line that can then be divided into discrete segments or be assigned a beginning, middle and end. Spatialize time and you literally territorialize it—in the case of genealogies, you turn the past into a territory at which you can glance from the present. Some kinds of genealogies, like family trees, are normative projects of the repetition of the same thing through time. Others, like the critical projects of genealogy of Nietzsche and Foucault, use tracings to denaturalize the very things that the former kind of genealogies make real. Queer theory has especially depended upon the latter kind of genealogy because the field’s primal scene has coalesced as a particular reading of a tracing of discursive signs like homosexual, lesbian, or gay. More recently, this endeavor has evolved into queergenealogy: Chris Nealon calls it “feeling historical,” Heather Love calls it “feeling backward,” and Ann Cvetkovich traces them in “an archive of feelings.”
queergirlhoodchildhoodaffectgenealogyanxietybecomingBergsonDeleuzeobsessive-compulsionapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qb5c1qkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2qb5c1qk/qt2qb5c1qk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8st7222g2012-04-18T12:59:02Zqt8st7222gMoney, Morals, and Modernity: Making Sense of Same-Sex Sexualities in MalawiMcKay, Tara2012-04-18Usingethnographic and archival data from Malawi, a small, heavily aid dependent country and former British colony, this paper examines Malawians’ attitudes toward homosexuality vis-à-vis the country’s history of colonization and the realities of Malawi’s economic dependence on donor governments. I demonstrate that Malawians’ understandings of same-sex sexuality go beyond homosexuality as a moral affront to conservative religious ideas. Rather, the framing of sexual diversity as a neocolonialist project has gained substantial traction among Malawians, providing a foundation for the development of an anti-Western and anti-gay Malawian national identity.Africasexualityhomophobiapolicyhuman rightshealthdemocracyMalawiapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8st7222ghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8st7222g/qt8st7222g.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1209m3n12012-04-18T12:55:17Zqt1209m3n1Korean Folklore and Implications for Korean American WomenHong, Christine Jean2012-04-18We are shaped by what our parents and grandparents impart to us through story. Our very identity formations rest upon traditions embedded into collective memory. Korean folklore, the shaman’s sacred text, once celebrated feminine power, but through patriarchal reinterpretations and the emergence of new Confucian folklore traditions, the shaman and the women who resemble her in independence, influence, and sexual liberation are no longer venerated but vilified. Though the primordial shaman is long forgotten, Korean folklore remains a part of Korean American women’s patriarchal recollection. By examining the narratives of Korean American women and the folk traditions of the filial woman, spirit, and fox, this paper argues that Korean folklore continues to disseminate Confucian and patriarchal values into the lived experiences of Korean American women, warning against the emulation of her shaman counterpart.Korean American WomenfolkloreshamanChristianityfoxspiritfilial pietyapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1209m3n1https://escholarship.org/content/qt1209m3n1/qt1209m3n1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt46w3n3sn2012-04-18T12:51:08Zqt46w3n3snIronic Mirroring: Sufis, Hijras, ArtistsHussaini, Sara Haq2012-04-18Lucy Lippard, a feminist writer, activist, and curator, writes in her bookMixed Blessings: New Art in a Multicultural America,Irony, humor, and subversion are the most common guises and disguises of those artists leaping out of the melting pot into the fire. They hold mirrors up to the dominant culture, slyly infiltrating mainstream art with alternative experiences – inverse, reverse, perverse (199).Lippard calls this process “Turning around…: the simple (and not so simple) reversal of an accepted image” (200).A perfect paradigm of such artists is thehijra community of South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh). The termhijra orkhusra is loosely translated in English as “hermaphrodite” or “eunuch” – the third gender. The purpose of this paper is to discuss Lippard’s concept of “turning around” via the illustration of individuals who self-identify as hijras. I intend to take the discussion one step further: rather than simply superimposing an American feminist’s perspective onto the subject of hijra identity, I present the perennial philosophy of Sufism (the esoteric, spiritual dimension of Islam, widely practiced in South Asia and other Muslim majority lands) as an alternative theoretical approach to weaving a gendered analysis of the topic at hand.sufihijraartistthird gendermirroringislamic mysticismIndiaPakistanrumibulleh shahapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/46w3n3snhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt46w3n3sn/qt46w3n3sn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt23d759gw2012-04-18T12:35:16Zqt23d759gwOn Being SoullessLubin, Joan2012-04-18At the climax of Kazuo Ishiguro’s 2005 novelNever Let Me Go, as the facts of her circumstance are being revealed to her, the narrator asks, “Why did you have to prove a thing like that? Did someone think we didn’t have souls?” (260). That the existence of her soul should be taken to be self-evident has come to constitute something of a commonplace among commentators on the novel. That her soul’s existence might be considered a question at all arises from the fact that she is a clone. To suggest that this clone, Kathy H., and the many others who populate the novel may be something other than fully human, that they may lack “souls”—to suggest, indeed, that one might “have to prove a thing like that”—lands the critic in an uncomfortable alliance with the clearly cruel society that emerges in the negative space of the narrative. The novel seems to demand that the reader endow the clones with humanity, lest she find herself on the wrong side of an ethical divide, aligned with a social logic that would authorize the cultivation of populations of human clones for the sole purpose of harvesting their organs. Needless to say, one would be wise to think twice before taking this leap, and it is a leap few critics have seen fit to take.humanismKazuo IshigurocloningrecognitionreadingmethodologyinteriorityVictorianrealismsocial-problem novelapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/23d759gwhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt23d759gw/qt23d759gw.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5nr8d9472012-04-18T12:29:37Zqt5nr8d947Alchemy of feelings: Loss, laughter, eros, and new gender subjectivitiesMcCullen, Christie2012-04-18“The lights were low, all the candles on fertility altar lit, the mood—just right. Maddy pulled out all her blowjob tricks—the pepper grinder, the text message, the piccolo tickolo. Leroy was overcum with ecstasy as he spunked into a cup.” So begins the pornographic performance entitledMaddy & Leroy’s Artifuckial Insemination, a kinky tale of a heterosexual couple’s experience with an artificial insemination. It proceeds like this: Leroy spanks and doses Maddy with a hormonal supplement, Maddy orgasms first upon hearing that her insurance pays for the hormones and then several times more after being double-teamed by two female doctors wielding a vibrating, sperm-injecting turkey baster. As the author narrates the story from the side, an exotic dancer playfully strips off a lab coat and bra, flosses between her legs with a stethoscope, and shoots white liquid out of a syringe. And all along everyone laughs because—clearly—none of this is hot…or is it? comedypornographysubjectivityhailingeroticsaffectemotioncultureperformanceartificial inseminationapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nr8d947https://escholarship.org/content/qt5nr8d947/qt5nr8d947.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt96d633ww2012-04-18T12:17:59Zqt96d633wwCommodifying the Female Body: Outsourcing Surrogacy in a Global MarketBaumhofer, Emma2012-04-18Commodification of the human body and its services is frequently contested. However, certain forms of bodily commodification are treated differently than others and raise fundamental questions about ethics, class, race and gender, to name a few. What commonly goes unacknowledged, however, is that human bodies are already commodified on a daily basis in a myriad of ways. Not only do medical professionals routinely commodify the bodies of their patients, but many others, such as models, athletes, news casters and dancers also rely on their bodies, and the way their bodies look and function, to earn an income. What differentiates certain forms of bodily commodification, specifically of the female body, from other accepted forms? This paper explores commodification of the female body through the burgeoning trend of international surrogacy as well as the symbolic importance of non-market rhetoric when referencing accepted forms of commodification of the body. I am specifically studying the ways in which international surrogacy is portrayed and perceived in the media and the broader implications this has on western culture’s acceptance of and promotion of surrogacy in the context of outsourcing gestational services to female bodies in developing countries.surrogacygestationalIndiaAmericancommodificationaltruismbondingparentfertilitywomenapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/96d633wwhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt96d633ww/qt96d633ww.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7rd5j4692012-04-18T12:11:58Zqt7rd5j469“The Naughty Girl Reformed:” Femininity in Eighteenth-Century Children’s LiteratureBreimaier, Amy2012-04-18Studying the competing portrayals of young ladies in children’s books reveals, in part, the cultural contours of the eighteenth-century English Atlantic. In her 2004 article, “Stripping for the Wolf,” Elizabeth Marshall called for the exploration and analysis of competing representations of femininity in children’s literature. Diverse representations of girlhood and womanhood emerge in the interactions between female characters and in individual character's internal reflections themselves. Reinforcing the notion that literary characters reflect the cultural changes and conflicts of their period, Marshall’s analytical model also moves literary analysis beyond simple content based methodologies. Though content analysis depends upon generalizations and reliable characterizations in a binary framework of male vs. female, Marshall’s poststructuralist feminist analysis recognizes that female characterizations in children’s texts “capture not so much the lived experience of girlhood as cultural struggles around gender, sexuality, and power.” This paper will highlight the appearance of those struggles in a brief number of eighteenth-century children’s texts.Children's literaturechildren's booksEighteenth CenturyFemininityEnglish AtlanticJohn NewberyIsaiah ThomasThe History of Little Goody TwoshoesThe Sugar PlumbThe Beauty and the MonsterThe Brother's Giftapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rd5j469https://escholarship.org/content/qt7rd5j469/qt7rd5j469.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7tf7s45b2012-04-18T12:05:55Zqt7tf7s45bRehabilitating Gender Roles: Girls in Texas’ Juvenile Justice System, 1949-1958Hughes, Allison2012-04-18Because American society in general viewed female juvenile delinquents as a challenge to established societal norms, the Texas Youth Commission, as well as other juvenile justice agencies in the United States, set forth policies, curriculums, rules, and regulations that attempted to extinguish the threat of subversive behaviors in delinquent youth. Juvenile crime was different, and anything that was unordinary from the American nuclear family was a perceived threat to the morality and national security of the United States. Legislators and other authority figures presented delinquent girls that participated in premarital sexual relationships, prostitution, or other disturbing or questionable behavior as a serious threat to the American family, and therefore to America’s political, economic, and social systems. The Texas Youth Commission created programs that reinforced societal norms to those who had strayed in order to teach good values to those whose education had been lacking. Ultimately, the Texas girls’ juvenile justice system used its authority to perpetuate race and gender constructs of the time through curricula, rules, and regulations within the Gainesville State School for Girls, Brady School for Negro Girls, and Crockett School for Colored Girls.Texasjeuvenile deliquencygenderreformatory schoolschildreneducationadolescentsPostwarCold Warcrimeapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tf7s45bhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7tf7s45b/qt7tf7s45b.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt78f522b72012-04-18T12:00:27Zqt78f522b7Criminal Reproduction: Early Eugenics and Gendered Imprisonment in CaliforniaJogoleff, Christina2012-04-18I am primarily concerned with the evidence that California led the nation in performing more than 20,000 compulsory sterilizations from 1909-1979 – this is more than 1/3 of all documented sterilizations in the United States. The history, taught in primary education classes and displayed on California’s website for teachers, students, and researchers, does not tell the story of Nazi scientists following and working alongside California eugenicists or how prevalent eugenics was within dominant ideas of economics, politics, and social policy during the early twentieth century. Instead, this period is described as “Progressivism,” and the ties with Nazi Germany are almost erased from public knowledge. It is precisely during the heyday of Eugenics that the first women’s facility is built in Tehachapi, when we see a shift from the pathogized woman to the criminalized one, and therefore eugenics should be included in a critical analysis of the prison industrial complex. Today, not only can California claim the highest incarceration rates in the nation, but two of the largest women’s facilities in the world are directly across the street from one another in Chowchilla. I argue that this accepted leadership should not only be something we are ashamed of, but that this history should be at the forefront of public memory and critiques of imprisonment, in order for contemporary racist forms of genocide to come to a halt. Looking at the parallels between the history of Eugenics and the upsurge of women’s facilities here in California exposes the intricate connections between their histories and their continued ideologies. Before demonstrating how prisons have become so naturalized within our society, I want to unpack how using Eugenics as a theoretical approach can be a tool to deconstruct its legacies within contemporary imprisonment.women prisonerseugenicsCaliforniaprison historymedical policyAugust Vollmerapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/78f522b7https://escholarship.org/content/qt78f522b7/qt78f522b7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7330d6hh2012-04-18T11:53:26Zqt7330d6hhO Que Não Dá Chupa: The Male-to-Female ‘Homosexual’ As Star of Brazil’s Economic BoomCosta, Diego2012-04-18Two of Brazil’s most re-occurring platitudes about itself are that Brazil is the country of the future, and that God is Brazilian. It would be of little surprise, then, that both fantasies -- one of divine kinship, the other of deferred salvation -- would merge so symbiotically when Brazil’s fetishized potential seems to finally find opportunities for materialization. Today, after all, Brazil is able to make previously unimaginable claims about how close it is to that utopian dictum stitched across its flag, and until recently, a perverse reminder of the gap between the fantasy of the State and the state of the State: “Order and Progress.” The thread used as raw material to keep the dream of the nation alive, in Brazil and elsewhere, has been, of course, the figure of the homosexual. Weaving heterosexuality away as negative homosexuality through painstaking quotidian iteration, theviado, or faggot, has served as yardstick for the construction of the normative Brazilian citizen as much as the concept of woman has functioned as necessary launching pad for the construction of the always already male Subject. If “the woman does not exist,” as Lacan reminds us, does the homosexual? Brazil’s recent bout with socio-economical “progress” seems to suggest that its Homosexual didn’t exist, as long as we predicate existence with public visibility. Yet this presence-absenceconditionof the Brazilian homosexual -- the sameviadowho guarantees the legitimacy of the heterosexist State through his constant annihilation and disavowal – takes center stage as that country experiences what it once could only imagine: 20 million people pulled out of poverty in the Lula years (2002-2010); the election of its first female (and rumored lesbian) president, Dilma Rousseff, in 2010); winning the rights to host the Olympics in 2016 and FIFA’s World Cup in 2014; the occupation of the Rio de Janeiro favelas by the police and the Army in 2010; and the ruling by the Brazilian Supreme court that same-sex couples are legally entitled to civil unions in 2011.BrazilLatin Americafinancial crisistransexualityqueernew mediatelevisiongayeconomic boomrepresentationapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7330d6hhhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7330d6hh/qt7330d6hh.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2hq9b23t2012-04-18T11:47:20Zqt2hq9b23tLorenza Böttner: Capitalist Success and (Queer) Failure in Chile's DictatorshipFischer, Carl2012-04-18As with any cultural history, the matter of creating one about Chile’s dictatorship is fraught with a number of political problems; the matter of creating aqueercultural history of the dictatorship is a somewhat related task, and as such it is all the more difficult. Cultural histories are often linked to literary canons, of course, defined as much by whom they exclude as by whom they include. In her 2011 bookThe Queer Art of Failure, Judith Halberstam connects the writing of queer historiography, and its ensuing canonical implications, with capitalist rhetoric of success and failure: critiquing the way “we are so endlessly seduced by the idea that sexual expression is in and of itself a revolutionary act” (150), she cautions against the cliché of describing “early narratives of gay and lesbian life as ‘hidden from history,’” based on ideas that render “gay and lesbian history as a repressed archive and the historian as an intrepid archaeologist digging through homophobic erasure to find the truth” (148). Those recovered are the “winners,” written into history and posterity; but Halberstam is also interested in the “failures” in queer history, that is, those whose narratives are not necessarily politically convenient or “palatable.” My aim here is to intervene in the queer cultural history, and the canon, of Chile’s dictatorship; however, I am going to be wary not only of writing a clichéd paper that, as Halberstam says, “locates the plucky queer as a heroic freedom fighter in a world of puritans” (150), to invert the “winners” and “losers” in historical and political narratives.capitalistqueerChileBolañoLorenzaBöttnerLemebelFailureHalberstamDictatorshipapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hq9b23thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2hq9b23t/qt2hq9b23t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt130070f92012-04-18T11:41:46Zqt130070f9La Rabia: Violence, Gender and Childhood in the Argentinean PampasJosiowicz, Alejandra2012-04-18This paper addresses questions of contemporary gender and feminist theory through an analysis of the figure of the little girl inLa Rabia(2008), a film by Albertina Carri,one of the leading young figures of what has been called New Argentine Cinema.La Rabiais a horrific tale of family violence set in the arid Argentinean pampas, focused through the eyes of Nati, a mute little girl who acts as a silent spectator as she watches her mother’s submission to her authoritarian patriarchal father, and witnesses her sadomasochistic sexual relations with another man. Nati unconsciously identifies with her mother, both in the domestic scene with the father and in the sexual act with the perverse lover, and mimics her through a set of autistic symptoms that echo the gendered violence inflicted on the maternal body. Nati expresses herself through three set of symptoms: firstly, letting out some primal, inarticulate, animal yells; secondly, taking her clothes off in public compulsively and spontaneously; and thirdly, drawing some terrified scribbles that take on a life of their own (which are represented in the film through watercolor, ink- based animation). In these three ways, Nati turns her helplessness -her disability-, her speech and general linguistic impairment, into a repetitive performance of gender violence.genderlittle girlviolencespectatorsensory-motormotheryellscribblecompulsionsymptomapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/130070f9https://escholarship.org/content/qt130070f9/qt130070f9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8p7123fr2012-04-18T11:35:55Zqt8p7123frPerformative Metaphors: The "Doing" of Image by Women in Mariachi MusicSoto Flores, Leticia Isabel2012-04-18Although research concerning metaphor in and about music is common in music studies, I would like to propose an alternative way of approaching metaphor as it relates to performance. Philosopher John L. Austin, in coining the word "performative," refers to the meaningof utterances, or spoken words, as the "doing" of the action that it accomplishes(Austin 1978: 5-6). Although this is the case with spoken words, what happens with the "doing" that has no words? For this, I refer to feminist Judith Butler's notion of "bodily action." In understanding the relationship between the speech act and the bodily act, Butler writes, "there is what is said, and then there is a kind of saying that the 'bodily instrument' of the utterance performs" (Butler 1997: 11).Actions are thus to be understood as performative metaphors, which are effective in bringing about the situation they represent, using an image rather than words.The image created and negotiated by women mariachi musicians, both in their verbal descriptions of themselves as well as the non-verbal "doing" of their image, affirms the idea that ametaphor is not merely a linguistic mechanism; metaphors can also be performed, meaning that one does not have to "say" something to enact a metaphorical truth-value. A performance, for example, is a public action in which meanings are manifested into actions (and words) that stand for something else.In the following, I will illustrate briefly how metaphors can be performed, not through the music itself, but through the image presented by female mariachi musicians.mariachi musicmariachi imagewomen in mariachigendermetaphorperformativefemale bodybodily actionall-femaletraje de charroapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8p7123frhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8p7123fr/qt8p7123fr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3wz6463h2012-04-18T11:06:55Zqt3wz6463hChoreographing Collective Intersectional Identities in Reflejo de la Diosa Luna’s ‘Migración’ PerformanceMartinez-Vu, Yvette2012-04-18For this presentation, I want to focus on one of FOMMA’s central missions: to stage how embodied gender dynamics in performance play a role in promoting a collective intersectionalidentity. Specifically, I will investigate Reflejo de la Diosa Luna’s “Migración” (1996) to underscore that identity is not only performed but also choreographed and gendered. Particularly, I am focusing on the shared, though distinctive, experience of intersectionality among indigenous women in Mexico. The term “intersectionality,” is borrowed from Kimberle Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality in which she questions the ways that experiences of Black women are excluded because feminism presumes whiteness and blackness assumes masculinity. In this case, I would add that studies of indigeneity most often elide the issues of gender that oppress indigenous women. This presentation will focus on two performance strategies aimed at critiquing gendered indigenous roles for women: cross-dressing and a materialist use of objects. I argue that the forms of cross-dressing employed and the ways performers cite or use objects define their body techniques and forms of identification. I argue that the performer modifies her body movements depending on the character she plays and the contextual factors of the performance. She uses objects to situate the body and the scene. In doing so, the performer provides alternative options for gendered representations, which in turn influence representations of indigeneity.body techniquescross-dressinggender identityintersectionalityobjectschoreographyFOMMAindigenous performancetheaterapplication/pdfCC-BY-NC-NDeScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3wz6463hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3wz6463h/qt3wz6463h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7p36d41m2011-07-03T15:15:36Zqt7p36d41mAging in Place: Smith, Media Texts and the Invisible Gendered CaregiverStorelli, Elizangela2010-04-01This paper addresses a hidden variable underlying the recent phenomena of ―aging in place.‖ That variable is the degree to which aging in place relies on women‘s caregiving. Seeking to understand the connection between aging in place and gendered caregiving, and to explore the effects of aging in place on the social condition of women caregivers, this paper utilizes a feminist theoretical perspective presented by Dorothy E. Smith to examine popular texts on aging in place. Smith suggested that texts are means by which the male dominated relations of ruling exercise power over women by patterning the actual daily existence of women‘s lives (Smith 1990). Adopting this foundation, this paper considers texts on aging in place with the objective of learning how the texts pattern the aging in place process and how the process creates and reproduces power over women and maintains gender inequality. Popular texts on aging in place describe the process as one that both provides independence and can be independently achieved. By ignoring and devaluing the work of caregivers involved in the aging in place process, these texts ultimately work to reproduce women‘s financial disadvantages and limit women‘s participation in positions of power.Geriatric Nursingcare workgenderaging in placeDorothy E. Smithtext analysisapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7p36d41mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7p36d41m/qt7p36d41m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4w7712x42011-07-03T12:07:19Zqt4w7712x4Arab Skin, French Masks: ‘Ni Putes, Ni Soumises’ and the Assimilationist Discourses in FranceLindbom, Camille2009-02-01In my research, I look at the relationship between the French state and its postcolonial immigrants from North Africa, better known in France as (the rather derogatory term) ‘les Arabes’. I am interested in particular in how assimilationist discourses in France shape the ‘acceptable’ behaviors of the Arab1 subjects. My point here is to show how these discourses create racialized and gendered conditions of entrance into the wider community of citizens.postcolonialFanceNorth AfricaArabcitizenshipapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4w7712x4https://escholarship.org/content/qt4w7712x4/qt4w7712x4.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2jc4v0hs2011-07-03T12:07:14Zqt2jc4v0hsWomen’s Participation Issue and Analysis of Woman Organization Structure in Turkey: A Comparison of KA.DER (Association for Supporting and Training Women Candidates) and Türk Kadınlar Birliği (Turkish Women Union)Göl, Nuray2009-02-01The main aim of this paper is to examine the extent of Women’s participation in politics from woman organizations perspective. That is to say, to inquire how Women organizations struggle with representation inequality, and to lay out the different ways of their struggle.politicswomen's organizationsTurkishapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jc4v0hshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2jc4v0hs/qt2jc4v0hs.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0fv6t1jg2011-07-03T08:52:22Zqt0fv6t1jgQueering the Horse-Crazy Girl: Part IIHansen, Natalie Corinne2008-02-01This paper continues my examination of horse-crazy girls, contrasting two representations of girl-horse love in order to argue for a revaluation of this love. I suggest that popular framings of girl-horse love reconfirm existing systems of power and powerlessness, for girls, the women they become, and for horses. I begin with an analysis of Hasbro’s popular My Little PonyTM line of toys, which, I argue, sexualizes girls and girl-horse love, demeaning female subjectivity and agency and dismissing the significance of cross-species interactivity. I argue that these toys enforce conventional heteronormative developmental narratives in which horse-love is considered a transitional phase, with horses as transitional objects, giving way, with maturity, to reproductive heterosexuality. I continue with a reading of Enid Bagnold’s National Velvet, which, I argue, presents its girl protagonist as both a quintessential horse-crazy girl and as very queer. Employing theories of female fetishism, queer embodiment, and companion species philosophies, my analysis focuses on the agency of girls and the types of subjectivities that they enact with their horse partners. My critique of popular representations of girl-horse love and my presentation of an alternative reading take seriously the premise that how we imagine what we are shapes what we can become. In conclusion, I ask how alternative imaginaries for girls, the women they become, and horses, by re-appraising the embodied relationships as co-constitutive and intra-active, might open up possibilities for different practices, subjectivities, and agencies that challenge heteronormative and androcentric ideologies and practices.girlshorsesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0fv6t1jghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0fv6t1jg/qt0fv6t1jg.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8mw4w2br2011-07-03T08:50:49Zqt8mw4w2brSentimental Structures of Feeling and ‘Queer’ Female Caretaking in Susan Warner’s The Wide, Wide World (1850)Ansley, Jennifer2009-02-01After being left by her parents in the care of her unfeeling, economy-minded Aunt Fortune, Ellen Montgomery learns that Fortune has been withholding letters sent to her by her dying mother. Ellen runs, homesick and grief-stricken, to the arms of her best friend and spiritual mentor, Alice Humphreys, who later convinces Fortune to let her deliver one of the kept letters to an ailing Ellen.melodramatic aestheticcaretakingemotional lifecorporeal dependencyqueerkinshipapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8mw4w2brhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8mw4w2br/qt8mw4w2br.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt48v695022011-07-03T08:50:12Zqt48v69502Lesbian “Femininity” on TelevisionHimberg, Julia2008-02-01Where once characters were coded as lesbian but the word was never uttered, TV shows now center their narratives around openly lesbian characters. Battles among audience members, the press, and members of the TV industry reveal a fierce debate about how to define femininity in the context of lesbian sexuality. Programs such as The L Word, Work Out, and South of Nowhere have been criticized for portraying lesbians as stereotypically feminine. These images however cannot be dismissed as simply reifying rigid gender roles; instead, I argue that these shows depict a particularly class-based expression of femininity. Characters are coded as high class, wealthy, and sophisticated through fashion, expensive cars and homes, and powerful jobs. Lesbian femininity in these shows is embodied in the characters’ successful achievement of cultural capital, which neutralizes their sexual difference. The shows’ signifiers are of class, not sexual orientation, displacing lesbianism as the primary marker of identity. At the same time, the unquestioned use of hegemonic norms of cultural capital reveals the limits of difference. Expanding Pierre Bourdieu’s idea of cultural capital to focus on the materialist context of U.S. society, this analysis outlines the structures difference for lesbian sexuality on TV. I examine the construction of a specifically lesbian femininity among TV characters and personalities not as a queer reading but as an attempt to understand the tensions at work in what it means to be female and lesbian on TV. These dynamics cut to the heart of debates about LGBT visibility, representation, and the ongoing battle for civil rights.portrayals of homosexualitylesbian television characterslesbian femininityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/48v69502https://escholarship.org/content/qt48v69502/qt48v69502.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt596279xz2011-07-03T08:48:06Zqt596279xzReOrienting Asian/American Subjectivities: On the Cultural (Re)Writings of All- American GirlAh-Sue, Geraldine2009-02-01As cultural spaces of the twenty-first century become further entrenched in a climate of intense globalization, the relationship between cultural representations and transnational capitalism is becoming ever more intimate. This paper treats U.S. popular culture as a primary site of economic globalization, as an “arena of consent and resistance […] where hegemony arises, and where it is secured” (Hall, 2002, 192), and examines how U.S. economic interests are used to (re)produce and (re)write geopolitical histories, legacies, and memories into the gender and racial representations of Asian/American subjectivities. To this end, the short-lived 1994-1995 ABC series All-American Girl will be considered as a critical space where histories can be (re)composed and subjectivities (re)imagined.Asian Americanpopular cultureKorean Americanapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/596279xzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt596279xz/qt596279xz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9d0860x72011-07-03T07:07:21Zqt9d0860x7Covering Muslim Women at the Beach: Media Representations of the BurkiniFitzpatrick, Shanon2009-02-01Around January 2007, a bathing suit designed for Muslim women became a media sensation. The multi-piece, water-repellent suits, designed especially for women who practice sartorial hijab, cover all of a woman’s body except the face, hands, and feet. Although multiple companies sell these swimsuits, which retail for $100-$200, the one that has received the most media attention is the Australia-based brand Ahiida, which trademarked the name “Burqini.” The press around the world eagerly adopted this portmanteau of “burqa” and “bikini,” and generally refers to all full-body swimsuits marketed to modestly-dressing women as “burkinis.”Muslim womenburkiniswim wearapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d0860x7https://escholarship.org/content/qt9d0860x7/qt9d0860x7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8h2563232011-07-03T07:06:45Zqt8h256323“Penetrating Knowledge and Attacking Mysteries: The Cases of Dracula and Dora”Gottlieb, Christine2008-02-01I look at how two works of the fin de siècle, Bram Stoker’s Dracula and Sigmund Freud’s Dora: An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria, illustrate a gynaecologically-influenced desire to penetrate the mysteries of female sexuality. Penetration in Dracula ranges from vampiric biting to the sexually charged blood transfusions and extravagantly violent stakings that Dr. Van Helsing commands. Freud’s penetration of Dora is a subtler, yet equally antagonistic attempt to combat the mystery hysteria poses by combating the woman who represents it. I look at images of penetration, both dramatically enacted and metaphorical, and the ways in which they concern knowledge acquisition. The production of knowledge is shown as a form of penetration: a thrusting of one’s ideology into the body of the mystery, through the gaze, psychological examination, or physical probing. In both texts, this penetration uncovers still more penetration, as the pathologized sexualities represented by hysteria and vampirism are traced to predatory male influences such as Herr K. and Count Dracula. Doctors in both texts create spaces in which they are sanctioned to penetrate or attack mysteries through penetrating or attacking women, and their methods are analogous to those of the predatory male forces. This results in a complex construction of female bodies as open or closed spaces to be penetrated or protected, depending on the situation and the man who desires access.female sexualitysexual images in fictionsexualized gazeapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8h256323https://escholarship.org/content/qt8h256323/qt8h256323.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt45n5r8gm2011-07-03T07:06:05Zqt45n5r8gmReading Funny Lipsticks through Jihad: The Politics of Feminism and Nationalism in Iranian-American Women’s MemoirsTahani-Bidmeshki, Amy2007-02-01In my paper, I explore the cross-sections of nationalism and feminism in the autobiographical text of Iranian-American writer Firoozeh Dumas. My interest focuses on the expressions of her political experiences within the discourses of nationalism and feminism and how her discussions of the Islamic Revolution of 1979 allow her to participate in “self-Orientalizing” while subscribing to the capitalist value system through demonstrations of being a “model immigrant.” By focusing on her choice of genre (the autobiography/memoir), I consider how her discussion of the Revolution and its consequences embraces liberal feminist ideals and therefore erases crucial elements of the progressive struggles in pre- and post Revolution Iran. The question then remains whether texts such as Funny in Farsi propagate misconceptions about Iranians and the Revolution and therefore function as sites of “human-made” disaster with repercussions for progressive possibilities in both the nationalist and feminist landscapes. Further, the recent explosion and popularity of Iranian-American women’s memoirs points to a limited view in the United States’ public sphere of a complex people and history without much regard for the progressive platform from which this dynamic and multifaceted revolution sprung nearly thirty years ago. One wonders then to what extent these texts help promote or encourage preexisting Orientalist views and attitudes towards Iran and the Middle East, especially since these writers such as Dumas stem from an upper-middle class background that embraces the values of the class-based system of the United States.nationalismfeminismIranian-Americanmemoirapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/45n5r8gmhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt45n5r8gm/qt45n5r8gm.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5fm1q70t2011-07-03T07:04:18Zqt5fm1q70tThe Malleable Man: The International YMCA and Christian Manhood, 1890-1940Schwinn, Paul2009-02-01In the summer of 1936 Hitler’s Nazi regime co-opted the prestige of the Berlin Summer Olympics by using sweeping victories and a title wave of propaganda to prove the racial superiority of blue-eyed, blond-haired Germans. 1 This narrative is familiar to most people. A lesser known story is that of the international YMCA’s involvement in the Games. In 1935 the Y distributed newsletters, pamphlets, and other printed materials all advertising the 1936 Olympics as an event of international and interracial Christian Brotherhood. Christian athletes and coaches from China, Japan, the Philippines, India, and the United States came to Berlin, not only to represent their nations, but also to represent the YMCA’s mission. The Y encouraged its members from all over the globe to come to the Olympics and celebrate the YMCA’s contribution to sports, Christianity, and manhood. While the Y’s effort achieved nowhere near the coordination, publicity, or success of the Nazi effort, the international YMCA’s relationship to the 1936 Olympics provided a stark ideological contrast to that of Nazi Germany.2YMCAOlympicsBerlin Summer Olympicsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fm1q70thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5fm1q70t/qt5fm1q70t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt23d2b5d82011-07-03T07:03:01Zqt23d2b5d8Ladyboys and Good Sons: Contemporary Gender Identity in Northern Thai Trance DanceSakamoto, Michael2009-02-01Founded in the 13th Century as a kingdom, the Lanna region of northern Thailand stretches across parts of northern Burma, northern Laos, and a small portion of southern China. Lanna society retains its own alphabet, dialects, as well as visual culture. Additionally, Lanna spiritual practices are largely Animist in origin. Belief systems and rituals that go back possibly over a millennium and refer to humans’ relationship with and dependence on spirits of the dead are found in various forms throughout the region. Prominent among these is the Chiang Mai region, including the cities and surrounding areas of Chiang Mai, Lamphun, and Lampang.Lanna regionThailanddanceSoutheast Asiaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/23d2b5d8https://escholarship.org/content/qt23d2b5d8/qt23d2b5d8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0445n48d2011-07-03T07:00:35Zqt0445n48dWho Will Care for the Orphans? Women’s Contributions during China’s War against Japan (1937-1945)Barnes, Nicole Elizabeth2009-02-01On July 7, 1939 Japan’s Imperial Army sparked an 8-year war against China with a battle at Lugouqiao (Marco Polo Bridge) near Beiping. The Japanese army then began invading cities all along the eastern coast of China, and by December 1937 the capital Nanjing fell. The first provisional capital, Wuhan, fell in October 1938. The Nationalist Government then moved further inland to the city of Chongqing in Sichuan province [show maps & explain strategic location]. For the remainder of the war, Chongqing was subject to a total of 268 air raids from Japanese bombers, which targeted civilian residences, business districts, schools, and hospitals. There is no conclusive tally of the numbers of people killed and wounded in Chongqing throughout the war, but the existing records are staggering.ChinaJapanwaradoptionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0445n48dhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0445n48d/qt0445n48d.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5w43j47r2011-07-03T07:00:16Zqt5w43j47rWolf Children and the Discourse of AnimalityNath, Dipika2007-02-01Cary Wolfe says, “It is crucial to pay critical attention to the discourse of animality quite irrespective of the issue of how nonhuman animals are treated… because the discourse of animality has historically served as a crucial strategy in the oppression of humans by other humans—a strategy whose legitimacy and force depend, however, on the prior taking for granted of the traditional ontological distinction, and consequent ethical divide, between human and nonhuman animals. … Even though the discourse of animality and species difference may theoretically be applied to an other of whatever type, the consequences of that discourse, in institutional terms, fall overwhelmingly on nonhuman animals” (Zoontologies, 2003: xx).animalitynonhuman animalspostcolonialqueerfeministapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w43j47rhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5w43j47r/qt5w43j47r.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8nz6307p2011-07-03T06:59:28Zqt8nz6307pThinking Feeling: Gender and Emotion in 2008 Presidential CampaignsPeacock, Laurel2009-02-01What has been called the “affective turn” at this year’s MLA reflects a growing interest in questions of emotion and affect in humanities research. My own work makes use of theories of emotion and affect to think about modern and contemporary poetry, and my feminist approach to this research has led me to seek out theories of affect that account for gender, or to critique or reformulate theories that don’t. I will give a brief account of what I have found in this area of theoretical research, and demonstrate how I think it can add dimension to political analysis through a look at the gendering of emotion in the recent election.affectemotiongenderpoetrycampaignsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8nz6307phttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8nz6307p/qt8nz6307p.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6kd440m72011-07-03T06:59:16Zqt6kd440m7“In the world but not of it”: Adrian Dominican Sisters Negotiating Modernity Through The Body, 1933-39Dilkes Mullins, Elizabeth2009-02-01In her first letter to the community as Mother General, Mother Mary Gerald Barry of the Adrian Dominicans in southeast Michigan instructed Sisters to put God in the center of their lives and pray for others. Pray for patience, she instructed. Be a joy to your Community now and always. See that you have the right disposition; that you are a real Dominican; …It is not so much what we do but the spirit in which we do it that marks us as religious.1 To be “religious” meant to be a part of a religious order, a person professed to a life in the service of God and the Church- the opposite of which was “worldly.” She concluded her advice to the Sisters with “We are in the world but not of it” a frequently used phrase to remind Sisters of the place they occupied as Catholic women religious- inside but not attached to a mainstream “world” of material objects and ideas incongruent to Church doctrine. To be “in the world but not of it” spoke of a requirement for all Sisters2 set by the Church before Vatican II.3 They must live in two environments simultaneously- the larger world of schools, hospitals, and retirement communities where they served and the convent, built on rules from the Middle Ages, where they lived. The measuring stick by which they were judged to have the “right disposition” and be “imbued” with religious spirit existed within the signals given off from their well-trained bodies.bodiesreligionnunsnormativeperformanceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kd440m7https://escholarship.org/content/qt6kd440m7/qt6kd440m7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9x66v13h2011-07-03T06:57:49Zqt9x66v13hMake Your Move: What we know and what we need to know about gender, group identity and the formation of critical consciousness for teen girls’ activismMcKibben, Susan2009-02-01Which factors contribute to high school-aged young women’s participation in feminist or anti-sexist activism, and what does that participation imply for their future collective action against sexism? Work on gender identity, community service, critical consciousness, and feminism suggests intriguing possibilities, but studies making connections between these elements are scarce, particularly for 14-18 year-olds.young women's activismfeminist participationanti-sexisthigh school-agedapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x66v13hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9x66v13h/qt9x66v13h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt77k5j4212011-07-03T06:55:46Zqt77k5j421Wartime Feminists in the City of Ram: Women’s Movement in the City of Guangzhou during the Second World WarCheung, Roanna2009-02-01The Second World War, better known in China as the Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945), fundamentally changed the fate of the country. Faced with this national crisis, two leading parties, the Guomindang (GMD, or the Nationalist Party) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formed a united front to resist their common enemy, while citizens all over the country were motivated to support the cause of national salvation. People in Guangzhou, the provincial capital of Guangdong Province in southern China, were no exception. As the center of activism for Chinese revolutionaries and the capital of the Nationalist Party in the early twentieth century, wartime Guangzhou remained the gathering place where contemporary patriots created a war resistance movement and even encouraged local women to participate in the effort of national salvation. However, very few studies have been conducted on the activities and views of local female activists during this significant historical moment. This study examines the national identity of Guangzhou female activists through their war activism and self-perceptions.sisterhoodactivismChinaJapanapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/77k5j421https://escholarship.org/content/qt77k5j421/qt77k5j421.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt83r2t6tt2011-07-03T06:51:45Zqt83r2t6ttReading Female Bodies: Deformity, Gender and Fortunetelling in Frances Burney’s CamillaLocke, Jennifer2009-02-01The introduction to “Every Lady’s own Fortune-Teller,” published in 1791, outlines the procedure for reading the future for others in astrological signs, palms, faces, and cards, before suggesting that “A looking glass will supply your own occasions, if you consult for yourself.” Several fortunetelling manuals directed to women were published in the late eighteenth century, and their popularity points to a cultural anxiety concerning the difficulty of predicting and controlling women’s lives1. As fortunetelling manuals and games from the period suggest, popular imagination often linked the futures of individual women to signs on their bodies, equating their physical traits with their intellectual or moral capacities. This kind of reading makes women vulnerable not only to false ideas about their own futures but also to exposure and seduction as they become objects of a scrutiny that is both scientific and voyeuristic.fictionfemale bodiesgenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/83r2t6tthttps://escholarship.org/content/qt83r2t6tt/qt83r2t6tt.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt69g2r3s02011-07-03T06:45:12Zqt69g2r3s0Militarized Vulnerabilities: The Minutemen, Exemplary Citizenship And Moral MasculinityOliviero, Katie2009-02-01The border is as much as performance staging national boundaries and state authority, as it is a material boundary.i The anti-immigration groups that I collectively refer to as the Minutemen (MM) have also publicly described their sensationalist monitoring of the border and labor sites as a form of political theater. When the Minutemen Civil Defense Corps, led by Chris Simcox, constructs a border fence on private land, or the San Diego Minutemen inspired by director Jim GilChrist “observe” labor sites, they claim that they are “shocking” us into attention about the illegal immigration “state of emergency”ii and the inadequacies of national policy.iii This paper examines how these groups use a sensational, theatrical repertoire of tactics to update abstracted ideals of citizenship with more emotional and political purchase.anti-immigrationborderpolitical theatercitizenshipundocumented migrant laborapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/69g2r3s0https://escholarship.org/content/qt69g2r3s0/qt69g2r3s0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt93q653942011-07-03T06:45:03Zqt93q65394Abstinence Makes the State Grow Stronger: The Politics of Sex Education in Croatia*Budesa, Joan2009-02-01As the title of my paper suggests the subject matter deals with the Republic of Croatia and its policy on sex education. Similar to many former socialist countries, the religious authorities in Croatia have taken an influential role in the affairs of the state. My aim in this paper is to demonstrate how the interjection of a church-backed sex education policy into the public sphere fuels the imagery of heterosexual nationalism among Croatian citizens. A movement that produces and reinforces notions of ethnoheterosexualism. I use the term “ethno-heterosexual” to emphasize the particularities of the relationship between heterosexuality and Croatian nationalism. Borrowing from Joane Nagel’s concept of ethnosexuality, in which she claims that “ethnic boundaries are also sexual boundaries,” I extend the concept to foreground how the interplay between ethnicity and religion galvanize to produce a hyper-heterosexualized Croatian national body. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s theory of discourse, I interrogate how state and church apparatus channel power through ethnically charged heterosexual discourses to discipline citizen’s bodies. This perspective carves out a lens through which we can see how church-backed values map onto the social body, grounding ethno-heterosexuality as a form of social control that shores up Croatia’s institutional power.Republic of Croatiapolicysex educationethno-heterosexualismethno-heterosexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/93q65394https://escholarship.org/content/qt93q65394/qt93q65394.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7mx748j72011-07-03T06:44:47Zqt7mx748j7Queering the Welfare Queen: A Black Feminist Reading of Daniel Peddle's The AggressivesDeClue, Jennifer2009-02-01In this paper I examine the social construction of the welfare queen and the ways queer black womanhood impacts this construction by examining the depiction of Octavia in Daniel Peddle’s documentary film The Aggressives (2005).black feminismblack womanhoodqueerwelfareapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mx748j7https://escholarship.org/content/qt7mx748j7/qt7mx748j7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt16j6q39s2011-07-03T06:37:31Zqt16j6q39sThe Intersection of Feminism and Disability Theory in Sylvia Plath’s The Bell JarMaple, Jeni2009-02-01One effect of the increasing interest in disability as an identity category over the past few decades has been the examination of representations of disability in literature. Although Sylvia Plath’s 1963 novel The Bell Jar is not typically read from the perspective of disability theory, Esther’s identity is shaped not just by her experiences as a woman, but as a disabled woman. For this reason, Esther’s experiences cannot be fully explained by either feminism or disability theory independently; some combination of the two is needed. While scholars have long advocated the lens of feminism in reading The Bell Jar, the implications of disability theory for the novel have not been explored.disability studiesdisability theoryliteraturefeminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/16j6q39shttps://escholarship.org/content/qt16j6q39s/qt16j6q39s.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt47g9s00n2011-07-03T06:32:07Zqt47g9s00n“Who You Calling a Bitch?” Black Women’s Complicity and Production of Mass Media Hip Hop MisogynyCheers, Imani M2008-02-01Break-dancing, graffiti art, Djing and emceeing are the foundations of the international artistic phenomenon known as hip hop. What began as a local form of urban cultural expression by young African-American and Latino youth in South Bronx, New York, in the late 1970s, has become a mass media global sensation. In this context, mass media refers to television, video, film, radio, print and the Internet. While the foundations of this art form are rooted in social inequality and injustice, the current state of hip hop is in a crisis of sadistic contradictions. Today, the culture that I have been active in for two decades as a supporter (personal level) and producer (professional level) has betrayed me. Hip hop has evolved into a misogynistic culture filled with violent rhetoric and degrading images of black women. As a popular medium, hip hop has become a billion dollar industry. This paper asks (1) why do black women support and produce misogynistic images and the industry that creates these, and (2) how are concerned black women responding? This paper will examine published works by hip-hop feminist journalists, activists, and scholars who are critiquing this mass media genre from a black feminist thought perspective, questioning black women’s complicity and production of misogynistic representation of black women. Theoretically and methodologically, I will focus on black feminist thought as a component of critical social theory through a primary source literature review.women in Hip Hopapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/47g9s00nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt47g9s00n/qt47g9s00n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1rs9870r2011-07-03T06:32:03Zqt1rs9870rMolina’s Touch and Dorda’s Music: The Schizophrenia of Gender in Post-dictatorial Argentine FictionBhaumik, Munia2008-02-01This paper proposes to analyze the “woman question” in relation to tropes of schizophrenia in post-dictatorial queer Argentine fiction. Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guttari’s claim in Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia states: “schizoanalysis must devote itself with all its strength to the necessary destructions….. Destroying beliefs and representations, theatrical scenes. And when engaged in this task no activity will be too malevolent.” Similarly, Manuel Puig’s El Beso de la mujer araña (1983) and Ricardo Piglia’s Plata quemada (1997) take up the question of schizophrenia to bring forth a critique of gender normativity under both dictatorial and neo-liberal rule in Argentina. The novels appear as literary challenges to mass culture’s drive for cultural homogenization and historical revision. Whereas Molina employs mimicry to destabilize gender normativity, Dorda exposes the illegitimacy of the rhetoric of criminality under the dictadura económica. However, tender moments in the texts transgress external violence and disrupt the invisible hand and smooth surface of televisual space. This disruption provokes a question on how gender emerges as schizophrenia. Drawing from Hannah Arendt, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guttari, this paper analyses Puig’s and Piglia’s reformulations of “minority” subjectivities in general and the relationship between schizophrenia and gender normativity in particular. Deleuze and Guattari’s analysis of schizophrenia and capitalism provides a departure for producing an alternate theory of the alienated, queer and gendered subject in what the Argentine intellectual Beatriz Sarlo has termed the “zapping age.” Playing with realist time and structure, Puig and Piglia unravel European and Argentinean archetypes of civilización and barbaria as well as female and male. Molina’s and Dorda’s voices, necessarily passionate and fragmented, speak from the double status of being in between man and woman, queer and citizen as they also disrupt the naturalness of these categories. Instead of catatonic and sedentary consumers usurped by the television screen, las reinas represent a nomadic and daring deterritorialized subject that challenges the transparency of reading for gender. What then does “schizoanalysis” provide for re-thinking the very field of women’s studies?schizophrenia in post-dictatorial queer Argentine fictionGilles DeleuzeFelix GuttariManuel PuigEl Beso de la mujer arañaRicardo PigliaPlata quemadaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rs9870rhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1rs9870r/qt1rs9870r.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1n9994gz2011-07-03T06:27:31Zqt1n9994gzI am Black AND Jewish: Black Jewish Women’s Experiences in “White” Jewish Communities in BrazilGondek, Abby S.2008-02-01Afro-Brazilian Jewish women struggle against racism, sexism and classism within their Jewish communities, but they continue to practice Judaism and raise their children Jewish. They affirm their identities as both Black and Jewish in the face of rejection from white Jewish communities as well as their Afro-Brazilian communities.Because Brazil has consistently made efforts to make Jews into symbols of otherness and at the same time rhetorically valued the mulato identity as a symbol of brasilidade (“Brazilianness”), Jews are seen as foreign parasites, light-skinned Blacks are symbols of authentic Brazilian identity, dark-skinned Blacks are invisible, and Jews and Blacks are irreparably separated from each other. In addition the rhetorical valuation of the “mulata” and the devaluation of the Jew, places the Black Jewish women I interviewed (who are lighter-skinned black women) in between what is symbolically valued and devalued in Brazil, literally in the border between “us” and “them.”The Brazilian state appropriates and utilizes beneficial aspects of racial others to advertise its modernity, while oppressing the unwanted parts. The Brazilian state portrayed Jews as “economically desirable,” but “politically inexpedient,” (Lesser, 2005, p. 36). “Mulata” women are sexually valorized and considered erotic, but only through commodification and objectification (Lilly, 2007, p. 61). The Brazilian state claims acceptance based on its appropriation and utilization of the Jewish or Black culture, but continues to enact racism and anti-Semitism (Barcelos, 1999, Barroso, 1999; Berdichevski, 2001; Lesser, 1995, 2005; Lilly, 2007; Reichmann, 1995).JudaismAfro-Brazilianracismanti-Semitismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n9994gzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1n9994gz/qt1n9994gz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9735p8w72011-07-03T06:27:16Zqt9735p8w7Becoming “Beautiful” … Becoming “American”? A Study on Constructions of Beauty and Identity Among Korean and Filipina Women in the United StatesOh, Hyeyoung2008-02-01How do Korean and Filipina women engage in beauty and bodywork, to reconcile issues of ethnicity, identity, and beauty within American society? The minority status of Asians in the United States results in the adoption of basic Anglo-Saxon beauty ideals by Korean and Filipina women. Divergent assimilation experiences in the United States however create different pathways for these women to engage in beauty and bodywork. I analyze interviews conducted in 2005, with 9 Korean and 11 Filipina women, who were selected through a snowball method. The Korean and Filipina women’s beauty rhetoric indicate similar beauty ideologies in terms of ideal beauty and body types. Differences in rhetoric among these women arose in how they identified their looks within American culture. Korean women explained their beauty ideals by referencing social class, while Filipina women referenced the social culture they associated with (i.e., black culture). Differences among these women were even more prevalent within beauty work. Korean women were actively working to maintain white body ideals (i.e., weight) more so than their Filipina counterparts. The women’s responses reflect the ways in which assimilation experiences and gender stereotypes affect how these women engage in beauty and bodywork.ideals for beautyKorean womenFilipina womenbodyworkapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9735p8w7https://escholarship.org/content/qt9735p8w7/qt9735p8w7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4w6765cx2011-07-03T06:26:16Zqt4w6765cxNew Nurses in a New South: Filipina Americans, Resistance, and Crises of Professionalization*deGuzman, Jean-Paul2009-02-01This paper considers the means through which Filipina nurses grappled with the social and political terrains of their new lives in America—as workers, women of color, and as Filipina Americans. Using the microscopic texture of one woman’s oral history—that of my mother Felilia Lanete Rosas—will hopefully elucidate the macroscopic issues of immigration, social and political resistance, and race relations within and beyond the workplace. Her narrative reveals how Filipina American nurses in states such as Alabama and Texas, negotiated multiple identities, spaces, and fields of power. On the one hand her and her fellow nurses were trained professionals armed with university degrees and medical expertise. On the other hand, they were women of color whose presence was a result of America’s colonial legacy in the Philippines.1nursingFilipina AmericansFilipinaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4w6765cxhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4w6765cx/qt4w6765cx.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt71d7q0232011-07-03T06:20:41Zqt71d7q023The Ultimate Job Interview: Institutional Influences on Egg Donor Motivation and IdentityHaylett, Jennifer2009-02-01In recent years, reproductive technologies and their usage have proliferated. Since, in vitro fertilization (known as IVF) was first developed in Britain in the 1970s, this technology has paved the way for egg retrieval and donation specifically from a third party, which was first successful in Australia in 1984 (Haimes, 1993; Lessor, 1993)i.in vitro fertilizationegg donationreproductionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/71d7q023https://escholarship.org/content/qt71d7q023/qt71d7q023.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt56f2x8742011-07-03T05:53:34Zqt56f2x874Fantastic Interventions: Feminism and Environmentalism in Atwood’s Speculative FictionBedford, Anna2009-02-01Ecofeminism is an emerging field. For me ecofeminism is a political and philosophical stance that recognizes the connections between women’s rights and environmental ones and, conversely, finds in the subjugation of women and the denigration of the environment a similar patriarchal and hierarchical paradigm. Given the history of gendered images of nature and “natural” conceptions of women it is understandable that some critics fear an essentialism in ecofeminism. However, ecofeminist work, as I understand it, challenges the conflation of women and nature whilst simultaneously asserting the connections, the continuums.ecofeminismSpeculative Fictionnatureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/56f2x874https://escholarship.org/content/qt56f2x874/qt56f2x874.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7cp5v6z22011-07-03T04:45:50Zqt7cp5v6z2SWET for the Summit: Exploration of Singapore’s First All-female Mount Everest TeamGoh, Tan Leng2009-02-22Mountaineering is a popular sport and leisure activity participated by people at all levels. It involves hiking, trekking and climbing on rock or ice with the ultimate challenge of reaching the summit of the mountain. The sport of mountaineering requires climbers to not only possess physical tenacity but also mental resilience in order to overcome the challenging task of climbing to the top of the mountains. Mountain climbing is considered a high risk sport in that the apparent danger of injury or even possibility of death is high. Mountaineers often suffer weakness, breathlessness, and retardation of thoughts and actions at an altitude of over 5485 meters. Beyond 8000 meters, mountaineers will be exposed to environmental conditions such as avalanches and extreme weather conditions. The highest mountain in the world, Mount Everest standing at 8848m, was discovered in the 1847. Typically, it takes mountaineers an average of two months which includes resting, acclimatization and waiting for good weather to climb to the summit of Mount Everest. The first men, who climbed to the summit of Mount Everest, were Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953, and the first woman to reach the summit after surviving from an avalanche attack was Japanese mountaineer, Junko Tabei in 1975 (Deegan, 2003). Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler, conquered the mountain without oxygen supply in 1978 (Deegan, 2003). This feat is considered dangerous because when the body is deprived of oxygen, there is likelihood for the person to suffer from brain damage. British mountaineer, Alison Hargreves repeated this feat in 1995, solo and without oxygen supply (Deegan, 2003).mountaineeringgenderSingaporemountain climbingapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cp5v6z2https://escholarship.org/content/qt7cp5v6z2/qt7cp5v6z2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8xx7r96n2011-07-03T04:45:38Zqt8xx7r96nRemembering Fanon: Zapatista Women & the Labor of DisalienationRabasa, Magalí2008-02-01The title of this paper signals an attempt to engage in a critical recuperation of Frantz Fanon’s work initiated by Homi Bhabha in 1989, and continued by Gautam Premnath in 2000. In my paper, I draw on Bhabha’s recuperation of the work of Fanon, connecting the Antillean revolutionary theorist’s most compelling psychoanalytic concept, disalienation, to the Zapatista movement based in Chiapas, Mexico. While I perceive the general movement to be directly confronting external manifestations of racism and sexism as perpetuated by (neo)colonialism, I argue that the specific gendered agenda of the Zapatista women engages precisely in the examination and dismantling of the internalization of oppressive structures, and this resonates significantly with the Fanonian notion of disalienation. Employing Bhabha’s formulation of memory as a complex process of rearticulation, I demonstrate the significance of connecting Fanon’s psychoanalytic theories of liberation to the internal labor of Zapatista women, as I argue that the psychic processes of concientización, initiated by women within the movement, are the basis of disalienation, through collective processes of critically re-membering, and re-imagining, cultural identity and consciousness. While the assertion of the permanence of indigenous culture reflects an externally directed message, the affirmation of the right to change cultural traditions represents an internal transformation. The right to reconceptualize cultural practices, rejecting those which in fact perpetuate oppressive structures, reflects a process of critical re-membering, using Bhabha’s formulation of memory, as it is both a reflection on the past and a contemplation of its impact on the present and future.Frantz FanonHomi BhabhadisalienationZapatista movementapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xx7r96nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8xx7r96n/qt8xx7r96n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0cz8k00z2011-07-03T04:45:34Zqt0cz8k00zDebating Family Values: Women & Politics in New York and the Nation, 1970-1992Taranto, Stacie2008-02-01Debate over “family values” is now a staple in American politics. My paper examines how that came to be. I focus on New York state from the 1970s through the 1980s when feminist activism and an emerging conservative family values movement competed side-by-side to define the family. Conservative activists, most of whom were white, suburban homemakers, helped shift New York’s political culture to the Right—forcing feminists and politicians across all parties to frame their definition of family values along more conservative lines, especially with regard to issues such as state-subsidized daycare, the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and abortion.My paper follows several important histories about the rise of political conservatism in postwar America. These works disproportionately explore how race and Cold War geopolitics influenced this trend, but few consider gender as I do. Yet, instead of focusing on a single conservative female activist (e.g., Phyllis Schlafly) or issue (e.g., abortion or the ERA) as some scholars have done, I more broadly examine how women on both the left and the right debated the above-mentioned issues in the 1970 and 1980s. I conclude that such debate ultimately produced a popular conception of feminism as “anti-family,” while linking family values to [white] middle-to-upper class nuclear families, heterosexual marriage, and traditional gender roles.family values movementAmerican politicsNew York stateEqual Rights Amendmentapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0cz8k00zhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0cz8k00z/qt0cz8k00z.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6j64k8132011-07-03T04:45:23Zqt6j64k813Engaging in Dialogue: Women’s Petitions in Eighteenth Century Chosŏn KoreaKim, Jisoo2008-02-01This paper examines women’s engagement in dialogue with the state via the petition system during the eighteenth century Chosŏn Korea (1392-1910). By using the petitions, it focuses on how women appropriated the legal channel to voice their concerns to the state and how the state reacted to women’s voice. It demonstrates women’s utilization of the legal space, either in written or verbal mode, to actively engage in dialogue with the state and examines their petitioning strategies to persuade the authorities and their usage of rhetoric. It has been often assumed by scholars that women during this period were prescribed with only domestic roles. However, I illustrate that the state enhanced women’s public roles on the basis of their domestic roles by allowing them to raise domestic concerns to the state. By petitioning, women were performing their duties as wives, mothers, daughters, and daughters-in-law. In this paper, I analyze one specific case to show how women exercised their agency by utilizing the petition system. In 1794, an elite woman, Madam Kwŏn, went all the way to the capital, Seoul, to present verbal petition to the central government about her husband’s unjust death. She cried out to the authorities how her husband had died from severe corporal punishment which she claimed to have been unwarrantedly inflicted by the County Magistrate. She appealed to the higher authorities to seek justice by asking them to punish the County Magistrate. This paper analyzes Madam Kwŏn’s case in depth and explicates its implications.governmentjudicialwomen's public rolespetitioningapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j64k813https://escholarship.org/content/qt6j64k813/qt6j64k813.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt08z6p11f2011-07-03T04:31:40Zqt08z6p11fLanguage And Gender: The Mass Media’s Portrayal Of Two U.S. Presidential CandidatesAvineri, Netta2009-02-01The presence of Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin during the 2008 U.S. presidential campaign raised new questions about bias and sexism in the media’s portrayal of the candidates. The recent commemorative inaugural edition of Newsweek noted that “Clinton’s campaign for the presidency showed us how far we’ve come on women’s rights – and how far we haven’t come” (109). While Obama and Clinton were vying for the Democratic nomination, the March 17, 2008 Newsweek issue featured a picture of Hillary Clinton and the title “Hear Her Roar: Gender, Class, and Hillary Clinton”. Two online media sources at the time asked if “media outlets [were] biased against Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton due to her gender” (www.capitolhillblue.com) and if “Hillary Clinton’s campaign [was] the victim of sexism” (www.redblueamerica.com). As Talbot (2007) notes in Media Discourse: Representation and Interaction, “[in] modern democracies the media serve a vital function as a public forum” (3). Considering the media’s effects on the nation and the public’s ideas, it is essential to analyze the language and discourse of the media during critical moments in national histories such as presidential campaigns.Hillary ClintonBarack Obamamass mediarepresentationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/08z6p11fhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt08z6p11f/qt08z6p11f.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8w79b43t2011-07-03T03:32:18Zqt8w79b43tOpting-Out of the Have-It-All Discourse: Sarah Silverman’s Alternative to Contemporary FeminismFeldmar, Shawna2009-02-01For the last two years, Vanity Fair has been waging a heated argument with itself on the topic of “the humor gap”. It began in 2007 when polemicist Christopher Hitchens explained, in an article entitled “Why Women Aren’t Funny,” that they simply don’t have to be, because 1) their primary calling in life—motherhood—extinguishes their humor and 2) their need to appear less intelligent to men eliminates motivation to improve it1. Critic Allesandra Stanley later responded boldly that it only “used to be that women were not funny.” Now some actually are— but, they have to be attractive to get anyone to notice2. The latest installment in this debate was penned by sometimes feminist New York Times columnist Maureen Dowd, who follows Tina Fey’s rise to success and gives special attention to the full-scale makeover the star underwent before Lorne Michaels let her on screen as SNL Weekend Update anchor. It also highlights Fey’s “teutonic will”—the impressive discipline and determination she has exercised in every aspect of life in order to get where she has. For Dowd then, women can be funny, even powerful, but, unlike their male counterparts, they must give up an awful lot for the opportunity3.comedycomediansfeminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w79b43thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8w79b43t/qt8w79b43t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt60j3d50j2011-07-03T03:31:22Zqt60j3d50j“From the Periphery Towards the Center”1: Locating An Alternative Genealogy for Disability Studies in Audre Lorde’s The Cancer JournalsBarager, Jennifer2009-02-01As a white feminist, I come to Audre Lorde’s work with humility and trepidation, aware of my own privileged position within the field of gender studies and cautious of the risks of appropriation. I discovered her memoirs and poetry while coming out as a teenager, and have continually returned to her work for inspiration and guidance—as a feminist queer-identified woman with a learning disability survivor of an invasive surgery daughter of a disabled parent. Lorde’s writings have not only provided a resource for my own healing and resistance, but have also inspired a lifelong commitment to antiracist activism and education, which informs my current academic work in disability studies.disability studiesantiracistactivismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/60j3d50jhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt60j3d50j/qt60j3d50j.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9dt798cb2011-07-02T20:07:33Zqt9dt798cbSlavery, Sexuality, and the Politics of Masculinity in Nineteenth-Century CubaLambe, Jennifer L2008-02-01In this paper, I will examine the myriad and often internally contradictory ways in which nineteenth-century “abolitionist” Cuban elites theorized the culpability and perversion of white male sexuality in the slave system. Their discourse evolved over the course of the century to incorporate emerging positivist/scientific thinking about racial types, including the idea of the mulata as an instrument of social/sexual contagion. This intervention obscured the question of the white man’s sexual volition, as “abolitionist” thinkers attempted to reconcile their presumptions of mulata victimization with a newly cohesive belief in the essentially predatory sexuality of the mulata. I will approach these questions through a close reading of a curious pamphlet, La mulata by Eduardo Ezponda, and an analysis of its relationship to an abolitionist novelistic tradition including the works of Anselmo Suárez y Romero, Antonio Zambrano, and Cirilo Villaverde. Ezponda’s call to rehabilitate white masculinity by purging it of the decadent and perverse qualities it had acquired under the sugar/slavery regime aligns with the political imperative to fashion a new masculinity in the rapidly changing political and social contexts of the late nineteenth century. The paper will also consider how items and texts that resonated more strongly with non-elite Cuban audiences—tobacco marquillas and popular poetry, especially—challenge and complicate the picture of white male sexuality as crafted in the canonical novelistic tradition of nineteenth-century Cuba.Cubaslaverymasculinityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9dt798cbhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9dt798cb/qt9dt798cb.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1pw5150s2011-07-02T19:59:25Zqt1pw5150sRelationship Functioning & Immune Health in HIV+ LatinasDe la Garza Mercer, Felicia L.2008-02-01Despite the fact that HIV infection has soared amongst heterosexual women of color, Latinas are consistently underrepresented in HIV research (Carmona, Romero & Loeb, 1999). Latinas are at increased risk for HIV due cultural inhibitions of condom use, idealized gender roles, and idealization of romantic relationships. Yet these relationships, when chronically stressful, can exacerbate mental health problems such as depression (Hammen, 2005), and long-term effects of poor immune response. This study aims to investigate the links between relationship functioning and immune functioning, as measured by CD4 cell count and prevalence of gynecological problems, over time and how depression may mediate these links, in both HIV+ and HIV- heterosexual Latinas. Its results will thus be useful in understanding and creating new public health prevention and intervention methods aimed at ethnic minority women. I am using a sample of HIV-positive (N=97) and HIV-negative Latinas (N=52) from the University of California-Los Angeles Charles Drew Medical Center Women and Family Project, a longitudinal study examining the impact of HIV on women’s lives (Wyatt & Chin, 1992). The data has been collected and I will analyze data across two years, using hierarchical linear modeling and focusing on measures of relationship quality, depression, CD4 t-cell levels, and gynecological problems. In accordance with the stress/social support hypothesis (Burman & Margolin, 1992), I predict that poor relationship functioning over time will be associated with decreased CD4 levels and a higher prevalence of gynecological problems, and that depression will mediate these associations.HIVAIDSLatinasapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1pw5150shttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1pw5150s/qt1pw5150s.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt75p9d4rk2011-07-02T19:52:31Zqt75p9d4rkHome Is Where the Heart Is: Place Attachment, Social Change, and Young Female Migrants in Xalapa, MexicoAndrew, Meghan2009-02-01This paper explores social capital, citizenship, and place attachment among young female urban migrants from Xalapa, Mexico to the United States through an examination of their financial contributions to the remodeling of the family home.remittancesfamilyhomeconspicuous consumptionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/75p9d4rkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt75p9d4rk/qt75p9d4rk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2fq3k3pd2011-07-02T12:07:26Zqt2fq3k3pdRe-mything Nature: Walt Whitman as an Ancestral Origin of Ecofeminist LiteratureWinter, Ray2009-02-01Despite the fact that ecofeminist theory and the writings of Walt Whitman are separated by over a century of radical literary and social change, I suggest that the style, content, and philosophy behind Whitman’s poetry represent a catalyst of change in the manner in which nature and women are viewed in America. His defiant approach to literature initiated a compositional and philosophical revisioning that took the door of tradition off of its hinges, allowing women and their alternative styles of literary expression to walk through. In the detailed study from which this presentation is sourced, I reveal how Whitman’s poetry aligns with the basic tenets of ecofeminism by means of a careful examination of his writings. Thus, I take part in re-evaluating the canon in American literature, challenging its worth in light of a society less acquiescent of male-dominated hierarchies in art and culture. In the case of Walt Whitman, I argue that he continues to belong.ecofeminist theoryWalt Whitmanpoetryecofeminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fq3k3pdhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2fq3k3pd/qt2fq3k3pd.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt46t2b84f2011-07-02T12:05:57Zqt46t2b84fThe Tension in Solidarity: Race, Gender, and National Identity in Katherine Dunham’s SouthlandTimmons, Michele2009-02-01There are no video records and little documentation of the performance; however, choreographer Katherine Dunham’s obscure dance work, Southland, still succeeded in epitomizing a community that was enshrouded in the complex negotiation of three distinct modes of solidarity: the performance of race, gender, and national identity. Using dance as a mode for analysis of these types of categorical tensions “can provide a critical example of the dialectical relationship between cultures and the bodies that inhabit them” (Albright 3), and as such Dunham’s ballet works subtly, but intentionally, to subvert a supposed hierarchy between these three systems of oppression. Through the analysis of the three women present in this performance - the white avenger, Julie, the mournful black lover, Lucy, and the highly-politicized choreographer herself – Dunham presents the tension that resides in performing nation, race, and gender.performanceracegendernational identityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/46t2b84fhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt46t2b84f/qt46t2b84f.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4q5856ck2011-07-02T12:05:11Zqt4q5856ckDisruptive Discourses: Kenyan Maasai Schoolgirls Make ThemselvesSwitzer, Heather2009-02-01This abridged discussion of Maasai schoolgirls and disruptive discourses comes from my dissertation (in progress), Making the Maasai Schoolgirl: Developing Modernities on the Margins, an ethnographic case study of development at the local level that examines an emergent social category in contemporary Kenyan Maasai society: the “schoolgirl.” It is only recently, in the past generation, that Maasai females have attended school in any number, and access remains relatively limited. The dissertation analyzes rural schoolgirls’ narratives of education and development in their daily lives, which are characterized by a contradictory resistance to ‘traditional’ gender norms and social forms. These narratives are embedded in larger questions regarding the transnational intersections of ethnicity, gender, and class in the formation of local identities in marginalized indigenous communities in postcolonial Kenya. The overall project relies on 98 interviews with Maasai schoolgirls ages 10-20 in nine primary government day schools in Kajiado District, Kenya. From this larger work, this short discussion thinks gender by examining the practical effects of two central disruptive discourses--thetensions between mainstream development’s “girl-child” and the Maasai “schoolgirl” and the articulation of futurity and the limits of the aspirational horizon of desire—as they play out within a neoliberal developmentalist discursive regime.MaasaischoolgirlsKenyaethnographyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4q5856ckhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4q5856ck/qt4q5856ck.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1xz2k9m62011-07-02T12:05:06Zqt1xz2k9m6Let’s Ask for the Moon! - Tracing the ‘Narrative of Desperation’ Across Films for WomenHiggins, Terri2009-02-01Writing on Desperate Housewives Ann Marie Bautista notes: “The figure of the housewife has commonly been associated with the space of the home, and the desperation that has come to signify domesticity has arguably become an integral component of her construction”. Many would agree with her, since the melodramatic premise of screen incarnations of ‘the housewife’, implies a ‘natural’ correlation between desperation and domesticity. However, my research challenges Bautista’s statement and argues that these and other screen women are desperate not solely because they are restricted to the home, but more importantly because they are faced with the expectations and anxieties imposed on them by men. Men are, and have often been represented as the fundamental catalysts for desperation, since their actions and reactions are the cause of both suffering and desire for these onscreen women. Therefore, whilst it is argued by Bautista that Desperate Housewives impacts negatively on the representation of the modern woman through re-uniting the terms ‘desperate’ and ‘housewife’, my research embraces the re-entry of the desperate housewife into the feminist frame for the opportunity it provides to connect up and flesh out what I have called a ‘narrative of desperation’.filmwomennarrativedesperationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xz2k9m6https://escholarship.org/content/qt1xz2k9m6/qt1xz2k9m6.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt97w9b8cn2011-07-02T12:04:57Zqt97w9b8cnImagining the Archive: Documenting GABRIELA Network an activist Filipina women’s organizationDean, Rebecca2009-02-01The historical record of women's activism remains grossly deficient, especially in the case of Filipinas in the United States who have organized to incite reformation, integrity, equality, leadership and action globally and locally. GABRIELA Network (GABNet) has become one of the strongest voices speaking out against the struggles that Filipina and Filipina - Americans face. During the eighteen years of its existence, the organization has amassed a vast amount of unique materials that document the organization and its members. These materials are important not only to the members of GABNet, but to women, activists and academic researchers worldwide. Preserving the organizational memory of GABNet is critical to completing the historical record; an important pluralist tenant of archiving.archivehistoryFilipinaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/97w9b8cnhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt97w9b8cn/qt97w9b8cn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt18b1q6252011-07-02T12:04:52Zqt18b1q625“‘Who? Feminist?’: Gender Activism and Collective Identity in Japan”Yamaguchi, Makiko2008-02-01This paper explores the strategies that gender activists in Japan use to advocate gender equality and justice. What is intriguing about this case of feminist activism is that despite its long history, the movement is network-based with many small-scale local groups and no national umbrella organization. Furthermore, unlike feminist movements in areas dominated by the US/European hegemonic model of thinking and organizing, gender activists in Japan refuse to articulate their activism using a single collective label such as “feminist.” Yet their rhetorical strategies, and political narratives that come out of those strategies, demonstrate remarkable agreement and shared understanding of gender hierarchy and injustice in Japan. These strategies weave ideas that are significant to domestic politics and the state of gender relations in Japan together with a global gender discourse. Based on participant observation and in-depth interviews over a 16-month period with gender activists in Japan, this paper unravels this puzzle by looking at individual life histories and their intersection with the larger historical context. By examining how Japanese gender activists make sense of what they do and why they do it, this study challenges our conceptualizations of collective action, strategy, and feminism as a global phenomenon.Japanfeminisminstitutionalized feminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/18b1q625https://escholarship.org/content/qt18b1q625/qt18b1q625.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8b07v3pp2011-07-02T12:03:27Zqt8b07v3ppMan Made: Seung Hui Cho and the Deconstruction of Asian American Masculinity and ViolenceRhee, Margaret2008-02-01Within hours of the Virginia Tech tragedy, the late Seung Hui Cho identified as the school shooter, became the most “famous” Asian American with his images, digital films, and stories on every website, television news program, and radio segment transnationally. While mainstream newspaper articles on Cho provoked specific discourse around mental health, gun control, and ethnicity; a critical lens of race, sexuality, and ethnicity was seemingly absent from the media blitz. Analysis of mainstream newspaper articles will demonstrate how dominant media discourse tread the line between Oreintalist fantasies of Asian American masculinity and contestations by Asian American agents using violence and gender performance. Moreover, these representations illuminate the complicated relationship of power and agency through Cho’s self authored works and acts of violence which constitute a specific kind of media spectacle. This study will incorporate extensive analysis of media representations of Cho through five mainstream newspapers, The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, and The San Francisco Chronicle from April 14, 2007 – May 14, 2007. Further analysis will be contextualized through Cho’s own self-authored works through popular blogs, magazine editorials, and message boards. Adding to the existing literature on representation of Asian American masculinity written by scholars Yen Le Espirtu, Darrell Y. Hammamoto, and David L. Eng, the critique of Cho’s representations will complicate and reshape preconceived notions of Asian American masculinity, sexuality, and agency.Virgina Techschool shootingsAsian American masculinitymanifestosapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8b07v3pphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8b07v3pp/qt8b07v3pp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4px7h51m2011-07-02T12:03:14Zqt4px7h51m“I’m not brilliant, but I’m pretty smart”: Compromises and apologies in female college athletes’ constructions of ‘self’Pilver, Lindsey2008-02-01With its long history as an exclusively male domain, competitive sports stands as a key site for exploration of the gender constructs and hegemonic structures that persist within athletics, reflecting the conditions and arrangements of society in general. Women have gradually integrated this space, simultaneously upsetting and renegotiating the traditional social arrangements found within it. This integration is an ongoing process, impeded or smoothed by the cultural ideologies of specific historical moments. In this ongoing study, the authors explore how women position themselves within the gendered space of sport. As they construct and establish identities as women, as students, as athletes, and as female athletes, do they encounter competing and contradictory expectations of woman and athlete? To what extent are conflicting identities present, if at all? What discursive practices do these women employ to situate themselves and the identities they construct within the athletic space and the larger social space which they occupy? In a series of interviews with college aged female athletes conducted at an elite, single-sex, liberal arts college in the northeast United States, the author explores the various identities these women negotiate in varied settings such as on the field, in the classroom, and in the dorm. Using a poststructuralist approach to discourse analysis, interviews were analyzed with a focus on the self-positions that the subjects adopt and the conflicting discourses they utilize to reveal the multiple subjectivities the women take up in order to make sense of themselves and their lives.female atheletesbodyworkseducationUniversitiesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4px7h51mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4px7h51m/qt4px7h51m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt34t7f9sm2011-07-02T12:03:06Zqt34t7f9smSpecters in the Sand: The Urban Hauntings in Alicia Gaspar de Alba’s Desert Blood: The Juárez MurdersOcegueda, Isela2008-02-01This project studies the city in 20th century Latin American literature and explores the relationships between the city, its protagonist-inhabitants, memory and haunting. I propose that the city functions as the medium by which the protagonist-subjects are haunted, most often by memory, but sometimes by an actual spectral figure. By reading and theorizing from these texts through a spatial lens, we might recognize how urban spaces are at work in producing the social and vice versa. I plan to study how the authors of these texts expose broader political and social issues relevant to the context of each text.In a slight departure from looking at capital or major “centralized” cities, this particular chapter will look at texts in which the border city (U.S.-Mexico border) is the setting. A text that trenchantly weaves together all of these aspects regarding the border, the results of globalization, identity, migration, and gender, is Alicia Gaspar de Alba’s Desert Blood: The Juárez Murders (2005). I aim to productively complicate the various characterizations of the border and produce richer readings and more complex analyses of larger border questions. Analyzing the city in border texts questions the notion of city as “center” and the center/periphery model in general. I hope that this chapter will complicate conventional notions of the “city” as a centralized megalopolis and offer the border city as the “new” Latin Americanized, transnational urban space, with its unique characteristics and hauntings. In this way, the term “city” will have to be rethought and redefined.U.S.-Mexico BorderLatin American literatureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/34t7f9smhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt34t7f9sm/qt34t7f9sm.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt14s711912011-07-02T12:02:43Zqt14s71191Reframing Reproductive Oppression: Medical Research into Mortality at San Juan PuebloMcQuade, Lena2008-02-01This presentation centers on the scientific and medical research conducted by Sophie D. Aberle, M.D., Ph.D., on the fertility rates of indigenous Pueblos in Northern New Mexico in the early twentieth century. As the first scientist to publish data on the astronomically high rates of infant, child, and maternal death at San Juan Pueblo, Aberle played a defining role in constructing meaning about Pueblo reproductive health and disease. Furthermore, Aberle’s research, undertaken in the late 1920’s and early 1930’s, coincided with debates about eugenics in the social sciences and the meaning and function of race in U.S. society. Aberle was an active participant in constructing Pueblo racial identity and, in particular, in racializing the sexual and reproductive functions of indigenous New Mexicans. In this presentation, I analyze several of Aberle’s sexual and reproductive research projects by identifying the cultural contexts and epistemologies that undergird her work. As Alfanso Ortiz, an anthropologist and San Juan Pueblo member has explained, the production of meaning about the Pueblos is always framed by the racialized and colonial relationships between Euro-American researchers and Pueblo members. Andrea Smith (Cherokee) further asserts that attacks on the reproductive health of Native women must be understood as part of ongoing colonial and genocidal relationships between the US and indigenous peoples. Following from recent scholarship on the intersections of reproductive justice, native sovereignty, and white women’s complex roles in colonial sites, this presentation traces how Aberle’s research was implicated in debates about gender racial formation and how these constructions had material consequences for the inhabitants of New Mexico.fertilityindigenous womenNew MexicoPueblosapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/14s71191https://escholarship.org/content/qt14s71191/qt14s71191.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7tt022392011-07-02T12:02:13Zqt7tt02239Jumping scale, mapping space: feminist geographies at work in the art of Mona HatoumKhullar, Sonal2008-02-01My paper focuses on critical interventions into space and scale in the work of contemporary artist Mona Hatoum over the past decade. Drawing on the work of feminist geographers Doreen Massey and Gillian Rose, I argue that Hatoum imagines the home as contiguous with other sites in the world – prison cells, transit quarters, curfew zones, refugee centers, resettlement areas, internment camps, industrial farms and office parks – whose intimate relationships to the everyday, the familiar and the homely are often elided.Massey and Rose critique the masculinist biases of humanist geography by which the normative subject of space remains male and the home comes to be the place of male repose (and indeed its corollary, female labor). In Hatoum’s art, which takes the form of sculptural objects and electrically-charged installations, it is impossible to maintain the idea of a home apart from the world. By marshalling a critical notion of scale, in its artistic and geographic senses, Hatoum shows that there is no utopian space outside for resistance and rather that a revolutionary project must be negotiated between spaces. Whereas art historians have tended to analyze individual works of art, the notion of scale allows us to consider a larger spatial argument being made across Hatoum’s body of work. Specifically, I propose a dialectical relationship of appropriation and domination, to use Henri Lefebvre’s terminology in The Production of Space (1974), between Hatoum’s installations, Home (1999) and Homebound (2000), and her sculptural objects, Traffic (2002) and Grater Divide (2002).Mona Hatoumfeminist geographerssculptureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tt02239https://escholarship.org/content/qt7tt02239/qt7tt02239.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt87n4x5wr2011-07-02T11:59:34Zqt87n4x5wrFrom Hook-ups to Headaches: Theorizing the Emotional Labor of University Women’s Sexual DecisionsFlynn, Leah A.2008-02-01Using qualitative methods within post-structural theory, this paper questions how women make sense of their sexuality within the context of university life. I examine what relationship to sexuality women bring to college, how they negotiate their sexual agency within a university setting, and the emotional work they undertake. As the first opportunity where students live and learn independently of authoritative figures, the site provides space to explore women’s negotiation and resistance to different forms of authority. College is a particular discursive environment for regulating ideas of sex as it is a contested space of limitations and new freedoms. This cultural analysis uses data from open-ended, semi-structured interviews and focus groups with white women from multiple class positions at a small, public, doctoral-granting university in the Northeast. The participants ranged from sophomores to seniors; one identified as bi-sexual, and the remainder as heterosexual.Analyzing the sexual discourse that women employ with each other in these conversations allows us to interrogate how women’s sexual experiences are regulated for them and by others in a patriarchal society. Women perform emotional labor when discerning how they “feel” about the situation compared to how others (e.g. parents, friends, partners) “feel” about their decisions. The paper theorizes the “emotional labor” embedded within their discourse and how it informs women’s sexual decisions. I argue that “emotional labor” takes precedence over women’s desires as they work to position themselves sexually in college. This paper exposes, engages and de-constructs the boundaries that hinder women’s sexual agency.sexuality in university lifehook-upssexual agencyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/87n4x5wrhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt87n4x5wr/qt87n4x5wr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt81z2f0p52011-07-02T11:58:48Zqt81z2f0p5From Metrosexual to Retrosexual: The Importance of Shifting Male Gender Roles to FeminismAnderson, Katherine Noel2008-02-01The study of gender in feminism should not only concentrate on female gender roles and queer transgressions of established gender roles, but should also include an in-depth discussion on male gender roles as they exist in society. This paper focuses on the metrosexual and the retrosexual trends which have recently affected the male gender role in society. The emergence of the metrosexual in the 1990s through 2005 was a profound change in the traditional male gender role which allowed men to explore fashion, food, beauty, health, and etiquette in new ways. During this time what it meant to be a man included visiting spas and salons, having plastic surgery, eating gourmet or healthy foods, carrying a “man purse,” wearing male makeup, “manscaping,” and using proper etiquette to create and maintain relationships with women as well as impress business associates. In response to this popular metrosexual trend, a social backlash emerged to the perceived “feminization” of men. This current retrosexual backlash stresses what it means to be “real men” with appeals to virulent sexuality, violence, sport, machismo, and a lack of interest in fashion, etiquette, and health. Through pop culture and media, my research tracks the history of these metrosexual and retrosexual trends while at the same time questioning the importance of shifting male gender roles with respect to the feminist ideal of eradicating the binary gender system in society.gender rolesmale gender rolesmetrosexualretrosexualapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/81z2f0p5https://escholarship.org/content/qt81z2f0p5/qt81z2f0p5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2jp612sz2011-07-02T11:58:38Zqt2jp612szWhy don’t Jordanian Women Graduate? A theoretical look at gendered experiences in Higher Education in JordanAllaf, Carine2008-02-01Jordan, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is viewed as a country of social, political, and economic advancement by development agencies such as the United Nations and the World Bank. Jordan currently leads the region in literacy rates and based on these statistics, Jordan is well on its way of achieving gender equity, one of the Millennium Development Goals. However, completion/attainment/graduation rates for females at the tertiary level are not as easy to locate. Recent World Bank (2005) data report that the female completion rate is 31% of the male completion rate. This is the widest gender gap in the MENA region in tertiary completion. This exposes a glaring discrepancy in Jordan’s education system. Why is there such a significant gender gap at the tertiary level when Jordan is achieving other education standards as compared to other countries in the MENA region?This paper, a part of a dissertation in Social Sciences and Comparative Education, will explore the gender regime that exists in Jordan’s higher education system and how it contributes to low completion rates for women. Examining the ways in which institutions of higher education shape and reinforce normative gender roles (specifically in the Middle East and developing world) will help to contextualize the Jordanian situation and hopefully contribute to a better understanding of the gendered processes of education at the tertiary level.Jordandegreesfemale completion rateapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jp612szhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2jp612sz/qt2jp612sz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt736088332011-07-02T11:58:29Zqt73608833President Bachelet's body in the Chilean press: Anxieties of gender, fantasies of race, desires for ModernityValle, Manuela2007-02-01The paper I am presenting today deals with discourses and representations of national identity in Chile, exploring how race and gender function as markers for bodies within processes of nation building. Particularly, I am interested in the way women's bodies are represented as metaphorical boundaries of the nation, and how they are deemed proper or improper according to hegemonic discourses. In this way, taking as a starting point some Chilean press responses to the election of Michelle Bachelet as President, I discuss how gendered and racialised notions of nation and modernity are mobilized in the current context. I understand discourses as sites where power is articulated, reproduced and also contested; and race and gender as dimensions that are historically, socially and culturally signified; and therefore are fluid and dynamic, rather than “natural” attributes that each person has. I draw from anti-racist and postcolonial feminists analyses of nation-building that define them as constant processes of narration that are at the same time gendered and racialised, to suggest that the anxieties and hopes around Bachelet's body's race and sexuality, are metaphors of broader preoccupations and concerns about the nation's whiteness, modernity and the properness of national bodies in the new world order. I describe the three elements that characterize these discourses found on the press as anxieties of gender, fantasies of race, and desires for Modernity. I chose these psychoanalytical language of anxieties, fantasies and desires to denote processes that are not fully rational or originated/located in the individual; but rather in the transindividual realms of Language and history.national identityrepresentationwomen's bodiesChileracegenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/73608833https://escholarship.org/content/qt73608833/qt73608833.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt20c1m0142011-07-02T11:57:54Zqt20c1m014In the Same Boat and at Each Other’s Throat: Gender Politics in Female-Male Collaborations in Hip Hop Music, 1996-2006Freeman, Heidi R.2007-02-01It is no secret that both female and male Hip Hop artists often participate in the overt objectification of women’s bodies. On any given day, one can turn on BET or MTV and catch a glimpse of several scantily clad women dancing or gyrating at the disposal of one or more male rap artists. These visual images are also present in Hip Hop magazines, such as The Source and XXL, one that showcases a section called “Eye Candy,” in which female models are featured wearing skimpy bathing suits and lingerie, while there is no such alternative featuring male models in the same manner. However, these women, whose counterparts are called “video hoes,” have no voice; they never enter into a dialogue with the male rappers or audiences; they strictly serve as “eye candy,” objects used to stimulate sexual desires. On the other hand, female rappers do have a voice, and they often enter into a dialogue with male rappers in the form of collaboration, also known as a “collabo.” These collabos are important, because as Hip Hop critic Tricia Rose writes, Dialogism resists the one-dimensional opposition between male and female rappers as respectively sexist and feminist. It also accommodates the tension between sympathetic racial bonds among black men and women as well as black women’s frustrations regarding sexual oppression at the hands of black men. As Cornel West aptly describes it, ‘the pressure on Afro-Americans as a people has forced the black man closer to the black woman: they are in the same boat. But they are also at each other’s throat.gender relationsHip Hopobjectificationcollaborationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/20c1m014https://escholarship.org/content/qt20c1m014/qt20c1m014.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6292q6652011-07-02T11:57:49Zqt6292q665Powerful Husbands and Virtuous Wives: The Familial Structure in the Leadership of the New Life Movement, 1934-1938Sun, Xiaoping2007-02-01In February 1934 the Chinese Nationalist Party launched the New Life Movement with the goal of making strong and modern national citizens through social and cultural reforms with the emphases on cleanliness and discipline. It was initiated by the Generalissimo, led by officials, and first practiced in the state apparatus—central and local government agencies, schools, and military forces. I call it a male strategy of mobilizing the Chinese nation for a modern state. The presumption of the male political and social subject as the norm resulted in the tactic of turning state agents, overwhelmingly male, into social leaders. But this male strategy turned out to be unsuccessful when male state agents tried to “propagate, implement, guide and inspect” inside the home, even though they themselves were all family members and resided in households. So male New Life leaders transferred the task of modernizing the home to women and made their wives responsible for mobilizing ordinary women to fulfill the task.This paper focuses on the first stage of women’s mobilization in the New Life Movement from 1934 to 1938 by showing how this approach to women’s organizing emerged. By examining the structure of New Life leadership and the power relations between women’s New Life organizations and male New Life committees, I argue that gendered leadership did successfully mobilized women of the family for, and into, the nation-state-society whole, but also paradoxically reinforced the gendered labor division in between the domesticity and the nation-state-society whole.Chinese NationalismNew Life MovementJiang Jieshifemale mobilizationNanchang Women Civil Servants Service CorpshousewivesJiangxi Provincial Women's Life Reform CommitteeJiangxi Reform CommitteeWomen's Guidance CommitteeSong Meilingwomen's organizationsWu JufangHone Xihouapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6292q665https://escholarship.org/content/qt6292q665/qt6292q665.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt41k766w02011-07-02T11:57:42Zqt41k766w0‘All one could desire’ British women remember life in post war GermanyEasingwood, Ruth2007-02-01My PhD thesis attempts to fill a gap in the historiography of the British occupation of Germany which took place 1945-1949. Garnering evidence in the form of both written and oral testimonies from the lives of ‘ordinary’ women living and working in an occupied country and mapping this onto meanings of gender, identity and power is at the heart of my thesis. Women’s memories of their time in Germany adds lived experience to the interpretations and convictions found in other sources.womenBritish womengenderidentitypowerhistoryGermanyoral testimoniesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/41k766w0https://escholarship.org/content/qt41k766w0/qt41k766w0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4gw1m18r2011-07-02T11:57:37Zqt4gw1m18rConsuming Bodies: Fatness, Sexuality, and the Protestant EthicOwen, Lesleigh J.2007-02-01For those readers who spent their entire lives up till today in a secluded bomb shelter or an abandoned cave in some nearby woods, allow me to share a secret with you: fat persons are stigmatized. As I will discuss, and explore, below, fatness has come to represent a slew of undesirable social identities or traits. Fatness also represents some of the rather scary and perplexing contradictions characterizing many Western, industrialized citizens. Fat people often bring to mind -- as well as print, popular discourses, and daily experience -- conceptions of non-Whiteness, class inequalities, violations of the Protestant Ethic, media-popularized beauty ideals, health, and personal freedoms. That’s a lot of cultural baggage to place on the shoulders of fat folks, no matter how broad or plump they may be.fatnessdiscriminationsexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gw1m18rhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4gw1m18r/qt4gw1m18r.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4r04g58z2011-07-02T11:57:33Zqt4r04g58zBreast cancer, biosociality, and wilderness therapy: the practice of remaking selfhood in mountain climbingCollins, Lindsey2007-02-01I became interested in mountaineering culture when I noticed that there seemed to be an infatuation with emaciated, damaged bodies, and that psychic rejuvenation came through physical destruction. This led me to think about a phenomenon I’m calling women’s recovery climbing. Why do women survivors of cancer or sexual violence, with “damaged,” “unhealthy” bodies seek out this punishing, life-threatening sport? And why is this happening mostly with women, as groups, when men continue to climb as individuals?women survivorswomen’s recoveryselfhoodclimbingapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4r04g58zhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4r04g58z/qt4r04g58z.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6x93f1vf2011-07-02T11:55:13Zqt6x93f1vf“Let it be a Woman’s Park”: Gender, Identity and the Battle over Mesa VerdeSwanson, Mary2009-02-01In an effort to more fully explain how gender shaped early environmental reform in the United States, this paper examines McClurg’s attempt to establish a state or national park at Mesa Verde that would be under the direction of women. When McClurg’s unprecedented aspirations for Mesa Verde became public in 1906, she was quickly denounced by several Colorado newspapers. In the nasty, public, and highly gendered debate that followed, newspapers declared McClurg and her fellow CCDA members unfit to manage the site. Unfortunately, neither Congress nor the public was any more sympathetic to her cause. When Mesa Verde became a national park later that year, park officials took steps to obscure McClurg’s role and diminish the CCDA’s legacy, aligning it more closely with the mission of other national parks, such as Yellowstone. This paper demonstrates that an unrealized, alternative future more attuned with feminine ideals existed both for Mesa Verde and the National Park Service, which was established in 1916.Mesa Verdeenvironmental feminismenvironmentapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6x93f1vfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6x93f1vf/qt6x93f1vf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9c34w0vh2011-07-02T11:54:36Zqt9c34w0vh“Human Weeds”: Dysgenic Breeders in Edith Summers Kelley’s WeedsStuckey, Michelle2009-02-01Edith Summers Kelley's novel Weeds was published in 1923 by Harcourt, Brace. Despite receiving critical praise, the novel was not a commercial success, and was not reprinted until it was “rediscovered” by Michael J. Bruccoli in 1972.1 Weeds is the story of a woman coming of age in a tenant farming community in Kentucky. The novel contains some of the most graphic depictions of both childbirth and of a woman's attempt to induce a miscarriage. Interestingly, the childbirth scene was cut from the original edition by Harcourt, Brace, while the detailed description of the protagonist's attempts to abort a pregnancy were allowed to stand. Summers composed the novel after her and her husband's unsuccessful attempt at tobacco farming in rural Kentucky.2 Kelley depicts the debilitating labor of farming tobacco, and the precarious living to be had from its sale, which is subject to shifting market prices, the seemingly inevitable extremes of rain and draught, illness, and other forces that are beyond the farmers' control. The tension between the outer (environmental) and inner (biology) conditions that determine the fate of the characters places the novel in the tradition of American literary naturalism. In this paper, I will attempt to disentangle the relationship between environment, gender, and biology that is at the core of the work's signifying economy. Kelley focuses in particular on the labor of the women in the community, who work in the home and in the fields, and whose bodies become increasingly exhausted by both physical labor and repeated childbirth. In Weeds, Kelley centers the relationship between reproduction and degeneration around the disabling effects of physical labor and repeated childbirth on a women's bodies. I will read this in the context of both eugenic discourses that emphasized improving white racial stock by controlling who reproduces, and activism by early feminists such as Margaret Sanger who advocated for the availability of birth control as a means to ensure the health of women. 1 Charlotte Margolis Goodman, “Afterword,” Weeds. New York: The Feminist Press, 1982. 2 Ibid.eugenicsliterary theoryreproductionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c34w0vhhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9c34w0vh/qt9c34w0vh.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4jt5g1q22011-07-02T11:54:00Zqt4jt5g1q2Recovering the Masculine Hero: Post-World War I Shell Shock in American CultureStagner, Annessa C.2009-02-01In a February 1915 article in the Lancet, British psychologist Charles S. Myers gave definition to an increasingly used war-front medical term, shell shock. Myers described shell shock as the physical injuries that resulted from the impact of an exploding shell.1 By the end of World War I, however, shell shock’s definition had become so malleable it could describe nearly any physical or mental ailment. Shell shock, with its seemingly elusive definition, came to carry cultural meaning that extended far beyond the wounds of the soldier. As historian Jay Winter’s provocative work points out, for example, soldiers’ “shell shock” in Europe became a metaphor for deep national wounds in the civic body.2World War Ishell shockfilmhistoryapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jt5g1q2https://escholarship.org/content/qt4jt5g1q2/qt4jt5g1q2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0bd8d5x22011-07-02T11:53:11Zqt0bd8d5x2Translatress, Translator, TranslationMargala, Miriam2009-02-01I still manage to surprise a few scholars from other fields when they hear that there is such a thing as research of gender issues within the field of translation studies. It may seem as such a narrow niche – but only deceivingly so. It is language, linguistics, pragmatics, culture, history, literature, anthropology, gender metaphorics, communication, interpreting, cultural politics, social studies and politics, psychology and I can go on and on. History seems to be a very appropriate starting point for my presentation, so let me go back to 1654.translation studiesgenderfidelityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bd8d5x2https://escholarship.org/content/qt0bd8d5x2/qt0bd8d5x2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt92f6p1p82011-07-02T11:52:22Zqt92f6p1p8Body Beautiful: Making the Figure of Women in Film, Contemplation on the Iranian New-Wave Cinema of the Past DecadeShahrokhi, Sholeh2009-02-01Three decades after the political revolution of 1978, the figure of the woman remains a pivotal point in the Iranian public discourse. Furthermore, with the persistent “fight for democracy” squeezing down on the geopolitical body of Iran (in Afghanistan and Iraq), “the war against terror” has once again put the condition of Iranian women firmly on the global agenda. Against this background, the emerging image of Iranian women in film has been particularly an important mediating tool for socialization of a diverse audience to contemporary gender issues, as well as creation of a spectacular model for limitations and articulations of the feminine body in Islamic Iran. This paper aims to offer an anthropological analysis of the figure of the woman as it appears in the contemporary Iranian cinema, with intended audiences both domestically and in the global market. As a critical exploration of the Iranian visual culture, this writing is enhanced by several core questions, including: How does the figure of Iranian woman resurface in cinematic productions, as a sign of social and epistemological change during the era of political reform? What idealized models of femininity and masculinity are constructed through these diverse film productions of the last decade? How does the new wave cinema in post-revolution Iran address the seemingly tenuous relationship between religiosity and piety with articulations of gender? What roles have the revitalization of women’s social movement of the past decade had on the representation of the image of Iranian women?Iranian womenfilmsocial and epistemological changenew wave cinemaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/92f6p1p8https://escholarship.org/content/qt92f6p1p8/qt92f6p1p8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2xx4f4vc2011-07-02T11:49:31Zqt2xx4f4vcSatyriasis: The Pornographic Afterlife of Vaslav NijinskyHorowitz, Katie R.2008-02-01What is the relationship between dance and pornography? Can we trace a genealogy of gay pornography? How has the notion of the pornographic been deployed in the queering of male dancing bodies? How has the body of one male dancer been reappropriated and reinscribed within queer sexual iconography?In May of 1912, the world’s first male ballet star, Vaslav Nijinsky, launched an assault on the proprieties of Paris’ cultural elite. For three years, Nijinsky had garnered international acclaim for his unparalleled virtuosity and dramatic ability. He had also earned a degree of what queer scholar Kevin Kopelson has termed “lilac-hued notoriety” for a rather public affair with his director, Serge Diaghilev. But with the premiere of his first choreographic endeavor, Afternoon of a Faun, Nijinsky’s queer eroticism began to outstrip his technical prowess in the public imaginary. For in this performance, he abandoned the familiar pirouettes and grand jetés for which he was famed and simulated masturbation on the stage of the Théâtre du Châtelet.In the ensuing decades, Nijinsky’s body became a metaphor for ambiguous sexuality, mobilized and molded for various creative ends by queer observers who read in his autoerotic gesture a refusal of the heteronormative strictures of ballet. His image—often conflated with his legendary turn as the Faun—inspired homoerotic productions in painting, photography, literature, dance, and film. Focusing on boudoir-style photography of male dancers and the first widely-distributed gay pornographic film, Wakefield Poole’s Boys in the Sand, I trace the erotic legacy and lineage of Nijinsky and his Faun.balletsexuality of movmementqueer sexual iconographysexual ambiguityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xx4f4vchttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2xx4f4vc/qt2xx4f4vc.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3x80b8bp2011-07-02T11:34:37Zqt3x80b8bpNobody Knows Her Name: Making Sakia LegibleGreen, Kiana2009-02-01In 2004, I heard a story about a Black masculine woman who had been shot in the face at a subway station in New York after telling a man she wasn’t interested in him because she was a lesbian. For years I never knew the name of this woman, I didn’t know if the story I heard was true or not, but I believed it. I feared that one day I might also be victim of this type of hate crime, being a Black masculine woman myself. I am not sure how that story traveled to me back in my dorm in Williamstown, but once I knew it, I held on to it.queerlesbianBlack womentransgenderviolenceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x80b8bphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3x80b8bp/qt3x80b8bp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0nd580x92011-07-02T11:30:42Zqt0nd580x9Women’s Pathways to Mental Health in IndiaSood, Anubha2008-02-01In non-Western, medically plural societies, women experiencing mental distress invest greater faith in mystical-spiritual healing traditions than in biomedical psychiatry. In India as well, women predominate in magico-religious healing sites and are largely missing in psychiatric clinics. Psychiatric epidemiological data cite a ratio of one woman for every three men attending public health psychiatric outpatients’ clinics in urban India. Indian state officials view this as ‘under-utilization’ by suffering women, attributing it to the greater stigma attached to women’s mental illness that restricts help-seeking in public health facilities and/ or to the lower importance accorded to women’s health generally. Anthropologists, feminists, and other scholars of cross-cultural mental health attribute these facts, variously, to the empowering aspects of possession-trance states for women in patriarchal settings, to the oppression of biomedical psychiatry that repels women and/ or to the phenomenological construal of femininity that explains women’s greater affinity for afflictions related to spirit possession. However, all these explanations fail to speak for the complexity of women’s help-seeking behaviors in urban Indian settings and this paper aims to reason why that is the case. The highly polarized scholarly debates tend to establish superficial dichotomies by romanticizing traditional healing sites as emancipatory to women and psychiatry as essentially oppressive. Modernizing agents such as the public health enterprise constructs mystical-spiritual sites as signifiers of women’s backwardness. This paper argues for a more nuanced understanding that factors in the peculiarities of Indian psychiatry as well as traditional healing practices by adopting a comparative method that investigates both settings simultaneously.alternative medicinemental illnesspsychiatric treatmentpublic healthIndiaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nd580x9https://escholarship.org/content/qt0nd580x9/qt0nd580x9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1618k57q2011-07-02T11:12:16Zqt1618k57qThe International Instruments on Gender Pay EquityChen, Cher Weixia2008-02-01Today in the world women are earning around 78% of what men are earning. Gender pay gap ironically is still one major feature of the modern labor market, despite the fact that the right to equal pay is one of the founding principles recognized by the 1945 ILO constitution amendment.Since 1919 the right to equal pay was discussed during the preparation for the ILO constitution, scholars have been constantly making efforts to explore the potential solutions to gender pay differentials. In 1980s there was an explosion of economic research on wage determination and sociological analysis of the marketplace and occupational structure. The causes of the gender pay gap has been attributed to differences in productivity characteristics of men and women, the characteristics of enterprises and sectors employing men and women, the jobs held by women and men, the number of hours devoted to paid work, and discrimination in remuneration. One common solution proposed to solve gender pay differentials is “comparable worth” or “pay equity”, which employs some objective criterion for determining wages excluding the use of gender as one of determinants. In the past two decades, with the emerging feminist theory, gendering perspective has perpetuated into workplace policy analysis in the industrialized states. This paper examines the pertinent international standards and national policies concerning gender pay equity, seeking to explain whether and why there is compliance of this international labor standard.pay equitylaborequal payapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1618k57qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1618k57q/qt1618k57q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2522238h2011-07-02T11:08:34Zqt2522238hSex and New York: Female Relationships in Wharton and Bushnell1Kakihara, Satoko2009-02-01Although published nearly a century apart, the works of Edith Wharton and Candace Bushnell grapple with the same issue of women’s efforts to establish independence in New York City. Wharton’s The House of Mirth and The Age of Innocence, published in 1905 and 1920, exemplify this struggle in a naturalist tradition, where women find fulfillment and survival only as objects of men’s affections. The urban city, traditionally characterized as a masculine space in which society places women in a subordinate position, sets the stage for several of the authors’ works, in which women attempt to gain social footholds among men who wield their professional and financial power over them.chick litfemale relationshipsgenderurbanapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2522238hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2522238h/qt2522238h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0jt7w63q2011-07-02T10:43:14Zqt0jt7w63qPain, Desire, and Unattainable Ecstasy in Alba Tressina’s Vulnerasti cor meumJohnson, Lindsay2009-02-01Little is known about the seventeenth-century musician and composer Alba Tressina, and even less is known about her musical career, since only four of her compositions survive. She was a Clarissan nun at the church of Santa Maria in Aracoeli in the city of Vicenza, 60 kilometers west of Venice, and through the years of her stay there she rose in the monastic hierarchy to become abbess of her house. She studied music and composition with Leone Leoni, who published four of her pieces in one of his numerous books of motets. This joint publishing effort is the reason why we can discuss Tressina and her musical abilities today, for the only extant works we have of hers are those that appeared in this book. It is also because of this book of motets that we know of Tressina’s talent for musical rendition, which Leoni references in his dedication. Therein he mentions her “melodious voice” and the “graces of [her] noble compositions.” He finishes the dedication with a reference to how, when she performs these works, she gives them spiritual life, making them “breathe celestial harmony.”Alba Tressinasacred musicapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0jt7w63qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0jt7w63q/qt0jt7w63q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9275x4nx2011-07-02T10:42:26Zqt9275x4nxBe Afraid: Sarah Palin and the Emergence of a Neoconservative Feminist StandpointFarrell Kelly, John2009-02-01In August 2008, U.S. Republican presidential candidate John McCain chose Alaska Governor Sarah Palin to be the vice presidential candidate. Palin’s selection evoked a range of passionate responses. Many people were shocked: some were shocked and elated, some were shocked and appalled, and some were shocked and emotionally torn. In addition to evoking passionate responses, Palin’s selection foregrounded a wide range of issues relating to gender: the historical gender disparity in candidates, the nature of sexism in the campaign, childcare roles, and the implications of a McCain-Palin administration for women. Among these currents of gender issues, I explore one specific stream: in a rhetorical move filled with contradictions and ironies, conservatives, including Palin, have made new claims to represent feminism. I suggest these claims signify the emergence of what I call a “neoconservative feminist standpoint.” In this exploration, I revisit the idea of a feminist standpoint, with particular attention to Chela Sandoval’s theory of a differential oppositional consciousness. I suggest a theory of what I call an “oppressive consciousness” as a complement to Sandoval’s theory. Applying this framework, I suggest that the neoconservative feminist standpoint can be interpreted as an adaptive strategy of an oppressive consciousness. Furthermore, in its practice, this standpoint is primarily an antifeminism in its invitation to fear, anger, and divisiveness, and its refusal to support women’s issues. Finally, I suggest that an examination of this emerging standpoint may result in additional possibilities for effective responses.Sarah Palinfeminist standpointdifferential oppositional consciousnessapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9275x4nxhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9275x4nx/qt9275x4nx.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9gs2q4692011-07-02T10:39:40Zqt9gs2q469Western Media’s Commodification and Consumption of African Women: A Review of Three News ChannelsJatau, Mary2009-02-01Historically, western media perpetuate ideas about race and ethnicity that marginalize women of color, particularly African women. Beginning with the ‘savage’ and promiscuous images during colonial era and moving to images of despair, deprivation and helplessness represented in contemporary news and print media, western views continue to reproduce distorted images of African women. These images provide a rather complicated and problematic relationship between the representations of African women in western media, and western notions of self. These complications and (mis)representations are not incidental. They mutate in the several contradictions and ambivalence through which Africa is generally perceived as “primitive”. In this configuration, African women are not just homogenized, they are ‘commodified’ and consumed by western audiences. This homogenization effectively ignores the agency and variations of African women whose identities and realities do not fit into western media representations and discourses on them. In examining images of African women on National Geographic Channel (NGC), Cable News Network (CNN), British Broadcast Corporation (BBC), and other news media, I argue that these images valorize western “masculine gaze, and dichotomously define African women, not just against western women, but through a nexus of deprivation, and “primitivism”. This paper attempts to problematize these homogenized and Eurocentric media images that shape western perceptions of African women. Drawing upon postcolonial feminists’ perspectives, the central purpose of this paper is to explicate the cultural implications of depicting African women as homogenous helpless victims of their cultures; and to discuss how/why cultural hegemony has become so pervasive in western media.African womenpostcolonial feminismwestern mediarepresentationscultural hegemonyCNNBBCNational Geographic Channel (NGC)application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gs2q469https://escholarship.org/content/qt9gs2q469/qt9gs2q469.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2dm7m1532011-07-02T10:29:47Zqt2dm7m153Dissemination of Sexual Signifiers: Transgressive HairKafai, Shayda2009-02-01Performance artist, clown, and juggler Jennifer Miller exists in self-defined liminal space: “Liminal means: an ‘in between place.’ It means ‘in a doorway, dawn or dusky’ … In the theater, it’s when the lights go out and before the performance begins.” Living as a woman with a beard since her late teens, Miller began to actively challenge sexually codified spaces and stereotypes. Miller created Circus Amok, a circus that confronts heteronormativity and social and political injustices, as an extension of her body and the message it carries. Aware of the traditionally conflicting images of breast and full beard, Miller uses her physical appearance as a conduit to perpetually challenge the hegemonically established borders of man and woman. Simultaneously, the essential female category is also be deconstructed; the validity of these categories is questioned. It is important to note that the essentialist terms “man,” “woman,” “female,” and “male” are used in this paper maintaining Judith Butler’s notion of strategic provisionality.hairgendersexualityJennifer Millerapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2dm7m153https://escholarship.org/content/qt2dm7m153/qt2dm7m153.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt75x6w42n2011-07-02T10:29:42Zqt75x6w42nReinforcing Gendered Racial Boundaries: Unintended Consequences of the Mainstream Immigrant Rights DiscourseEscobar, Martha2009-02-01In this paper I analyze the story of Alma, a Mexican migrant woman deported after being imprisoned for five years, and Isabel, Alma’s fifteen year old daughter. Immediately after her deportation, Alma became active in the movement for immigrant rights. When Isabel joined her in Tijuana during her summer vacation, she suddenly became the voice for children of undocumented parents. Isabel was interviewed by the media and was scheduled to speak at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado. However, the story that they were asked to tell was very different from their actual experience. Rather than speaking of Alma’s imprisonment, she was represented as a dedicated working mother who was detained by ICE while at work. Through an analysis of the media’s narrative, I argue that the representation of their story reinforces gendered racial ideas about who deserves protection and who deserves punishment.Mexicanmigrantimmigrationnarrativeapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/75x6w42nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt75x6w42n/qt75x6w42n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7w54r6842011-07-02T10:22:42Zqt7w54r684Nationalism, Conflict and the Feminist Subject Among Modern Iraqi WomenMacDougall, Susan2009-02-01The American occupation of Iraq, now widely acknowledged in many progressive and not-necessarily progressive circles as an ill-conceived initiative, went through numerous phases in its justification. After the United States government realized that there were no weapons of mass destruction to be found in the country, its rhetoric in framing the war shifted quickly to emphasize democracy, a significant element of which was the liberation of women. This argument used Iraq as a symbol for the backward and traditional stereotypes of the Middle East, and emphasized its despotic government and ‘tribal’ mentality to frame the invasion as an effort in the name of humanity’s collective progress toward Western modernity. Considerable ink has been spilled elsewhere contesting and condemning that narrative; I will not take up the question of its validity today. Instead, I would like to discuss some of the ways that Iraqi women are now articulating and remembering Saddam Hussein’s Iraq, particularly the situation for women therein, and the manner in which those narratives can be understood as a response and a resistance to the American decision to frame the occupation in terms of women’s rights.IraqIraqi womensubjectivitySaddam Husseinoccupationresistanceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w54r684https://escholarship.org/content/qt7w54r684/qt7w54r684.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1070z0662011-07-02T10:03:29Zqt1070z066The Importance of Gender Studies for Predynastic Egypt: A Case Study of Cemetery N7000 at Naga-ed-DeirLords, Krystal2008-02-01In the study of ancient cultures, gender issues are often ignored. Although Egyptology generally follows this trend, several publications have examined the status and role of women in Dynastic Egypt, concluding that Egyptian women were unusually powerful and independent in comparison to other contemporary cultures. These Dynastic gender analyses are primarily based upon evidence from artistic and textual sources. Because of the lack of this type of evidence from earlier periods, Predynastic Egypt is often overlooked or studied only for data concerning patterns of state formation and the rise of social complexity. Scholars sometimes briefly note that Predynastic women were even more powerful than their Dynastic successors, with the explanation that Egypt was a matriarchal civilization before state formation, but without providing any concrete evidence. The application of gender theories to Predynastic Egypt is insightful, not only because the results add pertinent information to ongoing discussions, but also because the focus is shifted to the Egyptian as an individual. I propose applying gender studies to the Egyptian Predynastic Period, beginning with a case study at Cemetery N7000 of Naga-ed-Deir, where the skeletal remains and associated artifacts are excellently preserved. While the great disparity in burial goods at the site has been previously discussed, the strong patterns concerning the placement of certain objects according to the biological sex of the individual have yet to be recognized. Investigating these patterns, and others like them, is the first of many steps toward gaining an increased understanding of the Predynastic Egyptians through the essential adoption of gender studies.Egyptdynastiesmatriarchalmatriarchyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1070z066https://escholarship.org/content/qt1070z066/qt1070z066.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3b73h93k2011-07-02T10:03:23Zqt3b73h93kWomen’s Aboriginal Art: Negotiating Two CulturesKlein, Shana2008-02-01In the 20th century art market, women’s Aboriginal art was perceived as something insignificant and easy to create. During the last half of the century, female Aboriginal artists were under-valued, under-researched, and poorly marketed. Not only were they paid significantly less, but they were also considered less talented than male Aboriginal artists. Nevertheless, the 21st century shows a shift away from these sexist notions as Aboriginal women negotiate new styles in their artwork.As women’s artwork diversified from the traditional Aboriginal style, Australian galleries started exhibiting more of women’s paintings. In developing a new style, Aboriginal women like Emily Kgnwarreye, Destiny Deacon, and Tracey Moffatt have achieved greater respect, visibility, and value in today’s art market. However, scholars argue whether this new style is authentically Aboriginal or a product of Western missionization.In straying from traditional Aboriginal painting, some art historians see the women’s’ artistic deviation as a betrayal to Aboriginal culture. For, with the introduction of new media, it is clear that women’s artwork looks distinctly “Western”, and almost Impressionistic, rather than traditionally “Aboriginal.” Despite their “Western” appearance, some scholars argue that the works of women artists like Kngwarreye, Deacon, and Moffatt are seeped in Aboriginal subject matter. Thus, viewers are uncertain on how to interpret women’s Aboriginal artwork. This uncertainty has not only brought attention to Aboriginal artists but has provoked scholars to take a second look at how Aboriginal women negotiate Western and Aboriginal influences in their artwork.indigenous artaboriginal artfemale artistsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3b73h93khttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3b73h93k/qt3b73h93k.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1r4723kz2011-07-02T10:03:18Zqt1r4723kzCirculating Flames: Sati, Bridget Cleary and the Fiery “Native Woman”McIvor, Charlotte A.2008-02-01The practice of sati and its attendant social and political discourse has been much debated and has placed the body of the sacrificed widow at the center of many fields. However, the “burning native woman” did not only offer herself as a convenient confirmation of the good intentions of the British colonial government only in India but also proffered herself in the late 19th century in another British colony, Ireland. On March 15, 1895, Bridget Cleary was burned to death in her own home in County Tipperary, Ireland by her husband as a group of friends and relatives looked on. Her death was the climax of a grueling nine-day “fairy trial.” These events proved significant far beyond Ireland as the brutal nature of Bridget’s death prompted wide criticism that Ireland was too “primitive” to be trusted with its own governance due to the “backwards” beliefs of its people. Bridget’s death became an event through which to talk about the future of Ireland’s desired freedom, its women, and relationship to “modernity.” “Mother Ireland” in the guise of Bridget Cleary became a subject to talk through in a manner similar to the women obscured through the sati debates as understood by Lata Mani and others. By bringing the remembrance(s) of Bridget Cleary’s death and sati into conversation, I interrogate how the (fiery) bodies of women are called into service as “neither the subjects nor the primary concerns” of the symbolic discourses of British colonial rule. Thus, their bodies operate at the level of spectacular presentation and fetish. Even today, the deaths of these women continue to be obsessively staged as a site of horror linked closely to pleasure through popular accounts, books, theatre, songs, and folklore. Do these recirculations continue to make questionable use of these stories or afford them a new chance for representation? In addition, by bringing Indian and Irish colonialisms into conversation with one another, how does an address of these linked uses of suffering women as the fodder for debates about colonialism enable a local well as global history of British imperialism to emerge?satisacrificeapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r4723kzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1r4723kz/qt1r4723kz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4046q22t2011-07-02T10:03:13Zqt4046q22tQueens of the Dancehall and Rudegyals: Rasta Women and Reggae-Dancehall in BrazilMcFarlane, Marisa2008-02-01This woman carries the voices of her community through expressions of strength, savvy, and sexuality. She is bold and beautiful, brave and bountiful. She is the Rastafarian queen and the rudegyal of the dancehall. The Reggae-Dancehall sound system culture originated in Jamaica and was popularized during the 1970’s and 1980’s. Since then, this music has reached the far ends of the globe, affecting not only music, but also culture and religion. Quite recently—within the last five to ten years—a large Dancehall scene has erupted in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During six weeks of fieldwork in this region last summer spent living with and traveling with musicians, I have seen a range of performances, had many interviews, conversations, and experiences with many members of this bourgeoning music scene. A few women in particular, such as Lei Di Dai, Ivy of Familia 7Velas, and Sista Carol Jahffe, are recognized within their community for expressing messages and images of strong women. These women portray diverse personalities through their stage personas and lyrical content. Implementing black feminist theory and concepts of gender and musical performance, is vital for perspectives from black women concerning black women. This exploration will focus on the emergence and experiences of black females, standing out within a male-dominated field of Reggae-Dancehall, in the urban jungles of Sureste (Southeast) Brazil.ReggaeDancehallBrazilapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4046q22thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4046q22t/qt4046q22t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5jz9x9762011-07-02T09:34:51Zqt5jz9x976Taking a Break to Think through Gender and Regulation: Doping as a Case StudyHenne, Kathryn2009-02-01In admitting to perjury before two grand juries during investigations into Bay Area Laboratory Cooperative (BALCO) steroid ring and a related check fraud ring, Marion Jones received a six-month sentence followed by a two-year probationary period. Consequently, these very same actions spurred another set of punitive mechanisms in which Jones was stripped of the five Olympic medals she won during the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, for a so-called crime separate from perjury—that is, cheating in sport. Subject to two formal modes of punishment, Jones occupies a space of transgression that has marked her body as criminal—in fact, a felon— for overstepping the ethical boundaries of performance enhancement.steroidsdopingsportsgenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5jz9x976https://escholarship.org/content/qt5jz9x976/qt5jz9x976.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt376973162011-07-02T09:25:49Zqt37697316Queer Femme Representation: Disrupting ‘Woman’Haller, Martinique2009-02-01Minnie Bruce Pratt describes what femme means to her when she says “For me, femme is a place of resistance to [that] degradation, a place to divest femininity of limiting stereotypes, and a place to assert the power and dignity of femaleness” (Pratt 197). Femme has often been charged with reinforcing outdated and un-feminist stereotypes of women, especially when femme is paired with butch. A femme/butch pairing has been accused of imitating heterosexuality, or at best, heteronormativity. These ways of understanding femme are predicated on the idea of the femme as the butch’s other half, but femme exists on its own. Pratt, like many self-identified femmes, finds a queer femme identity to be empowering: “a place of resistance.” How, then does a woman who is performing femininity do this? To brush aside a queer femme as imitative of straight women, as ‘passing’ in order to access heterosexual privilege at the expense of a butch counterpart is overly simplistic. Furthermore, if we continue to locate the subversion of femininity on butch dykes or masculine lesbians, we reify the old category of ‘woman’ while holding up ‘woman’ as weak and a natural, fixed category. This occurs when we look at visibly butch lesbians and call their femininity subversive because it is not concerned with stereotypically feminine ways of being like submissiveness or weakness thus relegating traits like these to the category of woman. This way of thinking reproduces the patriarchal discourse that exists in the dominant culture within queer communities. It is problematic in that it leads to the devaluing of queer femmes as a result of reading feminine appearance without a critical eye through the lens of misogyny.femmequeerfeministstereotypeapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/37697316https://escholarship.org/content/qt37697316/qt37697316.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5pw7z23m2011-07-02T09:09:06Zqt5pw7z23mThe Roles of Women, Children and Men in Household Food Planning, Purchasing, Preparation and Consumption in Santiago, CubaGarth, Hanna2009-02-01This work explores the roles of Women, Children and Men in Household food planning, purchasing, preparation and consumption in Santiago de Cuba. The data for this investigation were collected over a 10-week period during the Summer of 2008. This work focuses on Cuba’s second largest city, Santiago, located in the southeastern part of the island, Santiago provides an urban setting through which to view urban food cultivation and food symbolism in Cuba. Little scholarly work has been published on food issues in Santiago. Santiago is generally perceived of as being more “rural” than Havana; Santiagueros often selfidentify as guajieros or peasants, though the population is about 500,000 people and the average population density is about 500 people per square kilometer. Santiago’s tropical climate provides ideal growing conditions for many crops, including sugar, tobacco, coffee and fruit.Cubafood planninghouseholdapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pw7z23mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5pw7z23m/qt5pw7z23m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt12x1c3fj2011-07-02T09:08:28Zqt12x1c3fjMilitary Women: Navigating Complicated Gender Boundaries in the Pursuit of a Career in a Masculine Gendered OrganizationFuria, Stacie R.2009-02-01In spite of the totalitarian rule the U.S. military has over soldiers’ lives, many members of the armed forces find ways to confront and resist certain social and cultural principals and standards integrated into military policy, which undermine various groups’ participation within the institution. This resistance challenges particular facets of military policy, specifically those associated with social stereotypes, without undermining the overall goals of the institution. Women are one such group who find themselves facing rules and regulations that demonstrate the military’s ambivalent relationship with their service. The military has a hard time deciding on women’s roles and place within the institution. While the Army has long since reconciled itself to the necessity of women’s presence and participation (Manning 2005), and even fights to maintain or extend their current level of involvement (Jervis 2005), it still has not after all these years figured out how to successfully integrate women. The military continues to struggle with regulations regarding women’s membership in the Armed Services. From hairstyles and uniforms to training expectations and physical standards, the official policies for women’s participation in the military leave women under pressure to fit into an “Army of One” where the one is not female, nor does the Army know what to do with females. Complicating matters further are the social and cultural expectations of gender individual members of the military bring with them to their roles. Gender has thus become a matter of great ambivalence within the military; women are acknowledged as necessary, yet their presence complicates the military’s mission of uniformity and also challenges the maintenance of a hegemonically masculine institution. While the contradiction present within this ambivalence leaves women precariously placed within the institution, female soldiers find ways to overcome the limitations placed on them based on their sex in order to succeed within the institution.gendermilitarywomenapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/12x1c3fjhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt12x1c3fj/qt12x1c3fj.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt79q7k0s12011-07-02T09:07:36Zqt79q7k0s1Whose Gender?: Exploring Representations in Kenyan Social Studies TextbooksFoulds, Kim2009-02-01One of the United Nations’ (UN) eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aims ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling by 2015. Highlighting the need to educate girls, the UN asserts that meeting the Education Goal will speed progress toward every other Millennium Goal, asserting that educating children helps reduce poverty and promote gender equality. “It is inextricably linked to Goal 3 – gender parity – as universal primary education by definition requires gender parity.”1Kenyagirls educationgirlstextbookrepresentationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/79q7k0s1https://escholarship.org/content/qt79q7k0s1/qt79q7k0s1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt98h2h28t2011-07-02T08:58:44Zqt98h2h28tDelightful Escapes: U. S. Female Mountaineers Travel Abroad, 1890-1915Ernie-Steighner, Jenny2009-02-01By the late 1800s many elite U.S. men and women found healthful exercise, mental reinvigoration, and camaraderie within the country’s rapidly growing mountaineering community. Following this trend, Bullock Workman and Peck first experienced mountaineering not abroad, but at home in New Hampshire’s White Mountains. During the second-half of the 1800s Peck ventured to the range as a young child with her father and Bullock Workman as a newly married woman. Though the White Mountains are quite conservative in height compared to the ranges of their later adventures in the Andes and Himalayas respectively, with their peaks reaching an average of only 4,000 feet, these excursions allowed Peck and Bullock Workman to experience firsthand the rewarding exertion of climbing not only alongside the men in their lives but also within proximity of other women.mountaineerswomenVictorianapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/98h2h28thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt98h2h28t/qt98h2h28t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1gh0r9h22011-07-02T08:55:23Zqt1gh0r9h2King and King: Learning to Treat Others Royally Through Diversity EducationDube', Danielle2009-02-01Of the hate crimes reported to the FBI in 2007, 16.6% were the result of a sexual orientation bias. In the wake of horrific hate crimes such as the shooting and death of Lawrence King earlier this year, killed because of his sexual orientation, and the murder of Matthew Shepard ten years ago, homophobia and its effects must be addressed. A proposed solution to the problem is mandatory diversity education in public schools, with no parental opt out.homophobiasexualityeducationlawapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gh0r9h2https://escholarship.org/content/qt1gh0r9h2/qt1gh0r9h2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt61k265vv2011-07-02T08:30:25Zqt61k265vvFeminism and Pornography after the Sex Wars: Diversifying PornographyDay, Allison2009-02-01Both through its newfound prominence in mainstream popular culture, and by the sheer mass of material available to the consumer, the dictates of mainstream pornography on conceptions of gender and sexuality are at best highly visible and at worst deeply resonant within the cultural psyche. Using the force of the viscerally and psychologically affective medium of graphic sexual imagery, what I term "mainstream" pornography consistently maps binary gender roles to dominant and submissive power relations.pornographysex warsfeminismqueerapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/61k265vvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt61k265vv/qt61k265vv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9fb7c58x2011-07-02T08:27:39Zqt9fb7c58xMama Mía! How Gender Stereotyping May Play a Role in the Prosecution of Child Fatality CasesChung, Sandra2009-02-01In 2006, an estimated 1,530 children died in the United States due to maltreatment.2 This figure, a slight increase from 2005,3 translates into an astounding average of four child fatalities per day. Tragically, one or both parents were responsible for almost 76% of child maltreatment fatalities.4 Statistics seem to indicate that mothers are responsible for more child fatalities than fathers, with mothers acting alone accounting for 27.4%, fathers acting alone accounting for 13.1%, and mothers and fathers acting together accounting for 22.4%.5 These heartbreaking statistics suggest that parents, rather than protecting their children, are sometimes a grave threat to them. But a close examination of some of the cases reveals another, equally troubling, pattern.childrenfatalitychild maltreatmentapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fb7c58xhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9fb7c58x/qt9fb7c58x.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt79r8n31q2011-07-02T07:51:50Zqt79r8n31qLion and Lamb—The Strong Black Woman Gets Abused: “Afflictions of Specialness” in Post-Feminist and Post-Civil Rights FilmSheppard, Samantha N.2009-02-01Black women are an endangered species. An endangered species is defined as “anyone or anything whose continued existence is threatened.”i In both American society and popular culture, this definition holds true for African American women. If a Black woman goes missing, she will rarely, if ever, be the topic of a primetime news special. Displaced from social discourses, Black women’s assault in popular media’s hegemonic narratives is peripheral and often unnoticed.Black womencinemafilm studiesfeminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/79r8n31qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt79r8n31q/qt79r8n31q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt75j8103k2011-07-02T07:51:41Zqt75j8103kThick Description, Fat Talk: An Ethnography of Embodied Interactions Between Women in a “Plus Sized” Clothing StoreElmen-Gruys, Kjerstin2008-02-01When and how do female-female interactions work to promote boundaries rather than cohesion between women? Because mainstream American society holds strong aesthetic preferences for female thinness, a shared “fear of fatness” might create common ties between women as they recognize shared pressures to conform to a slender ideal. Yet, given the wide range of body sizes and sub-cultures among American women, this same mainstream cultural preference may work to define boundaries between thin and fat women, and between women who ascribe to mainstream (white) beauty culture and those who do not. The current investigation builds upon previous research identifying a social norm for women to engage in “fat talk”, a term which refers to ritualized verbal exchange during which women express body dissatisfaction to each other. Previous work conceptualizes “fat talk” as a normative interaction that reinforces social bonds between women, yet this research has drawn upon interactions occurring in either experimental conditions or amongst primarily white, middle-class women of average weight. To more completely understand the meaning and function of “fat talk”, this investigation draws upon over 200 hours of ethnographic fieldwork and participant observation of “fat talk” in a racially diverse “plus size” women’s clothing store. Results indicate that “fat talk” often reinforces cohesion and shared experiences and understandings among women of similar body types and ethnic/class backgrounds. However, attempts at ritualized “fat talk” between women of different body types or ethnic backgrounds tended to prompt sanctioning and boundary-making behaviors. Results are discussed as they relate to theoretical understandings of inequality between women.obesitybody weightapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/75j8103khttps://escholarship.org/content/qt75j8103k/qt75j8103k.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6kq0k6m12011-07-02T07:51:37Zqt6kq0k6m1The Role Replaced: Unmarried Taiwanese Women and the Foreign BridesChen, Yu NingChin, Mong Hwa2008-02-01According to the official statistics in Taiwan, among the registered marriages between 2001 and 2006, 22.25 percent are the so called cross- border marriages, which are composed of Taiwanese grooms: mostly uneducated, low-waged, less-attractive candidates in local marriage market, and their foreign brides: young, docile, alleged to be virgin, coming from China and south-east Asia. The status of marriage migrant is subordinated and tottering: they are depicted as immoral women who marry for money; their visa kidnapped by their marriages; their fertility controlled by the government, and their bodies undergo 54,000 cases of reported domestic violence per year. The hyper-mobility and free trade that globalization has brought appears to offer women from developing counties a new business: trading themselves for a delusion promised by intermediary agents and the clash of dreams that shortly follows.In contrast, in 2006, about 65 percent of Taiwanese women, in their age between 25 to 29, choose to remain single. Women in Taiwan are responsible for 48.7 percent of the work force. Despite the economic independence and autonomy they are gaining, Taiwanese women are accused of failing to fulfill the obligation originally assigned. While they are allowed the liberty to refuse marital contract, their betrayal remains unforgivable.This paper will scrutinize the commodified marriage in Taiwan, in the perspective of the Taiwanese women, who used to shoulder the childbearing and the domestic labor imposing by patriarchism; the foreign brides, to whom the duties are now outsourced; the distinct life experience they go through; the upward mobility they both seek; and how they look each other.application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6kq0k6m1https://escholarship.org/content/qt6kq0k6m1/qt6kq0k6m1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2n56g0862011-07-02T07:51:31Zqt2n56g086Institutional Perpetuation of Rape Culture: A Case Study of the University of Colorado Football Rape and Recruiting ScandalFolchert, Kristi Engle2008-02-01Heterosexual rape among university students is neither new nor uncommon. Research in rape prevention is largely limited to two areas: (1) what women can do to protect themselves from rape, which continues to place the burden of prevention on women; and (2) understanding why men rape. The studies in these fields have added to the body of knowledge surrounding rape on university campuses. The current study takes this information into consideration while using a different lens to examine the University's role, as an institution, in perpetuating rape culture.This study specifically analyzes the rape and recruiting scandal at the University of Colorado at Boulder to better understand how the University, through its reactions to a lawsuit brought against it by three rape victims, perpetuated the rape culture pervading its football community. This ongoing research brings together the fields of institutional theory, theories on sporting masculinities, and feminist rape theories. Additionally, it takes an intersectional feminist approach to examine the dimensions of gender, race, class, and sexuality that are vital to understanding rape, athletics, student life, and one's interactions with institutions. The goal of this work is neither to blame the University of Colorado for the rapes that occurred among its students, nor to relieve the perpetrators of their responsibility. It is the aim of this research to illustrate the systemic nature of rape culture and hence to show that rape is a wide spread societal problem that cannot be pathologized, individualized, or ignored.rapeUniversity policyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n56g086https://escholarship.org/content/qt2n56g086/qt2n56g086.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5431p33m2011-07-02T07:51:27Zqt5431p33mShaping Gender: Vietnamese Nail Technicians in Northern CaliforniaPhan, Le2009-02-01Most of the literature on nail technicians has focus on Korean nail salons in New York City. The few studies on Vietnamese nail technicians have only focused on women’s roles but have not addressed Vietnamese men who also work in these spaces. On the other hand, studies on gendered work have looked at men in feminized occupations such as nursing, librarianship, elementary school teaching, and social work. But these occupations have not taken race into account. In order to bridge this gap, my research focuses on Vietnamese women and men working in nail salons. Therefore, this study provides a glimpse into gendered work, insight that has not been previously studied by other scholars.genderworkVietnamesewomengendered workapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5431p33mhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5431p33m/qt5431p33m.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8rm5m2dq2011-07-02T07:51:22Zqt8rm5m2dqDeath Penalty: How Newspaper Coverage Has Perpetuated Negative Stereotypes about Female Violence & Gender RolesKraybill, Jeanine E.2009-02-01On July 5, 1934, Nellie Madison was sentenced to death by the state of California for first-degree murder, becoming the first woman in the state to receive the death sentence. Her trial sparked a media frenzy. Being married five times and rejecting her Irish-Catholic background posed a threat to the status quo. This was reflected by newspaper coverage of the case. The Los Angeles Times reported on her “matrimonial adventures” and presented a negative view of her unconventionality. Much of their “reporting” focused on Nellie’s past relationships, looks, demeanor, and non-traditional female role. None of this had to do with the charge of murdering her husband. In the years and decades that followed, other women in the state of California were charged with murder and sentenced to death. The press coverage of these women often focused on aspects not related to the crime. Instead, their coverage focused on their past, sexual promiscuity, physical appearance and non traditional role as women. This paper will examine six female death penalty cases (spanning from 1934-2004) in the state of California, as covered by the Los Angeles Times. This examination will expose how the newspaper’s coverage of these cases has not changed largely overtime, hence perpetuating negative stereotypes about female violence and gender roles. It will also demonstrate that society tends to assign unattractive and negative traits to females who commit acts of violence, in order to rationalize the use of the death penalty. This paper will integrate content analysis in its discussion.death penaltycrimesgenderviolenceCaliforniaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rm5m2dqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8rm5m2dq/qt8rm5m2dq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9k05j9j72011-07-02T07:51:17Zqt9k05j9j7“My Body the Lesson”: Queering Black Women’s Subjectivities in The Street and SymptomaticQuinn, Rachel Afi2008-02-01As twentieth-century black women writers, Ann Petry and Danzy Senna have used the form of the novel to construct multifaceted black women’s subjectivities through what Mae Henderson refers to as “simultaneity of discourse”. By including characters in their novels that inhabit non-normative bodies, both Petry with The Street(1946) and Senna with Symptomatic(2004) expand our notions of what it means to be female and black. This paper will theorize the “queer of color” identities of two particular female characters introduced in these novels: Mrs. Hedges, a marginal character in Petry’s famous novel, and the unnamed protagonist of Senna’s lesser known work. Undefined gender identity and ambiguous racial identity, respectively, open up the possibility in the texts that these complex black female characters represent non-normative sexual orientations as well. Initially, my literary analysis reveals how Petry’s disfigured, masculinized Mrs. Hedges works in dialectical relationship to the her protagonist, thereby depicting the single black female in the urban ghetto as a threat to U.S. heteropatriachy of the 1940s. Subsequently, I turn to Symptomatic—in the same urban landscape some 50 years later—to explore in greater detail how Senna’s protagonist is queered by her non-normative body. To expand an understanding of how physical difference constructs the subjectivity of black women, I apply a queer of color theory to my literary analysis of these two texts and make essential connections to emergent disability studies.black women writersAnn Petrydisability studiesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9k05j9j7https://escholarship.org/content/qt9k05j9j7/qt9k05j9j7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4gh3w92w2011-07-02T07:51:12Zqt4gh3w92wExposing Virginal Bodies in Early Norman EnglandHiga, Stephen M.2008-02-01Goscelin of Saint-Bertin came to England from France some time around 1060, a few years before William of Normandy took the English throne in 1066. Although a French immigrant at the time of colonization, Goscelin was a staunch Anglo-Saxon apologist. After his arrival, he composed the biographies of several Anglo-Saxon saints, all female virgins from the monastery at Ely. These saints’ lives (hagiographies) were written to prove to the doubtful Norman authorities that the native saints were legitimate. But there is a hidden undercurrent to Goscelin’s hagiographies.His narratives abound with stories in which the tomb of the saint is forced open to reveal a corpse that is not decayed but miraculously radiant and supple and lifelike. Understandably, the (male) observers cannot believe their eyes. So they reach in to touch, to test, to discover the truth with their fingers. Goscelin’s own rhetorical flourishes, which describe the luminous beauty of the virginal corpse, also serve to expose the bodies and lay them bare to examination.When one understands these hagiographies to be a sort of ‘religious pornography,’ then, one recalls Malek Alloula’s assertion that the exposure of female bodies is implicit in any colonial enterprise. By reaching deep into a cloistered realm, grasping the female bodies found there, and revealing what should have remained hidden, Goscelin participated in the penetrating thrust of the Norman conquest--even as he sought to allay it--by controlling Anglo-Saxon society through its symbolic and powerful women.SaintshagiographiesEarly Norman Englandapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gh3w92whttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4gh3w92w/qt4gh3w92w.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt590803wp2011-07-02T07:51:08Zqt590803wpGender Identity in Action: Chinese Female Activists’ Gender Repertoires in a Globalizing ContextHan, Ling2008-02-01Chinese feminism has undergone a complex and intriguing development. Chinese women were first acculturated with Marxist women’s liberation ideology during the Mao era, and during the 1995 United Nations Fourth Conference on Women in Beijing, Chinese female activists were open to new possibilities of gender consciousness. The shift in Chinese gender ideologies denotes a change in the emphasis on gender sameness to difference. Given this background, this paper examines the gender consciousness adopted by the Chinese female activists in Beijing and argues that “gender”(xinbei) is still a floating concept in China. The cultural frame of gender consciousness adopted by the female activists depends on their social and cultural location, and the activists personal repertoires of gender consciousness serve as a tool kit to draw from during times of organizing. The patchworks of gender consciousness allow activists to maneuver with the authoritarian government and also work with international funding agencies. The paper first explores the different usages adopted by female activists to convey the idea of “gender” and is analyzed according to activists’ social and cultural upbringings. “Gender” is an umbrella concept in China, which is sometimes equated with “women/female,” sometimes alluding to socialist ideals of female emancipation, or connoting the social construction aspect of “gender” in a Western context. The paper then discusses the prevailing gender repertoires that existed in China and how the concept of “gender”(xinbei) and “social gender”(shehui xinbei) is conceptualized and allowed spaces for practical action.Chinese feminismgendercultural tool kitrepertoiresapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/590803wphttps://escholarship.org/content/qt590803wp/qt590803wp.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt43s5k7nf2011-07-02T06:00:55Zqt43s5k7nfAni Geh Bisrael: Zionism and the Paradox of Gay RightsDaniel, Tallie Ben2007-02-01Democracy and human rights have barely reached most of the Middle East. Many women and minorities lack equality. Not surprisingly, life for gays and lesbians can be difficult. Members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered communities are frequently harassed, persecuted and sometimes even executed. It’s a place where many lesbian and gay people live in fear and isolation. But in the middle of all this, you’ll find Israel, and open-minded gay-friendly Tel Aviv.sexualitygay rightsMiddle Eastapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/43s5k7nfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt43s5k7nf/qt43s5k7nf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0rq9p31g2011-07-02T06:00:50Zqt0rq9p31gNo Child Left Behind or Every Teacher under Surveillance?: Revealing Patriarchal Ideologies of Surveillance and ControlPitzer, Heidi K.2008-02-01This paper addresses how the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act uses patriarchal control to paper over issues of inequalities in education. While NCLB is set up to “save” public schools, I argue that it fails both students and teachers: it does not attend to the structural reasons why poor children and children of color are left behind or even center these children in its reforms; instead, it relies on and furthers the feminization of teaching, using teachers as convenient scapegoats, and it leaves class and race privilege intact. Its central focus on “high quality teachers,” in conjunction with centralized policies of curriculum and pedagogy, targets and blames predominantly female teachers as workers, ultimately reproducing patriarchal relations.Besides noting some of the now widespread criticisms of NCLB's practical components such as one-size-fits-all standardized testing, underfunding, and racial and economic school segregation, I consider NCLB's ideological underpinnings of surveillance and control. Specifically, through an analysis of its discourses around teacher quality, scientifically-based research and practice, and assessment and measurable outcomes, I examine how NCLB arises out of a paternal and capitalist ideology and how it allows for particular kinds of gendered, racialized, and patriarchal control.No Child Left Behindeducationeducation reformapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rq9p31ghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0rq9p31g/qt0rq9p31g.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6dk9s8vv2011-07-02T03:02:53Zqt6dk9s8vvCounseling African-American women with the Sistas Embracing Empowerment (SEE) modelStepney, Chantal2008-02-01Research from the last two decades indicates that African-American women have faced extreme mental health challenges in overcoming experiences of isolation, depression and somatization. Unfortunately, the sources of these stressors are largely attributed to racial and gender discrimination and societal expectations and norms associated with African-American women. Additionally, minimal research has been conducted to determine the most effective counseling approaches to aid this population. A current literature review of published research from practitioners and researchers in the field, along with feminist scholars supports this claim. The exploration of the “multiple jeopardies/multiple consciousness” and “Black superwoman” phenomena, as well as other concerns that largely impact the lives of African-American women proposes that culturally specific and relevant counseling strategies must be implemented to appropriately serve and help empower clients struggling with these concerns. The infusion of the “Sista” Intervention, Herstory, Empowerment, Rapport and Spirituality (H.E.R.S.) model, and group therapy supplemented by bibliotherapy and rooted in a womanist versus feminist approach is offered. The collaboration of these approaches aim to provide an eclectic and culturally respectful intervention strategy to employ in both individual and support group counseling for African-American women experiencing such distress. A case study and dialogue have also been proposed as a demonstration of how this model can ultimately lead “sistas” blinded by the frustrations of daily living to “SEE”—Sistas Embracing Empowerment.mental healthAfrican American womensororitybibliotherapyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6dk9s8vvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6dk9s8vv/qt6dk9s8vv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8jm5d8vj2011-07-02T03:02:45Zqt8jm5d8vjIn the Beginning, there was rhythm: Embodiment, divinity, and punk rock spirituality in the music of The SlitsApolloni, Alexandra2009-02-01At the opening of the Mystic Fable, Michel de Certeau introduces his readers to the figure of the madwoman. This madwoman is a spiritual figure who occupies an interstitial space, being at once of this world and of the body, while also able to channel the divine. De Certeau’s mad, mystic woman represents an abject body, constructed from humanity’s scraps. She is the embodiment of all that is excessive, and while this places her outside of society, it nonetheless permits her to introduce new possibilities and new means of communicating and speaking. Her words cross lines, existing outside of the modes of speech to which we are accustomed, creating new meanings, resulting in a form of mystic speech.1Michel de CerteaumadwomanBritish punk rockapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jm5d8vjhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8jm5d8vj/qt8jm5d8vj.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5st6q2t42011-07-02T03:02:40Zqt5st6q2t4Citizenship Porn within the Frame: Visualizing Techniques, Cyberspace, and the Production of “Undocumented”Moran, Erin2007-02-01Citizenship porn lies at the nexus of gender, citizenship, race, and sexuality. It indicates much about power embedded in our body-making practices, as well as the ways in which differential value is produced. As such, in this paper I ask, what makes porn and citizenship compatible? How does citizenship porn produce epistemological value (embedded with hierarchy), and what value is produced through this union? To engage these questions, this analysis is developed in two parts. First, it is argued that as a visualizing technique, citizenship porn provides a frame through which the meaning of “undocumented” as a subject category is produced. The second part of the analysis considers what this epistemological value might look like. The “perverse body” is taken as an example. Finally, I conclude with a discussion of the possibilities for this project in the future.pornographic narrativeraceundocumented workersapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5st6q2t4https://escholarship.org/content/qt5st6q2t4/qt5st6q2t4.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5vf3p9n72011-07-02T03:02:34Zqt5vf3p9n7Affirming incarcerated women of color as HIV experts: Feminist insight into the possibilities of HIV education and participatory action researchHentz, Kathleen2008-02-01How can participatory action research (PAR) and innovative sexuality education improve HIV prevention strategies for women of color? What lessons about sexuality, education, and justice can feminist educators and researchers take from a collaborative project that involves faculty, health educators, students, and incarcerated women of color? Using ethnographic and interview data from an ongoing project in San Francisco County Jail, I explore the pedagogical possibilities found at the intersections of incarceration, participation, and education with and for women of color. In PAR HIV workshops, women work together to offer lessons on health and sexuality that are appropriate for incarcerated women of color. My analysis demonstrates the need to expand conceptions of HIV education to include discussions of structural inequalities including racism, sexism, and heterosexism. Such expansion will allow feminist educators and researchers to expose HIV as a community and social issue and not perpetuate the racist and sexist blame typically directed at individuals. Women of color in particular are vilified for their sexuality; further, queer female sexualities are often absent in HIV and sexuality education. It is imperative that HIV prevention pursue alternative discourses of empowerment.This project promises to yield new theories of HIV prevention education that bridge the divide between a traditional model of knowledge as means to preventing HIV and a model of empowerment and engagement as a path to healthy sexuality. Including participants’ expertise and experience allows women of all races and sexualities new access to HIV education.HIVParticipatory Action Research (PAR)health educationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5vf3p9n7https://escholarship.org/content/qt5vf3p9n7/qt5vf3p9n7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2t5660dj2011-07-02T03:02:25Zqt2t5660djDomestic Violations in Spanish Cinema: Reframing Gendered Violence OnscreenSaenz, Noelia2009-02-01This presentation is part of a dissertation chapter that explores how representations of gendered violence in contemporary Spanish cinema are indicative of a larger shift towards viewing gendered violence as a human rights issue. In recent years, mainstream Spanish films, such as Te doy mis ojos (dir. Icíar Bollaín, 2003), Sólo mía (dir. Javier Balaquer, 2001), and Piedras (dir. Ramón Salazar, 2002), focus on the issue of domestic violence, referred to in Spain as terrorismo familiar, familiar terrorism, which emphasizes how domestic abuse is more than just a violent act, but a violent act whose goal is to intimidate its victim along ideological lines. While these films focus mainly on domestic violence within Spain, this shift towards thinking about gendered violence as a human rights violation is indicative of a larger attempt to promote gender equality within the Spanish and Latin American contexts and illustrates a decisive move away from North American and Northern European feminist thought and practice, which is either seen as the female counterpart of machismo or as a form of cultural imperialism that overlooks the cultural specificity of gender identity in the Ibero-American world.gender violenceSpaincinemaSpanish Cinemaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t5660djhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2t5660dj/qt2t5660dj.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3139s5792011-07-02T03:02:22Zqt3139s579Bodies Into Bits: A Reparative Approach to Informationalizing the BodyHixon, James2009-02-01There is a longstanding conflict between information and matter, a tension which is highly evident within the discipline of information studies today. The proliferation of digital archives and libraries has raised challenging questions about the relationship between the informational and material qualities of objects. In a world in which everything is becoming digital, the turn to privilege the informational content of objects over their material presence raises concerns about originality and authenticity, ownership and authorship. Bodies, like archival records or books, are information objects. It is not surprising, then, in this cultural moment, that a plethora of research, dialogue, and art focuses on the changing role of the body in the information age. But though it is common to associate information and the body through contemporary digital technologies, this paper is predicated on the argument that this relationship in fact long precedes our ability to turn bodies into bits.bodiesinformationqueerinformation objectsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3139s579https://escholarship.org/content/qt3139s579/qt3139s579.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2hp521v62011-07-02T03:02:15Zqt2hp521v6Water and Women’s Empowerment in the Ferghana Valley: Agency of Older Women from Soviet Era in Contemporary Rural Kyrgyzstan and UzbekistanDhanju, Richa2008-02-01This paper examines the multiple variables that influence Kyrgyz and Uzbek women to take on leadership and decision making positions through their participation in village water committees. Socio-familial roles assigned by age and the political era in which women grew up (Soviet or Post Soviet) are seen as the major influences that determine whether and how women across different ethnicities (Kyrgyz & Uzbek) and nationalities (Kyrgyzstan & Uzbekistan) perceive their empowerment in agency and individual through their association with the water development sector. Ethnographic research in three Kyrgyz and one Uzbek village over a period of five months informs us about how local feminism emerges in these four villages as a tool to address scarcity of portable water. The development organizations working in the Ferghana region have continued to involve women in community resource management. This research shows that older women who were born and raised during the Soviet era are able to take on strong leadership roles in comparison to women who lived through the years of economic and political transitions starting in the late 1980’s. Further, their age assigned social responsibilities make younger and middle aged women more susceptible towards lower rates of participation in the development sector while the older women take on the presidency of local water committees, thus creating not only an intra-village agency but also networks of activism across different villages in the Ferghana valley.waterKyrgyzUzbeksocio-familial rolesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hp521v6https://escholarship.org/content/qt2hp521v6/qt2hp521v6.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0b18q8fb2011-07-02T02:55:01Zqt0b18q8fbRebel Grrls in the Classroom: Vocality, Empowerment and Feminist Pedagogy at Rock and Roll Schools for GirlsApolloni, Alexandra2008-02-01The act of making music can function as a tool for resistance and empowerment. Rock and roll schools for girls, which have developed across North America in the wake of the Riot Grrl movement of the early 1990s, use feminist approaches to music education to teach young women how to empower themselves and articulate their voices through music. This paper is based on interviews conducted with girls, aged nine to twelve, who participated in a Rock and Roll School for Girls workshop that I organized and facilitated in January, 2007. At this workshop, the girls learned basic guitar, drums and songwriting skills in a non-hierarchical environment informed by feminist and alternative approaches to pedagogy. Drawing on methodologies from feminist theory and musicology I will argue that women have traditionally been prevented from expressing our voices, and that music can act as a vital tool for self-expression and for the furthering of progressive political ideologies. Research from the growing field of Girl Studies and musicological work documenting the exclusion of women from rock music subcultures provide justification for girl-focused music education. Drawing on the work of feminist theorists, including Helene Cixous, I will examine the concepts of voice and vocality, specifically as they apply to young women. Ultimately, the goal of this paper is to argue that rock music can function as a feminist activist tool and that rock and roll schools for girls can provide young women with the musical skills through which to subvert gender norms and articulate empowered voices.Riot Grrlmusic educationRock and Roll School for GirlsHelene Cixousapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0b18q8fbhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0b18q8fb/qt0b18q8fb.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6jf832fv2011-07-02T02:54:56Zqt6jf832fvThe Martial Master’s Mistresses: Forbidden Desires and Futile Nationalism in Jet Li’s Kung-Fu FilmsMeng, Victoria2007-02-01During his 24 years as a kung-fu film icon, Jet Li has repeatedly portrayed the conventional Chinese martial master: the righteous but reluctant leader who ultimately retreats from the world after redirecting his own desires to support supposedly greater moral claims of master and nation. Too preoccupied by his fights and flights, Li’s characters seem unable to give much thought to the women who love him. This consistent failure for Li to “get the girl”—especially given a series of hyper-feminine heroines who should, by rights, be irresistible—suggests that these popular films enact some trauma or taboo for their local audiences. Indeed, I argue that these heroines, each of whom bears a mixed cultural heritage, personify the impossibility of imagining a unified modern Chinese identity, because the films cannot imagine these heroines as fit candidates to raise “culturally pure” children. Li’s steadfast reincarnation as the martial master, then, represents the contemporary Chinese need to elegize a common cultural past as a compensation for the loss of a common cultural future. This essay thus pays homage to and extends feminist film scholar Gina Marchetti’s groundbreaking Romance and the “Yellow Peril,” in which she describes how Hollywood has used the trope of romance to perform and displace its racial fears and fantasies. Jet Li’s kung-fu films mobilize a different set of gendered iconographies to explore different historical issues, but their discursive strategies and political implications remain the same.gendered iconographyfilmkung-fu filmracesexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6jf832fvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6jf832fv/qt6jf832fv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9mq102bq2011-07-02T02:04:33Zqt9mq102bq“Toutes les Femmes de France”: Female Political Mobilization and the Ligue Antisémitique Française, 1899Everton, Elizabeth2009-02-01I will be looking at female mobilization within the turn-of-the-century French antisemitic movement, which has traditionally posed a problem for historians. On the one hand, the movement itself was ideologically antifeminist, with stable and traditional gender roles seen as a crucial weapon against the decadence of the French state.1 At the same time, however, the movement actively sought out female participants. Women responded to these appeals by joining leagues, attending meetings, or contributing in other ways.2 This paradox, seen also in later right-wing movements in France and elsewhere, merits further study – why (and how) do women become involved in movements that ostensibly reject female political activity, and why do such movements seek out female members? In this paper, I will address the first of these questions by examining female mobilization in the Ligue Antisémitique Française (LAF), focusing in particular on female mobilization during the siege of the League’s headquarters in the summer of 1899.French antisemitic movementmobilizationFranceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9mq102bqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9mq102bq/qt9mq102bq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt339332p02011-07-02T01:42:36Zqt339332p0The Shocking Soviet CenturyKayiatos, Anastasia2007-02-01My paper today will consider the case of Russia in the early 1990s in order to disentangle a less local phenomenon that Judith Halberstam has called the “insidious linking of perverse modernity and the perverse body in certain instantiations of globalized thinking.”1 How do so-called “unhealthy” fiscal economies give rise to “unhealthy” economies of desire; and concomitantly, in Jacqui Alexander’s words, how do “enemy-production and sexual perversity go hand in hand”?2 In the ensuing talk, I envision the communist and the queer as vitally and inextricably co-implicated in the formation of twentieth-century Western modernity--conditioning its possibility even as they are forcibly excluded from participating in it; compelled to collude in the negative production of a heteronormative citizen and nation.post-communist societyqueer theoryapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/339332p0https://escholarship.org/content/qt339332p0/qt339332p0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt77d4t2bk2011-07-02T00:35:32Zqt77d4t2bkWhatever She Wants: An Ethnography of American Women, Sex, Intimacy and the InternetMay, Suepattra G.2009-02-01The introduction of new technologies has affected norms of human behavior from time immemorial. At the interstices of new media technologies and sexuality in particular, we encounter a longstanding and complex network of relations and contentions. On the internet, sexuality exists in many forms: in pornography, erotic cyber chat and email, marketing and even sexual health information.technologysexualitypornographyeroticcyberapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/77d4t2bkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt77d4t2bk/qt77d4t2bk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt23s0b5002011-07-02T00:35:27Zqt23s0b500“Femme/s, Film/s, Noir/e: Revisions”Stulman, Valerie2007-02-01Film noir is a relatively small group of films, which span the years between World War II and the late 1950s. These films share a number of stylistic conventions which include the use of various permutations of stereotypical bad girl/femme fatale and good girl/household nun (Martin 207) type characters. In most of these films, women and their sexuality are considered to be (as Freud believed) “ a dark continent” (Breger 331), symbolically “Other” (Leitch 1283), outside the norm, therefore not ‘normal.’ This phallocentric bias permeates film noir (as well as most film up until that point, and since,) and “reflects the normal status of women within contemporary society” (Harvey 38). However, due to noir’s topsy-turvy nature, where contradictions, nightmares, narrative disconnects, and role reversals abound, “the normal representation of women as the founders of families undergoes an interesting displacement” (38).film noirwomenrepresentationsexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/23s0b500https://escholarship.org/content/qt23s0b500/qt23s0b500.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt67f3h9pq2011-05-16T11:33:12Zqt67f3h9pqSociological Theroires of and Research on Sexual Problems: A Review of the LiteratureKew, Melissa2011-05-01This review considers the literature on sexual problems, with a focus on the most prevalent sexual dysfunction among women – low sexual desire disorder. I first discuss the debates over the definition of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) and then I consider the extent and nature of low sexual desire among women. Next I provide an overview of the underlying mechanisms that are said to account for HSDD. I end the review with a discussion of avenues for future work on sexual problems by sociologists.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesOther Sociologysexualitysexual desiresexual dysfunctionwomenbiopsychosocialapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/67f3h9pqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt67f3h9pq/qt67f3h9pq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt998556dk2011-05-12T12:44:25Zqt998556dkTaking sameness for granted through the Nordic worker-carer modelBoyle, Kaitlin2011-05-01The Norwegian Gender Equality Act of 1978 established that “women and men shall be given equal opportunities in education, employment and cultural and professional advancement” (1978:1). However, there is still a gap between women’s entry into careers historically dominated by men. Taking the example of women pursuing doctoral degrees, there are several barriers that women face when completing their dissertation and entering the job market in academia: having fewer hours to work on their dissertation due to their duties as wives and mothers, as well as the sexist attitudes of mentors (Rogg 2001, Husu 2001, Knudsen 2002). Creating quotas for women in jobs and encouraging them to enter male‐dominated professions is not enough; the very idea that women are natural carers and men are natural workers needs to be addressed through policy initiatives (Borchorst 2008). Many policies have been implemented in the Nordic countries to dismantle the obstacles that women face in their careers, and men face in caregiving.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesNorwayNordicPolicyGenderEqualityWorkCaregivingEducationMotherhoodFatherhoodapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/998556dkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt998556dk/qt998556dk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt46d897kv2011-05-12T12:44:21Zqt46d897kvMill, Gender Ideal and Gender Oppression: Do Feminists Need to Abolish Gender Roles?Popa, Bogdan2011-05-01While feminist scholarship generally looks at Mill’s ambiguities as confusions or flaws, I suggest that Mill’s ambivalence has to be taken at face value by feminist theory.Many feminists – and particularly liberal feminists- feel that human beings cannot develop their true potential until they would live in a society where men and women have complete equality. One solution to this problem is to abolish gender roles, or to value social and legal norms because they promote gender neutrality. Because actual gender roles are shaped by patriarchy, the elimination of gender roles would open up possibilities for human emancipation. Like Mill, many feminists believe that new relationships grounded in an ideal of equality would be an outcome of dismantling and denaturalizing the idea of masculine and feminine. However, other feminists (Schwartzman, 2006; Pateman and Mills, 2007) feel that gender oppression is pervasive and that is ideal theory is not the only good response to women’s oppression. The ideal of gender equality obscures the significance and the strength of women’s subordination. For some feminists, analyses of gender inequality need to engage with actual conditions of power and oppression before designing new gender norms. The tension between representing a gender ideal and describing actual conditions of oppression is critical for feminist theory. I address this tension in my paper by investigating Mill relationship with the idea of gender and argue that Mill represents an important resource for contemporary feminists.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesgenderMillfeminismidealoppressiveliberalismandrogynismfamilyequalitynegativityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/46d897kvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt46d897kv/qt46d897kv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3x2095x82011-05-12T12:29:19Zqt3x2095x8Disordered Eating, Agency, and Social Class: Elaine Mar’s Paper DaughterRashedi, Roxanne N.2011-05-01This paper examines the relationship between disordered eating and class identity in Paper Daughter: the memoir of Elaine Mar, a Chinese-American woman who emigrated with her family from the Toishan region of mainland China in 1972 to a working-class neighborhood in Denver, Colorado. Mar explores the relationship between bodily “excess,” as sociologist Beverly Skeggs describes, and class identity in Paper Daughter. A close examination of Mar’s disordered eating shows readers how her ED stems from a class inferiority complex.[i] Gendered as female, and classed as inferior due to her immigrant status and working-class background, classifies Mar as the “other.” Mar utilizes her ED because she believes it will shed off her “excess” of Skeggs’s “disgust”; that is, her low-class upbringing. In other words, disordered eating is a way for Mar to achieve the American dream: the upper-class American woman. This upper-class woman wears idolized brand-name lines that symbolize the American ideal (e.g. Izod shirts) but more importantly, this woman is afforded the opportunity to ponder and explore the world of American dieting.Other American Studiesgenderliminalityagencydisordered eatingChinese-Americanclassimmigrantconsumptionperformanceautonomyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x2095x8https://escholarship.org/content/qt3x2095x8/qt3x2095x8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1vr9x8zs2011-04-25T12:44:07Zqt1vr9x8zsFrom "The Weak Sex" to "The Devout Sex": Women, Gender, and Official Church Discourses in Early Nineteenth-Century Mexico CityWitschorik, Charles A.2011-04-15This paper examines the evolution of the gendered discourses in published, officially sanctioned church sermons and other writings from the opening decades of the nineteenth century in Mexico City. In studying these discourses, I argue that they constitute a significant, as yet little studied dimension of the history of the Catholic Church in nineteenth-century Mexico, offering instructive clues about how the institution evolved and adapted itself to changing political and social contexts in the years preceding and following independence.Other ReligionGenderChurchMexicoDiscoursesSermonsWomenNineteenth CenturyPriestsIndependencePietyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vr9x8zshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt1vr9x8zs/qt1vr9x8zs.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4wv6h58h2011-04-25T12:14:06Zqt4wv6h58hFood Empiricism? Deconstructing Subjectivity and Positionality in Dietary ResearchCarney, Megan2011-04-15This paper explores the methodological challenges in obtaining accurate and reliable data around food and dietary behaviors, especially among women and when combined with social distance between researcher and “subject”. Content of this paper is based on a working chapter of my dissertation, titled, Women in the Making of Communitybased Food Policy: Implications for Latina Health, Citizenship, and Social Capital. I utilize data on food and diet to assess the severity of food insecurity among Latinas in an urban area of Southern California and to observe coping strategies in response to inadequate access to food. I evaluate different approaches to obtaining this type of data while also deconstructing the notion of research “subject” in what may be interpreted as a very invasive, and thus highly precarious research context. Moreover, I reflect on how my own positionality (as a white, middle‐class female associated with the academy) affects and/or obscures which epistemes manifest from the research process. In conclusion, I describe my efforts to employ more participatory methodologies in studying community food security and diet as a means to overcoming some of the dilution of data that occurs in a traditional dietary researchOther Race, Ethnicity and post-Colonial Studiesdietary researchfood securityfood insecurityLatin populationsimmigrationpositionalityparticipatory researchdietary healthwomen and foodtransborder food environmentsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wv6h58hhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4wv6h58h/qt4wv6h58h.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8jh824nc2011-04-25T12:14:02Zqt8jh824ncFemale Sexual Dysfunction: History, Critiques, and New DirectionsMollenhauer, Whitney F.2011-04-15Although the term “female sexual dysfunction” is fairly new, the medicalization of women's sexuality is not. As early as the sixteenth century, diagnosis of nymphomania was not uncommon, and the Victorian era saw a dramatic increase in the numbers of women with this “medical condition” (Groneman 1994). A canonical 1973 review of gynecology textbooks documented the profession's reliance on cultural views of women as “frigid,” and of sex and sexual pleasure as male‐centered; the authors suggest that gynecology may be “medicine practiced on women for the benefit of men” (Scully & Bart 2003: 14). While this is an oversimplification, this statement calls attention to the material and cultural biases that inform how biomedicine treats women's sexuality. Cultural and material influences on medical knowledge dominate current literature on the medicalization of female sexual dysfunction (FSD). In the twenty‐first century the pertinent influences include consumerism, privatization of medical research, and “Viagra culture.” This paper will review both feminist critiques and sociological studies of the medicalization of sex and especially female sexual dysfunction.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesOther Medicine and Health Sciencesmedicalizationgendersexualitypharmaceuticalssexual dysfunctionfeminismconsumerismembodimentpainmedical sociologyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jh824nchttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8jh824nc/qt8jh824nc.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9sf5x7cs2011-04-25T11:59:05Zqt9sf5x7csConstructing Gender Through Sex Discrimination LawKosbie, Jeff2011-04-15The potential clash of expanding sex antidiscrimination law based on a narrow understanding of gender raises two questions. First, how does the law actually conceptualize gender. Second, how do plaintiffs structure their own gender narratives in response to the law. This paper is a preliminary analysis of these questions. I have closely read plaintiffs’ court filings in several federal and state employment antidiscrimination cases, looking for how narratives about gender identity are presented. I compare these narratives to the law, arguing that the law restricts how plaintiffs’ conceptualize gender.transgendertranssexuallawgender identitygender expressiongender binarynarrative.application/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sf5x7cshttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9sf5x7cs/qt9sf5x7cs.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3mx7v2t82011-04-25T11:59:01Zqt3mx7v2t8“Big Dykes on Campus: Contemporary Northeastern Women’s Colleges as Queer Spaces”Weber, Shannon2011-04-15Same‐sex love and desire in sex‐segregated spaces has a long history, not only in the United States but around the world, as feminist historian Leila Rupp argues in her book "Sapphistries: A Global History of Love Between Women." My paper focuses on a particularly notorious site of female same‐sex desire: the women’s college, specifically, the remaining single‐sex Seven Sisters colleges of the Eastern United States. I argue that these campuses – particularly Mount Holyoke and Smith, the primary sites of my research – have become spaces for the celebration and promotion of same‐sex desire in the 2000s. Further, I argue that these campuses serve as a case study for understanding sexual fluidity in action as well as for examining what could possibly happen if women lived in a larger social structure that promoted same‐sex sexuality and love. I ask, what can we gain for a progressive politics of sexuality if we acknowledge that these campuses both attract queer women to apply for admission based on their lesbian reputations while at the same time creating an environment that has the potential to influence and possibly shift and/or expand sexual identities?Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studieswomen’s collegessexualitysexual fluiditysame‐sex desirequeerlesbiancollege communitiesspacemusicritualapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mx7v2t8https://escholarship.org/content/qt3mx7v2t8/qt3mx7v2t8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0h44m1km2011-04-25T11:58:57Zqt0h44m1kmHungry Girls?: Consuming Female Food PersonalitiesGiggey, Lindsay2011-04-15Nigella Lawson and Lisa Lillien are both self‐proclaimed food lovers who have translated their branded personalities from cookbooks to television. Each has a vastly different relationship with food, which extends from the types of ingredients they use to how they talk about and prepare meals. These distinctions exemplify the power cooking shows have in reinforcing hegemonic views of femininity as well as the complex cultural discourses revolving around “proper” relationships with food. Whereas Lillien exemplifies restraint, guilt, and synthetic substitutions in her relationship with food, Lawson embodies pleasure and indulgence in consuming food as well as the female form.Other Film and Media Studiescookingtelevisionweight-lossfoodcelebrity cooksfemininityhungry girlNigella's KitchenNigella LawsonLisa Lillienapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0h44m1kmhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0h44m1km/qt0h44m1km.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4fk9t4632011-04-25T11:43:55Zqt4fk9t463Oral History As Method and PracticeMun‐hye Baik, Crystal2011-04-15This paper explores the efficacy of using oral history to document the life history narratives of individuals and communities impacted by a high degree of trauma. Oral history, I believe, poignantly captures a gamut of traumatic experiences by embodying the multiple dimensions of individual experience—including affective dynamics and social meanings—within a socio‐cultural and historical frame. This paper also articulates the ways in which an oral history project is often directed and informed by the social location(s) of the interviewer and narrator (Shuman 130).Other HistoryOral HistoryTraumaImmigrant CommunitiesIntimate Partner ViolenceDomestic ViolenceEthnographyGender StudiesLife History NarrativeIntersubjectivitySomatics and Traumaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4fk9t463https://escholarship.org/content/qt4fk9t463/qt4fk9t463.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt16t3596n2011-04-11T12:41:51Zqt16t3596nUprooting the Seeds of Evil: Jewish Marriage Regulation, Morality Certificates, and Degenerate Prostitute Mothers in 1930s Buenos AiresYarfitz, Mir2011-04-15This paper was presented at the 2011 Thinking Gender Conference and discusses the Argentinian branch of the organization Esras Noschim. Specifically, the paper addresses Esras Nochim's morality certification system and its effects on Jewish prostitute mothers in 1930s Buenos Aires.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesArgentinaprostitutionprostitutemothersmotherhoodimmigrationcriminologyJewsJewishmoral purityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/16t3596nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt16t3596n/qt16t3596n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt144467382011-04-11T12:11:51Zqt14446738Virtue, Violence, and Victors: The Role of Pudicitia in Livy's Ab Urbe ConditaSnyder, Ellen2011-04-15This paper explores the highly gendered role of chastity (pudicitia) in the work of the Roman historian, Titus Livius. Livy, who lived from around 64 B.C.E to 12 C.E., composed a monumental work, the Ab Urbe Condita, which traced Rome's history from its mythic beginnings to 9 B.C.E. While only a fraction of the work remains, the Ab Urbe Condita provides insight into how one writer viewed Roman expansion and how he used the framework of gender to give shape to his vision of Rome's history.Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late AntiquityOther Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesLivyChastityRapeRomeExpansionismHistoriographyAntiquityVirtueWarfareLucretiaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/14446738https://escholarship.org/content/qt14446738/qt14446738.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6mc9n5vf2011-04-11T12:11:47Zqt6mc9n5vfFast Food, Slow Death and the Propaganda of Health: Jewel Thais-Williams’ Radical Battle for Black SurvivalHope, Analena2011-04-15A presentation given at Thinking Gender 2011, this paper addresses the issues of food choices in South Los Angeles, how those choices affect the community, and highlight the work of the activist Jewel Thaïs-Williams.Other American Studiesfoodfood desertsLos AngelesJewel Thaïs-WilliamsSouth Los Angelesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6mc9n5vfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6mc9n5vf/qt6mc9n5vf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0bb869t12011-04-11T11:56:45Zqt0bb869t1Blind Women and Invented Pathologies: The Claim Over NormalcyHammer, Gili2011-04-15From the author: "For the last three years I have researched different aspects of the gender identity of bind women in Israel and representations of sight and blindness in the Israeli public sphere. In this presentation I will offer an ethnographic glance into what I call 'blind women's claim over normalcy,' and a short discussion of this idea."Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesBlindnessWomenGenderFemininityBeautyIsraelDisabilityVisual CultureNormalcyPhysical Capitalapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0bb869t1https://escholarship.org/content/qt0bb869t1/qt0bb869t1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9ss5w4gg2011-03-18T19:15:51Zqt9ss5w4ggA Legacy of Deviance: Historical Constructions of Chinese Immigrant MasculinityLee, Albert J.Matsumoto, Valerie2010-04-01“[W]omen are…believers in muscular manhood. These lank, scrawny limbs…he was more like a woman than a man.”–1870“What other men visit salons to get, the Asian gene pool provides for free…ladyboy fingers: soft and long.”–2004Despite a difference of over a century in publication dates, these excerpts from popular periodicals evince remarkably similar imaginings of the Asian male body. This correspondence is indicative of the ways in which contemporary non-normative constructions of Asian American masculinity suggest a historical linearity rooted in early American conceptions of Asian immigrant men.As the first group of Asian immigrants to warrant social visibility, an exploration of the social figuration of early Chinese immigrant laborers can serve as a basis for understanding this popularization of emasculation. Specifically, to the extent that this group also formed the foundational basis for a seemingly extant legacy of deviance today, an examination of how these pioneer Chinese men were descriptively bounded within popular spaces can expose both the parallels and points of departure from which we can more fully understand contemporary Asian American masculinity.This paper analyzes the textual imagery of Chinese immigrant laborers as captured in popular periodicals and print media between 1850 and 1924. In exploring perceptions of Chinese masculinity during this period, the projection of deviance is examined through three lenses of Chinese male non-normative constitution: the diasporic attribution of otherness as non-White aliens, queer domesticity as defined by family and occupation, and most visibly within the perceived and material deficit of agency.GenderMasculinityChinese AmericansImmigrantsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ss5w4gghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9ss5w4gg/qt9ss5w4gg.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9r1956df2011-03-18T19:14:08Zqt9r1956dfFace to Face and Street to Street: An Exploration of the Benefits and Perils of Transnational Feminist Practices for Iran’s One Million Signatures CampaignMcKibben, Susan2010-04-01“Transnational feminism” is no longer a new term, but the precise perils and benefits of this amorphous concept must be examined anew in each context. In this paper I present preliminary thoughts on just what these perils and benefits might be for the Iranian One Million Signatures Campaign for Equality. I argue that this movement is a transnational phenomenon and then discuss what it seems to be gaining through transnational feminist practices, and what it stands to lose.Iranwomen's movementstransnational feminismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9r1956dfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9r1956df/qt9r1956df.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9nt3m9062011-03-18T19:12:03Zqt9nt3m906Écriture Féminine, Láadan and Nüshu A Reassessment of the Postmodern Feminist Visions of a Female LanguageLiu, Mingming2010-04-01“The question of gender is a question of language.” Barbara Johnson’s perceptive formulation of the relationship between gender and language succinctly characterizes the approach of a group of feminists who draw upon the discourses of postmodernism. Yet what distinguishes them from their feminist predecessors and postmodern counterparts is the proposal of écriture féminine—feminine writing—as a path towards the most fundamental liberation of all: freedom from oppressive thought. This paper, therefore, centers on the idea of feminine writing in “The Laugh of the Medusa”, written by Hélène Cixous in 1976, and explores its experimental literalization, Láadan in Native Tongue, and its actual realization, nüshu in China. The project, I hope, can eventually shed some light on our understanding of the opaque postmodern feminist theories of female language.GenderLanguageFeminismHélène CixousLiteratureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nt3m906https://escholarship.org/content/qt9nt3m906/qt9nt3m906.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9n4326472011-03-18T19:11:21Zqt9n432647Relating Modernity, Conflict and Sexual Violence: Discourses of Violence Against Women in Post-War Sierra LeoneSpencer-Walters, Dayo T.2010-04-01This paper attempts to bring two spheres of violence against women (VAW), female genital mutilation/cutting and sexual assault, together in conversation against the backdrop of post war Sierra Leone. Within the dynamic sphere of human rights, violence against women has reached a crossroads. While activists have been successful in advocating for women's rights as human rights (focusing particularly on developing and conflict saturated countries), their efforts have, in many cases, reinforced unequal gender relations. Additionally, these efforts have catapulted images equating women's rights with the literal protection of 'womanhood.' Within its small borders, Sierra Leone presents an arena for analyzing the intricacies that influence international and national attitudes on sexual violence and female genital mutilation. Extending Minoo Moallem's concept of fundamentalism as informed and created by modernity, this project critically engages the relationship between female genital mutilation and sexual violence as a result of the recent civil war in Sierra Leone and the subsequent transitional justice process. Using a critical discourse analysis of institutional texts from non-governmental organizations and ad-hoc war tribunals, I argue that the framing of violence against women within the dichotomy of fundamentalism and modernity not only influences contentious perspectives of violence against women, but actually creates and aggravates divergence. This project contributes to broader, multi-faceted discussions on the dynamic relations between gender, violence and health interventions in post-war reconstruction.Sexual violencewomenSierra Leonefemale genital cutting/mutilationtransitional justiceviolence against womenpost-conflictapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n432647https://escholarship.org/content/qt9n432647/qt9n432647.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt9jg5d41q2011-03-18T19:08:53Zqt9jg5d41qAbortion in Brazil: Contending Discourses and Women's ExperiencesTussi, Fernanda P.2010-04-01It is a common practice for anthropologists to explore connections where scholars from different disciplines do not expect to search and find them. This is the theoretical and methodological orientation in which I was trained as an anthropologist and from which I approach the practice of abortion in Brazil in hope to reach an understanding of the constituent dimensions of this social fact. Before I move on the to discussion, I would like to provide some background on the practice of abortion in Brazil. In contrast to the US, abortion is a crime according to the Brazilian Penal Code of 1940. Abortion is punishable by one to three years in prison, except in cases of rape or life-threat to a pregnant woman. The illegal practice, however, is still widely carried out to interrupt unplanned pregnancy, and there are just a few cases of punishment in the jurisprudence. Based on my fieldwork in the South and Central-West of Brazil, my research goal was to examine how various discourses intersect on the issue of abortion. My purpose in this paper is to analyze the interplay of cultural, political and experiential dimensions on hidden abortion practices. I have been working on this issue for four years and it is from my fieldwork experiences and interviews that I collected for my master's thesis that I will discuss.WomenAbortionBrazilReproductive Healthapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jg5d41qhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt9jg5d41q/qt9jg5d41q.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt99j1w5fv2011-03-18T19:02:01Zqt99j1w5fvWomen as Stakeholders: A Gendered Analysis of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in New York CityJames, Heather2010-04-01The recession is having a distressing affect on community, family, and individual security. Women across socioeconomic lines bear the burden of an unstable economy. Women are more likely than men to hold subprime mortgages. They are more likely to raise children as single heads of household, and are therefore more likely to experience food insecurity and to survive on the edge of poverty and economic stability. Despite recent growth in women’s employment, women are less than half of New York City’s workforce and more than half of its minimum wage earners. Vulnerable constituencies, including immigrant women and women of color, typically have fewer assets and lower savings rates, increasing their susceptibility to economic hardship during recessions. Finally, valuable life lines, such as Unemployment Insurance and COBRA, a medical insurance program for the unemployed, are difficult for many women to obtain as they may be employed in the shadow economy and comprise 2 out of every 3 members of the part-time workforce nationally.New York CityWomenRecessionEconomicsPublic Policyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/99j1w5fvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt99j1w5fv/qt99j1w5fv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt96q4k7902011-03-18T18:59:07Zqt96q4k790Theorizing the Female Body: Li Xiaojiang, Dai Jinhua and the Female Avant-Garde WritersTuft, Bryna2010-04-01In the roughly twenty years between the end of the Cultural Revolution and the death of Chairman Mao in 1976 and the Fourth World Conference on Women organized by the UN Commission on the Status of Women held in Beijing in 1995, with China’s newly opened economic and cultural spaces allowing individuals the means to express themselves in ways not possible in the preceding fifteen years (at least), essentialized gender difference and heteronormative sexual practices once more came to the front of social awareness. In this new atmosphere of increased personal and economic freedom the “woman question” finds new life. In the same climate where young women find themselves confronted with stereotypes such as the “baigujing” career woman, and contemplating “eating the rice bowl of youth,” Chinese feminists such as Dai Jinhua and Li Xiaojiang have been and continue to promote their own kinds of “corporeal feminism” as a means for women to counteract gender oppression and create their own individual identities. However, by locating female selfhood in the female body, this corporeal feminism also runs the risk of essentializing gender difference, at the same time that it forces us to ask what exactly constitutes a woman.Dai JinhuaLi XiaojiangChinese feminismcorporeal feminismrice bowl of youthbaigujingwoman questioniron womanapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/96q4k790https://escholarship.org/content/qt96q4k790/qt96q4k790.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8zp855td2011-03-18T18:52:20Zqt8zp855tdTravesties: Alienation and Vitality in Monique Proulx's "Le sexe des étoiles"Lee, Regina Yung2010-04-01How revolutionary or transformative is the power of pure rejection when applied against established gender binaries? What vitalizing theories or constructions of difference could be put in their place ? In her ambitious early novel, Le sexe des étoiles, Monique Proulx explores variants of alienation and rejection of established gender binaries from within late 20th c Montreal.Literature in English, North Americagender normsgirlhoodLe sexe des étoilesMontrealMTF (fictional)Monique Proulxquebecois novelqueernessThe Sex of the Starstransvestismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zp855tdhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8zp855td/qt8zp855td.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt8wb9847t2011-03-18T18:49:59Zqt8wb9847t“How Could She?”: The “Inappropriate” Woman in Contemporary Appropriation FilmsBaron, Jaimie2010-04-01Since the 1960s, independent women filmmakers like Chick Strand, Peggy Ahwesh, Abigail Child, Su Friedrich, and Leslie Thornton have been appropriating film footage, sometimes using appropriation to critique dominant representations of women. Leslie Thornton’s Adynata, for instance, appropriates as well as reenacts instances of the subjugation of women and their bodies by men, and her later film Another Worldy similarly uses found footage to reveal the ways in which women’s bodies are placed under the control of the male gaze in a range of historical and cultural contexts. Since these influential critiques, however, a new generation of critical appropriation filmmakers has emerged in order to challenge the persistent tropes of femininity.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesfilmappropriationFestival of (In)appropriationfilmmakersfemininityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/8wb9847thttps://escholarship.org/content/qt8wb9847t/qt8wb9847t.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7kq137z02011-03-18T18:13:35Zqt7kq137z0Visualizing Domestic Violence: A Digital Archive of Evidence Photography in Legal Observation and Popular MediaMoore, Kelli2010-04-01As recent as the 1980’s, vigilance within the criminal justice system toward domestic violence prosecution was remarkably low. Activists and policy-makers “got tough” on domestic abuse through mandatory arrest and no-drop policing strategies. These strategies are reinforced by digital photographic evidence of abuse, leading to a debate on the role of new media and policy on victim agency in the prosecution of domestic violence. This paper examines the photographic archive of battered women and communicative approaches to adjudicating domestic violence. Focusing on the incorporation of new media within American courts, I consider how digital technology contributes to the establishment of legal facts, inquiring how new media may dangerously conceive violence against women as a technical question rather than an ethical one. Paper engages work on the politics of spectatorship, asking what theories of affect might bring to debates emerging in human-technological interaction, including personal computing and copyright, agency and authorship .Domestic Violenceevidencelawcourtarchivesphotographyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7kq137z0https://escholarship.org/content/qt7kq137z0/qt7kq137z0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7jn3m4342011-03-18T18:12:37Zqt7jn3m434Latinas Crafting Sustainability in East Los AngelesGuajardo, Ana2010-04-01East Los Angeles has historically been recognized as a center for political and cultural activity with roots in the Chicana/o civil rights movement. Since 1970, Self Help Graphics and Art (SHG) opened its doors to many artists who later entered the art market and formed the canon of Chicana/o visual artists that today continue to exhibit at major museums. While infamous for its printmaking studio and gallery, this cultural space has long been home to events where generations of artists working in music, performance, muralism, metal work, and graffiti showcase their work, hone their craft and cultivate audiences. Annual events, Day of the Dead, their holiday sale, Botanica de Amor, Mexica New Year and others involve the participation of local crafters who provide a mercado (market) backdrop where audiences can access cultural goods unique to this community. I became interested in the cultural production by these artists as a participant in these events since 2001. Since then, I have seen my peers cultivate their businesses into established design lines while growing artistically and creatively within a socially and politically conscious community of patrons. Usually regarded as “vendors” rather than artists, they are another significant and influential artistic flourishing that can be traced to LA Eastside culture and identity. Little to no research or art historical attention exists on these artists, yet they are widely known and patronized by a similar audience that attends museum exhibitions of artists that Self Help Graphics catapulted into legitimacy.Self Help GraphicsLatina artChicana artarts and craftsarts organizationsDay of the Deadindigenismoarts sustainabilityEast Los Angelesstreet vendorsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jn3m434https://escholarship.org/content/qt7jn3m434/qt7jn3m434.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt74b8r5gm2011-03-18T17:59:49Zqt74b8r5gmRecord Label Promotional Decisions and Artistic Personas: The Importance of Gender and SexualizationDonze, Patti Lynne2008-10-27Many scholars and commentators have acknowledged sexism in the music industry, but very little systematic research explores patterns of gender preference or discrimination in popular music worlds. Interviews and interpretive or ethnographic work suggests a gendered glass ceiling exists, supported by gendered stereotypes and practices, but little direct research exists on the behaviors of record label personnel. This paper fills these holes by examining the degree to which record label promoters favor men or women as a group, and whether or not it matters if these artists are sexualized. The analysis suggests that, counter to expectations, promoters favor women as a group, and that both male and female artists receive a promotional boost for emphasizing a sexualized persona that counts double for women, but that these patterns differ significantly within genres and by race.popular musicmusic industrygenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/74b8r5gmhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt74b8r5gm/qt74b8r5gm.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt73q6f2fx2011-03-18T17:59:08Zqt73q6f2fxTrenches Under The Pipeline: The Educational Trajectories of Chicano Male Continuation High School StudentsMalagon, Maria2010-04-01Demographic projections indicate steady increases in the percentage of Latina/o school-aged children in California (Alfonso-Zaldivar, 2004; Chapa & Valencia, 1993). These projections point toward the need to examine how schooling institutions are serving this growing population of students. While there is an increasing body of literature that examines the critical transitions of this population as they navigate the educational pipeline, continuation high school students who “dropout” and/or matriculate from continuation high schools, specifically, remain overlooked within education research. Chicano students make up a significant proportion of continuation school enrollment. Most of the research on continuation high school students continues to posit educational “failure” on these students without recognizing the institutional conditions and barriers that may limit educational opportunities for this population of students. Research on Chicanos in schools furthermore has inadequately explored specific race-gender educational experiences. Applying a Chicana feminist-race lens to examine racialized masculinities in education discourse and practice provides a more comprehensive account of how this population of students transition into and out of continuation high school. Through the use of participatory observation, oral history interviews and one focus group, this case study explores the educational life experiences of 11 Chicano male continuation high school students as they access, persist and resist schooling institutions.EducationHigh SchoolChicano StudentsDemographicsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/73q6f2fxhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt73q6f2fx/qt73q6f2fx.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt73c8v2zq2011-03-18T17:58:51Zqt73c8v2zqReverse Migration: The Impact of Returning HomeAlbright, AlisonNaybor, Deborah2010-04-01Global labor migration is gendered. There is a common misperception that most migrant workers are male but large numbers of women migrate in order to find work abroad or to urban sectors within their own countries. Migrant labor is also divided along gendered lines by the types of work available and rates of pay. Women constitute about half of international migrants (95 million), and send millions of dollars in remittances home to educate their children and support their families (UNFPA, 2006). Since the 1960’s, approximately half of migrant workers have been female but since 2000, there has been an increase in women migrating independently and as the main income earner, rather than just following male relatives (Jolly, 2005)WomenMigrationAsiaLaborWorkersPovertyEconomyEmploymentEmpowermentChinaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/73c8v2zqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt73c8v2zq/qt73c8v2zq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7011m8nz2011-03-18T17:55:29Zqt7011m8nzA Female Hero and Male Antiheroes: An Investigation of the Tragic Hero and Gender Roles in Euripides’ "Medea" According to Aristotle’s "Poetics"Asaro, Brittany2010-04-01Aristotle’s definition of the tragic hero in his Poetics indicates a contradiction in one of the great heroes of Greek tragedy; one to which he refers several times in treatise on dramatic theory: Euripides’ Medea. The Euripidean Medea centers upon a female hero that is good not inherently, but by speech and action (see Aristotle 53; 15.1). Medea also demonstrates, however, a “manly valor” and “unscrupulous cleverness” that Aristotle deems “inappropriate” in women (53; 15.2). Furthermore, the tragedy includes examples of males that do not exhibit heroic traits, which serve to underline Medea’s unique nature. Medea’s self-contradictory disposition also counters the strict categorization—specifically of genders and tragic heroes—embraced in ancient Greek culture in general and, specifically, in Aristotle’s poetic theory. Medea’s transcendence of such categories may explain why the author of the Poetics does not cite the Euripidean heroine—whose creator he deems “faulty […] in the general management of his subject” (Aristotle 47; 13.6)—as an example of the ideal tragic hero, even though she fulfills almost all of the Aristotelian requirements.tragic herogender rolesMedeaPoeticsEuripidesAristotleapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/7011m8nzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt7011m8nz/qt7011m8nz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6qs716sr2011-03-18T17:48:31Zqt6qs716srMaking the Sexual Political: Women’s Transnational Collective ActionsMinai, Naveen2010-04-01This paper will look at the disruption of the heteronormative organization of resistance and protest caused by selected collective actions by women from Liberia, Nigeria and Kenya. I will use feminist critiques of the construction of the political versus the personal and theorize about 1) the definitions of what is sexual and sexualized in the realm of the private; 2) the contradictions in the formations and inscriptions onto bodies, of these definitions; and 3) the inscription of these definitions onto bodies and experiences themselves, which determines what is considered valid resistance. I will then look at the multiple and simultaneous disruptions caused to these processes by the examples of women’s collective actions in this paper.Community EngagementLiberiaNigeriaKenyaWomenActivismSexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6qs716srhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt6qs716sr/qt6qs716sr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6br685232011-03-18T17:37:00Zqt6br68523“I am Norman Bates”: Manifestations of the Maternal Acousmatic in Alfred Hitchcock’s PsychoWoolsey, Morgan2010-04-01In this talk, I present a reading of Psycho that relates Bernard Herrmann’s iconic score to the elusive Mother in an attempt to illustrate how film music can communicate gendered meaning. As music is often thought of as nonrepresentational it can be difficult to articulate the connection between an emotional response (fear) and specific musical figures. However, Psycho is a film that investigates gender through the lens of a pathological mother-son dyad, and music and sound, especially voice, are crucial to how this relationship is understood. Ultimately, I argue that not only does Mother direct the trajectory of the film score, she occupies the same space as it does.PsychoAlfred HitchcockFilm MusicGenderMaternityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6br68523https://escholarship.org/content/qt6br68523/qt6br68523.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt6br2j4v12011-03-18T17:36:58Zqt6br2j4v1“If your vagina could speak, what would it say?”: Dangerous Femininity, Anxious Masculinity and the Threat of Female Desire in the 1975 Pornographic Movie "The Sex that Speaks"Garrigou-Kempton, Emilie2010-04-01The Sex that Speaks, also known in English as Pussy Talks, relates the story of a woman whose vagina inexplicably starts talking and reveals a voracious sexual appetite. In The Indiscreet Jewels, the “jewels” of several women start talking as one man, curious about female sexuality, interrogates them. In both cases, the talking sex is always female and it consistently delivers a uniform message of women’s sexual promiscuity. It is this recurring curiosity, as well as the uniformity of the message about female sexuality, that I would like to explore here through the case of The Sex that Speaks. I would like to ask why, while seemingly giving womanhood a voice, talking vagina narratives systematically restrict their discourse to the tedious expression of an insatiable sexuality. Also, why does the vagina discourse consistently alienate and antagonize women? In particular, I would like to ponder why talking vaginas are repeatedly given more credibility than the women themselves. Ultimately, I want to demonstrate that the talking vagina motif is an attempt by male ventriloquists – in the form of writers and filmmakers – to cope with their own vulnerability in the face of an assertive female sexuality. The production of these narratives could then be understood as a response to male anxiety and as an effort to tame a threatening female sexuality.womensexualitypornographyfeminismliteratureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/6br2j4v1https://escholarship.org/content/qt6br2j4v1/qt6br2j4v1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt67x5p4bb2011-03-18T17:30:07Zqt67x5p4bbWhat She Remembers: Remaking and Unmaking Japanese American InternmentYamashita, Wendi2010-04-01Japanese American cultural productions, particularly Rea Tajiri’s History and Memory and Janice Tanaka’s Whose Going to Pay for These Donuts Anyway?, are documentary films that offer a particular feminist analytical lens of seeing loss, moments of violent erasure, and trauma that produce possibilities of remembering and forgetting outside the confines of liberalism and cultural nationalism. Using this same lens, I argue in this presentation the impossibility of reconstructing or recuperating a faithful sense of the past and how this feminist analytic and in particular women’s narratives are helpful to re-think oral history.Asian AmericansJapanese AmericansinternmentWorld War IImemoryhistoryapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/67x5p4bbhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt67x5p4bb/qt67x5p4bb.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt64c8w0b92011-03-18T17:26:46Zqt64c8w0b9Boys Like Her: Queering Gender, Queering the National BodyCerankowski, Karli June2010-04-01When a car full of queers attempts to cross a border that is regulated by the law when their bodies are not legible in a system which attempts to fix and sex subjects according to a rigid binary, they become immediately suspect. And in this case, their whiteness cannot outshine their queerness. As the law sees it, “Four queers crossing the border in a borrowed car, four smiling and self-satisfied queers, were most certainly up to something” (Taste This 18). But what is it that made this group of “four smiling and self-satisfied queers” suspect? Was it the fact that they were driving a borrowed car? Was it because they were read as queer? Or was it because in their queerness, they could not be read at all? While many factors could have played a part in this story, I suggest that there is something more than homophobia to account for here; it is not a fear of what is thought to be known about the queer person, but rather a response to the threat posed to the law and to the state because the queer body cannot be read accordingly. In other words, I am asking us to pay attention to the threat and the fear of the unknown, the illegible, and the invisible – that which is not given-to-be-seen on the queer body. It is this very uncertainty about the body and its continual crossing of borders real and metaphorical that threatens the law and the nation.Other Legal StudiesCanadaborder controltransgendergenderqueerTaste Thisapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/64c8w0b9https://escholarship.org/content/qt64c8w0b9/qt64c8w0b9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5zs6r2wx2011-03-18T17:22:20Zqt5zs6r2wxThe Color of Self-Love: Exposing Racism in Black Female Masturbation ResearchFrank, Elena2010-04-01The idea that research on ethnicity and sexuality has increased, while other social science research on ethnicity has potentially decreased, suggests that there may be something unique about the intersection of ethnicity and sexuality specifically which has sparked the interest of researchers. Patricia Hill Collins supports this concept with her assertion that “sexuality can be seen as a site of intersectionality, a specific constellation of social practices that demonstrate how oppressions converge” (11). Joane Nagel also entertains this notion through her employment of the term “ethnosexual intersections,” which she uses in order to discuss the ways in which ethnicity and sexuality inscribe themselves on each other (118). Based on this understanding that sexuality may occupy a unique site for studying intersectionality, the main focus of this paper is to explore the ways in which the design, implementation, and analysis of research on Black women and masturbation in the United States may reinforce historically racist and sexist ideologies. The four studies specifically included in this analysis are as follows: “Personality Correlates of Sexual Behavior in Black Women” (Fisher, 1980), “Kinsey Revisited, Part II: Comparisons of the Sexual Socialization and Sexual Behavior of Black Women Over 33 Years” (Wyatt, Peters, & Guthrie, 1988), “Masturbation and Sexual Health: An Exploratory Study of Low Income African American Women” (Robinson, Bockting, & Harrell, 2002), and “The Use of Self-Pleasure: Masturbation and Body Image among African American and European American Women” (Shulman & Horne, 2003). Scrutinizing this research through a feminist lens, I ultimately suggest that these studies reinforce white supremacy through the invocation of a Black/White paradigm, reinforce historically racist and sexist notions of Blackness and sexuality, as well as situate the studying of the sexual practice of female masturbation within a social problems framework in order to exploit the concept of sexual deviance and construct racism and sexism.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesWomenSexualityMasturbationIntersectionalityRacismBlackEthnicityResearchSocial ScienceDevianceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zs6r2wxhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5zs6r2wx/qt5zs6r2wx.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5xk8f1732011-03-18T17:21:05Zqt5xk8f173“Where are all the feminists?” The Joan Little Case and Anti-Rape Activism During the 1970sJacquet, Catherine2010-04-01The Little case serves as a window into how different groups conceptualized sexual violence; when and why varying social movements deemed rape particularly problematic and what they believed needed to be done about it. It is a particularly interesting case because feminists had been mobilizing since the early 1970s against rape and claimed the issue as their own. Thousands of women nationwide during the early 1970s created an active and effective anti-rape movement and sexual assault became a major feminist battleground. By the time of Little’s trial in 1975, the women’s liberation movement had firmly placed the issue of sexual assault into public consciousness. While feminists may have deemed rape a “woman’s issue” in the 1970s, civil rights activists also claimed sexual assault as a key issue in the black freedom struggle. Throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, civil rights activists rallied around cases of interracial rape, seeking justice for the historic and continuing suffering of black men who were wrongly accused and convicted of raping white women as well as championing the cause of black women who suffered from sexual violence by white men. To the dismay of many feminists, racism (and not sexism) became the prevailing issue in this case, both in terms of the approach of the legal defense team and the media reporting. This paper argues that understanding the politics of rape in the 1970s requires us to look at both the newly emerged feminist understanding as well as the decades of rich analysis from the civil rights perspective that preceded it.Civil Rights and DiscriminationLaw and SocietyCivil RightsFeminismRapeRacismSexism1970'sapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xk8f173https://escholarship.org/content/qt5xk8f173/qt5xk8f173.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5x7239zg2011-03-18T17:20:47Zqt5x7239zgImmoral Women, Delusional Men: Gender and Racial Differences among the U.S. Immigrant Insane, 1892-1930Shin, Ji-Hye2010-04-01In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States experienced a remarkable growth of the immigrant population and witnessed scientific and medical developments that facilitated the selection of desirable and respectable immigrants. Between the 1890s and the 1920s, the American government passed several immigration acts to exclude newcomers with mental or physical defects and expanded the excludable classes of immigrants. The actual number of deportees was small, but their presence alerted the American public of the danger of the "new" immigrants. Compared to physical defects, insanity was difficult to detect due to its relative invisibility and cultural differences in its manifestations and diagnoses. Nevertheless, insanity was often discussed to prove the undesirable nature of the immigrant population, and the popular eugenic ideas of the time period justified its exclusion. Financial concerns at the American borders also posed a problem in detecting immigrants with mental defects. In 1912, against the criticism that immigration officials failed to implement the immigration acts, the Acting Secretary of the Department of Immigration asserted: "A dollar will only go so far, and we cannot get two dollars worth of work for one dollar." The medical deportation of the "alien" insane was not just a political measure against diseased immigrants; it reflected social anxieties of the time period, and the causes and symptoms of insanity among immigrants revealed deeply ingrained gender and racial stereotypes of the "strangers in the land."ImmigrationGenderRaceapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x7239zghttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5x7239zg/qt5x7239zg.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5tz409sz2011-03-18T17:18:48Zqt5tz409szThe Place of Feminism in Religious Revival: Islam, Feminist Groups, and Changing Public Policy in Morocco2010-06-18How does feminism contribute to religious revival? How does feminism impact the ways that religion is interpreted? How do the goals of self-proclaimed religious feminists compare to those who claim to be secular? This presentation will offer insight into the relationship between feminism and religious revival through evidence from contemporary Morocco. The country provides an excellent space in which to answer these questions as it has been hailed as a leader in the region in women’s rights, but recently as political Islam is on the rise and Wahhabism and Shi’ism are emerging, several Islamic and conservative groups have halted progress on these issues. My paper will explore the unique ways that feminists in Morocco have negotiated the desires of liberals and conservatives while continuing to push for and accomplish changes to public policy. I will look specifically at two policies in which feminist groups are playing a large role: the Islamic Family Code and the abortion laws. Using a textual analysis and ethnographic data collected in Morocco, I will show that many feminist groups are not calling for the abandoning of Islam, even though in global discourses women are oftentimes seen to be suppressed within Islamic ideologies. Rather, these feminists who proclaim themselves as Muslims have productively based their arguments for women’s issues in the context of the sacred books. I hope to highlight that while their methods to achieve change may differ, in reality there is little variation as to the objectives of Moroccan religious and secular feminists.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesSocial and Cultural AnthropologyMuslim WomenFeminismIslamMoroccoPolicyFamilyAbortion RightsVeil IdentitiesQur'anapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tz409szhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt5tz409sz/qt5tz409sz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5g23w8z12011-03-18T17:08:18Zqt5g23w8z1Conjugal Self, Conjugal Citizen: Negotiating the Either/Or of Post-Independence Indian CitizenshipMani, Preetha2010-04-01In this presentation, I juxtapose the production of cultural citizenship as it takes form in Hindi and Tamil short story writing of this period with the juridical production of post-Independence legal citizenship. These discursive arenas demonstrate that underlying the conceptualizations of both citizenship-as-national identity and citizenship-as-rights (Sundar Rajan 2003; see also Sinha 2006 and Yuval-Davis 1997) is an anxiety over the institution of marriage. Not only is marriage being newly defined in both arenas in this moment, but also it is through this institution that the relationships between citizens are framed. That is to say, conjugality, the principle relationship that generates Indian subjectivities in post-Independence Hindi and Tamil short story writing, is also that which confers citizens’ rights in the state-juridical sphere (see for example: Hodges 2008, Majumdar 2009, Sreenivas 2008, and Uberoi 1996). By virtue of the man-woman relationship conjugality designates, Indian subjectivity, as it manifests in both Hindi and Tamil short stories and Indian constitutional and juridical discourses, is profoundly gendered.IndiaGovernmentIdentityHindi LiteratureTamil Literatureapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/5g23w8z1https://escholarship.org/content/qt5g23w8z1/qt5g23w8z1.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt59p5g3b32011-03-18T17:04:14Zqt59p5g3b3Once Again about the Generation Gap: Women of Ukrainian Descent in the U.S.A. and their Community-Building EffortsKoshulap, Iryna2010-04-01This presentation is based on the findings of my ten-month ethnographic fieldwork in the Ukrainian community in New York, NY, combined with archival research and interviews with the members of the UNWLA, and lays out some of the directions of my PhD dissertation. The Ukrainian National Women’s League of America (UNWLA) was founded in New York in 1925 and saw as its primary aim an active involvement of Ukrainian migrant-women into an organized community life. Today it is a non-partisan charitable organization which combines cultural activities with political lobbying, thus fully occupying the space allowed by their location in the diaspora, as discussed in current works on the construction and maintenance of global diaspora communities (Werbner 2002). Over the past five years, the UNWLA has been among the most successful diaspora organizations in engaging newly-arrived migrants into its work. At the beginning of the 1990s, when new migrants from Ukraine started to arrive to the U.S.A., the communication between the ‘old’ and ‘new’ Ukrainians in this country was marked by certain tensions – ranging from mutual suspicion to even hostility; and the emerging dialogue, in which women seem to take the lead, marks changes in the diaspora’s orientation and calls for a closer attention to the place of women in the life of a migrant community. Instead of looking at the history of the organization as a coherent story, I suggest examining conflicts and negotiations within that history; I am analyzing the negotiations between or among women that belong to different waves of Ukrainian migration to the U.S.A., have a different social background, belong to different age groups, and whose relation to the homeland and understanding of women’s role in the nation- and community-building are sometimes conflicting. But instead of asking whether women’s interests were once again surrendered for the greater community’s good , I suggest that the success and failures of the dialogue between those different groups provide convenient grounds for analysis of the intersection of gender and ethnic identities of the diaspora at large.diasporamigrant womengenerationnew-comersfourth wavewomen organizationsUkrainiannationalismapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/59p5g3b3https://escholarship.org/content/qt59p5g3b3/qt59p5g3b3.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt57k2604f2011-03-18T17:02:21Zqt57k2604fMarketing "Honor Killing" Memoirs: Confronting Western Depictions of Muslim WomenPazargadi, Leila2010-04-01Through the recent mass production of violent stories in Muslim women’s life writing western, news agencies and publishing houses mistakenly operate on the assumption, that, in the words of Gayatri Spivak: “the white man must save the brown woman from the brown man.” Of course, I am no longer referring to the imperial and colonial “white man” who is the supposed torchbearer of civilized society, but also to first-world feminist scholars who seek to liberate Muslim women from what they consider as oppressive practices. What are the dangers of liberal discourse that attempt to shape and liberate another culture and community according to European and American values?LiteraturememoirsIslamWomenMuslim Womenapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/57k2604fhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt57k2604f/qt57k2604f.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt56g1d8gw2011-03-18T17:01:21Zqt56g1d8gwThe World Above the Water Line: From the 1960s to New York City’s A.I.R. GalleryDastin, Elizabeth2010-04-01This presentation examines the feminist historical happenings of the 1960s and how they led to the creation of New York City’s A.I.R. Gallery. Founded in 1972 by multi-media artist Susan Williams and sculptor Barbara Zucker, A.I.R. is the first artist-run, not-for-profit gallery for women artists in the United States. Enlivened by the Women’s Liberation Movement of the 60s, members of the art world began publicly protesting the paucity of work by women artists in museum exhibitions and permanent collections; however, women were still being denied access to the commercial gallery system. This absence from the gallery world perpetuated the fictive (and gender biased) belief that somehow work by women was of lesser quality than work by men. A.I.R. Gallery was conceptualized out of this frustration.A.I.R. Gallery1970'sfeminist artartSusan WilliamsBarbara Zuckerart historyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/56g1d8gwhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt56g1d8gw/qt56g1d8gw.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4zr1v4bq2011-03-18T16:54:44Zqt4zr1v4bq“Within the Ashes of Our Survival” Lesbian and Gay Antiracist Organizing in New York City, 1980-1984Lewis, Abram J.2010-04-01This paper began as an investigation into a violent yet relatively obscure police raid on “Blues,” a gay bar in midtown Manhattan frequented by “black gays and transvestites” on September 29, 1982.1 I focus on the virtually-unstudied political thought and activism of two of the groups coordinating the response to the raid: Dykes Against Racism Everywhere (DARE) and the NY chapter of Black and White Men Together. Although LGBT historians have characterized the radical moment of gay liberation as decisively “over” by the mid 1970s, this assessment eclipses an extraordinary proliferation of queer of color activist, artistic, and social groups in the latter half of the decade.2 As such, the historiographical aspirations of this paper are twofold: First, I have attempted to heed Roderick Ferguson’s admonition that queer studies’ fixation on Foucault has “driven conversations about sexual formations… away from considerations of race” and elided women of color feminism as an alternative genealogy for theorizing racialized sexuality.3 Second, my project is conversation with an important and growing body of scholarship on what Lisa Duggan has termed “homonormativity.”Other Race, Ethnicity and post-Colonial StudiesLGBTActivismRacismDykes Against Racism Everywhere (DARE)Black and White Men Together1980'sNew York Cityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4zr1v4bqhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4zr1v4bq/qt4zr1v4bq.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4zp5s4nm2011-03-18T16:54:41Zqt4zp5s4nmJogo Bonito: a Study of Brazilian Soccer as a Modern Spectacle of RacesRosa, Cristina F.2010-04-01Rolland Barthes (1961, 2007) suggests that modern sporting spectacles have assumed the primary social role theatre once had in Greco-Roman antiquity, gathering diverse groups of people under a shared experience. He draws a direct relationship between sporting spectacles and national communities. In the case of Brazil, soccer does the trick. Brazil is the only country to have played in every World Cup, winning the championship five times. In the next 10 minutes, I will run across the span of 70 years, juggling between the chronology of the sport with a series of benchmark events surrounding the history of Brazil’s political black movement. We begin with the Abolition of Slavery in 1888, and conclude with the country first victory in the 1958 World Cup, gesturing towards future discussions. In between, I will historicize the (late) process of inclusion of visibly black males on national soccer teams in the 1930s, stirring up a dramatic revolution within the image Brazilian had of themselves.SoccerBrazilNational IdentityWorld Cupapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4zp5s4nmhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4zp5s4nm/qt4zp5s4nm.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4tj1x4bv2011-03-18T16:51:00Zqt4tj1x4bvOverlooking the Gender and Sexuality of a “Woman in Science” Physicist Lise Meitner in Weimar BerlinVogt, Elizabeth C.2010-04-01Lise Meitner has become a feminist icon both because of her successful career as a “woman in science” and because of the extensive discrimination she faced, discrimination that was multi-faceted but based primarily on her gender and Jewish ancestry. Through her research on radioactivity and nuclear physics, Meitner was familiar with the frustration of being close to a discovery but overlooking a crucial observation or being unable to interpret key experimental results. Before identifying nuclear fission as the cause of the radioactivity they were studying, she and her Berlin team had been confident that their results were evidence of an entirely different phenomenon. Meitner felt their reluctance to look at a substance assumed to be unremarkable and the limits of their experimental techniques together delayed the discovery of nuclear fission by more than a year. This paper argues that gender assignment, gender identity and sexual orientation have been similarly overlooked in biographical studies of Lise Meitner, despite being crucial to the study of identity.genderintersexLGBTqueerwomen in sciencehistory of sciencehistory of physicsnuclear fissionWeimar Berlinapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tj1x4bvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4tj1x4bv/qt4tj1x4bv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt4rb3d9mf2011-03-18T16:48:56Zqt4rb3d9mf“What I need to see life through rose-colored glasses is a good fuck”: How a Performance of Ambivalent Sexuality Comes to Figure a Site of Metonymic Trangenerational Haunting in Maryse Conde’s HeremakhononBishop, Elizabeth2010-04-01Maryse Conde’s novel, Heremakhonon, recounts the story of a woman who is haunted by shadows and traces of an irrecoverable past. The protagonist, Veronica travels to Africa, motivated by a desire to find her ancestors. She doesn’t find her ancestors, but instead displaces this desire elsewhere. This paper will be an attempt to map the oscillations of this desire from its painful origins through to its ultimately productive activity. I want to think about the ways in which a history of the persistent instrumentalization of black women’s bodies comes to be performed in this text through the strategic uses of a sexualized figure. Sexualized black women haunt the history of slavery and the African diaspora; these women have become condensed into a figure of transgenerational haunting which shifts metonymically throughout Conde’s novel. Some questions I am interested in are: How does desire function in this text and what are the significances of its oscillations? How can we go about thinking ambivalence and metonymy together in a literary discourse which engages the history of slavery in simultaneously comical and painful ways? How does a desire constituted by lack come to occupy a place of active, recuperative agency?Maryse CondeHeremakhononAfrican diasporasexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rb3d9mfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt4rb3d9mf/qt4rb3d9mf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt45r0t2r32011-03-18T16:32:43Zqt45r0t2r3QTGNC Resistance, Neoliberalism, and Social MemoryGossett, Che2010-04-01My paper focuses on the memorialization of Stonewall through the 2009 “Rainbow Pilgrimage" campaign and the ways in which it serves to preserve and construct social memory. I am interested in the ways in which inclusion is mobilized as a technology of governance and domination, enclosing radical spaces and dreams into the fold of the state, while failing to address the needs of the communities out from which those acts of resistance and desires emerged. Finally, I plan to explore the affective responses to Stonewall and Compton's Café uprisings and how the monumentalization of sites of resistance coincides with teleological narratives in which queer insurrection and trauma are seen as vestiges of the past.Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesmemorializationLGBTuprisingsCompton's CafeStonewallqueerapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/45r0t2r3https://escholarship.org/content/qt45r0t2r3/qt45r0t2r3.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt43d8m3fk2011-03-18T16:30:19Zqt43d8m3fkDo Not Cry for Me, Confucius: The Reconstruction of Chinese Female Identity During the Cultural RevolutionHuang, Hui2010-04-01Traditional Chinese women were portrayed as delicate and submissive. The most famous proverbs prevailed in imperial China were “A woman without knowledge is a woman of virtue” and “It is the law of nature that woman should be held under the dominance of man.” Indeed, the rule of surviving in a society for any ancient Chinese women was “three obedience and four virtues”: a woman had to be obedient to her father before marriage, to her husband after marriage and to her son after her husband's death. She had to be moral, have proper speech, a modest manner and do diligent work.” A woman was doomed to subjugate to man from the moment she was born. This situation didn’t change until Sun Yat-Sen overthrew the feudalism institution in 1911. However, there was any feminist movement afterwards. Not until year 1966, in order to consolidate his control over Chinese ideology and eradicate anticommunist influences, Chairman Mao launched an unprecedented revolution in China: Proletarian Cultural Great Revolution. Although Cultural Revolution is still a taboo in Chinese society, it is a common sense among Chinese intellectuals that it was a disaster on Chinese ancient culture and civilization. In this paper, I attempt to demonstrate the radical feminist liberation movement appeared in this revolution, to investigate how this revolution "aimed at a complete cultural transformation of China, including on the issue of gender" (Hong, 2002).ConfuciusWomenChinaCultural Revolutionapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/43d8m3fkhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt43d8m3fk/qt43d8m3fk.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3kj8q07x2011-03-18T16:15:22Zqt3kj8q07xIntersexuality, Human Rights, and the Colombian Constitutional Court’s Notion of GenderSánchez, Alisa2010-04-01In case SU-337 of 1999, the Colombian Constitutional Court ruled that it could not accept a mother’s consent on behalf of her eight-year-old intersex child for genital reconstruction surgery, part of the standard treatment regimen for intersex children in Colombia, as in the U.S. The Court came to its decision after consulting Colombian and international experts and evaluating their contributions in the light of the Colombian Constitution and international human rights treaties. Indeed, the decision approximates a debate between two competing opinions about intersex treatment, and ultimately notions of gender, both rooted in the United States. The Court first presents the opinion of the Colombian medical community, which it finds bases its treatment on the work of John Money, a U.S. psychologist. Then the Court considers the scholarship and testimonies of intersex activists and academics, mostly based in the U.S., and determines that they generally oppose medical intervention for intersex children who are too young to consent. A close reading of SU-337 reveals that these two competing camps of opinion on intersex management also present contrasting notions of gender. The Court’s own notion of gender, as it arises in this case, is a formulation of aspects from the two sides, and is thus highly international. “Notion of gender” in this paper entails ideas of what gender is and how it comes about for/in a person. Following a further introduction to the details of the case and intersexuality, the paper delineates aspects of the medical establishment’s notion of gender, the intersex activists and scholars’ opposed notion, and finally, the Court’s own notion.IntersexualityLawColombiaAge of ConsentGenderapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3kj8q07xhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3kj8q07x/qt3kj8q07x.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt3fj297bz2011-03-18T16:11:35Zqt3fj297bzLabiaplasty and the Construction of the “Normal”Sen, NeslihanAbrams, Elizabeth T.2010-04-01Labiaplasty has become another market to create homogenized, standard bodies through a claim on perfect pre-pubescent vaginas for all women disregarding racial and natural differences in shape and color. The booming market indicates women who can afford the procedure are alienated from their own bodies and somewhat are convinced that their bodies deviate from the standard in area where deviance is the standard.Plastic SurgeryLabiaplastyWomenBodiesSexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fj297bzhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt3fj297bz/qt3fj297bz.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt37c441q42011-03-18T16:05:18Zqt37c441q4The Politics of Making SenseBierria, Alisa2010-04-01How do we describe the agency of someone who acts in a context of governing definitions, meanings, and intuitions that fail to create a foundation for others to interpret their actions as they intend them? Descriptions of intention typically begin with the premise that it is the agent herself that authors the meaning behind her acts. However, because actions gain collective meaning through their social context, it is others that help confer meaning agential intention. We generally rely on shared meaning in an ongoing process of interpreting our own and others' behaviors. We act in such a way to be understood by others, to make sense, in order to carry on in a social world. Through acknowledging each other's intentions via a mutually constructed background of meaning, we legitimize each others' actions as "reasonable," "understandable," and "clear."Literature in English, North AmericaHarriet Jacobsslaverysexual exploitationidentityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/37c441q4https://escholarship.org/content/qt37c441q4/qt37c441q4.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2w85f8kv2011-03-18T15:55:04Zqt2w85f8kvMethodologies of Culture, Gender, and Violence: Logics of Belonging and Exclusion in South Asian Immigrant CommunitiesMunshi, Soniya2010-04-01Here, I examine the relationship between South Asian Women's Organization (SAWO)’s work, predicated upon ideas of cultural-specificity of domestic violence in South Asian communities, and state responses to immigrant survivors of domestic violence. I will look at the deployment of categories of exception for a narrow subset of “battered immigrant women,” made possible through the Violence Against Women Act (1994), who are then exempted from many of the repressive policies that generally impact immigrant populations. This mechanism of exception allows the state to reveal and enact its investment in the production of self-reliant neoliberal citizens who are recuperated from the unruliness of the larger immigrant population. I argue that SAWOs’ methodologies of culture are compatible with the logics of belonging and exclusion that undergird strategies of biopolitical governance that create, manage, and invest/disinvest in different immigrant populations. Methodologies of culture require difference—albeit a legible difference that can be shaped to conform with eligibility criteria—in order to secure belonging into the population of “battered immigrant women” for some South Asian survivors of violence. This mechanism constructs and exempts an ideal multicultural victim-subject whose experience of violence is located primarily in the interpersonal sphere and obscures the structural violence that impacts the everyday lives of immigrant women who are not eligible for recognition as “battered immigrant women.” I also argue that the privileging of good victim-subjects who can be folded into the larger citizenry occurs at the expense of those who are deemed too unruly to be managed and, thus, excluded from SAWOs’ constituencies. The articulation of these relationships that currently underlie strategies to counter domestic violence in South Asian communities hopes to encourage social change models that envision transformation by centralizing the marginalized subsets of our communities.Community EngagementDomestic ViolenceSoutheast AsiaWomenWomen's GroupsActivismCommunity ActivismSAWOapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w85f8kvhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2w85f8kv/qt2w85f8kv.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2r50679n2011-03-18T15:50:44Zqt2r50679nThe Virtual Aesthetics of Cosmetic Surgery: The Pleasure in Imagining the Body MorphedCohn, Jonathan2010-04-01Cosmetic Surgery, photography, and image manipulation have been intertwined since the inception of the medical field. The before and after surgery photo is central to the way surgeons communicate their goals to patients, who are overwhelmingly women, and to the public at large as a marketing tool. With computers and digital image manipulation programs, a third type of image has emerged—the simulated post-op photo. In this simulation, a photo is taken before a plastic surgery. The patient discusses with the doctor how she or he would like to look after the surgery and what parts of the body they would like to change. The doctor then takes the their photo and digitally manipulates it to the patient’s specifications—either by changing the shape of the nose, enlarging the breasts, decreasing the size of the stomach or any of a number of other digital plastic surgery operations. In the process of creating these images, patients are able to test out their potential new bodies and learn more about how plastic surgeons discuss and evaluate the human form.cosmetic surgeryphotographydigital manipulationaestheticsapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2r50679nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2r50679n/qt2r50679n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2pz1z0c02011-03-18T15:49:31Zqt2pz1z0c0“Both Mom and Dad Should Go to Work so the Family Would Have More Money”: Children’s Attitudes Towards Occupational Gender Roles in the Village of Metztitlán, MexicoMilicevic, Zorana2010-04-01While the negotiation of gender roles among adults in Mexico has received considerable academic attention (Hirsch, 2003, Guttman, 1996, Melhuus, 1992, Romanucci-Ross, 1986), little is known about how Mexican children reason about gender issues and how they deal with these concerns in their everyday interactions. My research is based on a 12-month-long ethnographic fieldwork in Metztitlán, a mestizo, Spanish-speaking village with about 5000 inhabitants, located in the State of Hidalgo, central Mexico. In this paper , I will explore the attitudes of children from 6 to 11 years of age to occupational gender roles in a setting where the discourse on gender equality and its manifestations, explicitly promoted both at school and in certain situations in many homes, coexists with strongly pervasive expressions of ideas rooted in traditional values.anthropology of childhoodchildren in rural Mexicomiddle childhoodgender developmentsexual division of labourtraditional and modern gender rolesgender equalityhome economicsfamily well-beingeducationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pz1z0c0https://escholarship.org/content/qt2pz1z0c0/qt2pz1z0c0.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2n84m6gn2011-03-18T15:48:10Zqt2n84m6gnZombies, Haiti, and (Sex) Workers: On Relating to Modernity/Coloniality and SubalterityKoné, Mzilikazi2010-04-01Zombie films, books, and metaphors appear to be here to stay, and this paper will go further to question the extension of the zombie metaphors into other realms. This work seeks to question whether workers in general, and specifically, sex-workers are an imagined zombie community. Do the original perceptions of the zonbi in the Haitian context mobilize this metaphor? And can the zombie metaphor be related to the literature on the subaltern, and on perceptions of modernity and coloniality?Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality StudiesZombiesZonbisMythMetaphorSex WorkersHaitiVodunSexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2n84m6gnhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2n84m6gn/qt2n84m6gn.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2mz7t3mf2011-03-18T15:47:58Zqt2mz7t3mfWitness Intimidation by Extended Family Members in Domestic Violence: Issues and SolutionsCantwell, Megan2010-04-01Witness tampering is a kind of obstruction of justice, but in the context of domestic violence, it falls under the category of crimes that are usually not punished. A mantle of family privacy which used to cover a spouses’ assault, threats of physical violence, or rape, may make practitioners reticent to consider imposing criminal penalties for witness tampering. Prosecutors may lose the testimony of their star witness because an abuser, or his or her family, is encouraging a victim-witness to change her, or his, story, especially when coercion or threats come from a family member acting as a go-between for the abuser. I seek to examine the legal and social implications of this possible unspoken exception to the doctrine of witness tampering, and the consequences of failing to hold accountable batterers and their families in the wake of Giles, Davis, and Crawford. Formerly, prosecutors of domestic violence prosecutions could use evidence of domestic violence, such as statements to police about the incident, to prosecute even if the witness/ victim was uncooperative. Hearsay was admissible if probative and reliable, and the witness was unavailable. First, I would like to prove the existence of this and other obstacles to prosecuting perpetrators of domestic violence, and second, to explore the reasoning behind it. Is there a legal justification for prosecuting witness tampering in other contexts, such as mafia or gang prosecutions, but not when the tampering 3rd party is trying to preserve a family or marriage instead of an illegal enterprise? Is there a hidden mens rea requirement that allows selective prosecution of only certain group criminality? I see problematic implications to prosecuting only some witness tampering, and seek to explore possible solutions from other prosecutions against groups that seek to protect themselves, so that a prosecutor can continue their prosecution when a family has closed ranks.domestic violencelawprosecutionfamilieswitness intimidationapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2mz7t3mfhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2mz7t3mf/qt2mz7t3mf.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2jc955k72011-03-18T15:45:35Zqt2jc955k7¿Ay mama, que será lo quiere el negro?: Racialized Representations of Women in La Sonora Dinamita’s CumbiasJiménez, Gabriela2010-04-01Popular music (re)counts stories about Colombia, race, and gender. And in the cumbias of La Sonora Dinamita, one of Colombia’s most popular and internally-known bands, we hear some of these narratives; they are heard musically, as genres coalesce, linguistically, as vocal intonations and deliveries fortify language’s meaning, and lyrically, as words voice common ideas. Yet for the sake of time and space, I focus on what is sung and not on how nor to what these lyrics are sung. Such an analytical approach unveils how, racially, women are categorized simply as either white, mestiza, or black. La Sonora Dinamita’s lyrics disclose the racialization of gender through popular culture, I argue, where each label delineates specific gender roles, and where at the base of these constructed identities is the dissemination of racial codes imposed during the colonial experiment and subsequently (re)modified in the never-ending process of forming a nation.raceLatin Americapopular culturecumbiaLa Sonora DinamitawomengenderColombianationalismsubjectivityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jc955k7https://escholarship.org/content/qt2jc955k7/qt2jc955k7.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt2gz539tr2011-03-18T15:44:15Zqt2gz539trThe Physicality of Deviance in the Nancy Drew Mystery SeriesHarper, Katie2010-04-01Racial and ethnic minorities almost exclusively play the role of “Other” in the Nancy Drew stories, starring as villains or relegated to roles as menial laborers. To showcase Nancy’s racial superiority, Keene emphasizes Nancy’s freedom by juxtaposing it against characters that have less than full freedom or personhood. In the Nancy Drew stories, immigrants or individuals of foreign descent are portrayed as dangerous, suspicious, untrustworthy, uneducated, and criminal. Language often acts as an indicator of a character’s status as white or non-white. Nash notes, “Keene uses dialogue to signal Otherness: non-whites and white ethnics usually speak in broad dialects, while Anglo villains reveal a contemptible lower-class status through their poor grammar.” The descriptions of villains reflect a technique used in some filmmaking, where the heroes and heroines are always attractive and the villain is identifiable by his or her ugliness or deformity. This pattern seems particularly true for female characters, whose outward appearances are a clear depiction of their inner qualities. Aside from Nancy and her close friends, women in the series are relegated to menial work and are often poor, unattractive, and racialized.Literature in English, North AmericaNancy Drewliteraturegenderraceclassapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gz539trhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt2gz539tr/qt2gz539tr.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1ms615532011-03-18T15:18:46Zqt1ms61553The Equality Courts as a Tool for Gender TransformationKeehn, Emily N.2010-04-01In March 2009, Sonke Gender Justice Network filed a complaint at the Equality Court in Johannesburg against the African National Congress (“ANC”) Youth League Leader, Julius Malema. The complaint was lodged in response to remarks he made to university students concerning Jacob Zuma’s rape accuser claiming that she likely enjoyed herself during the incident. Sonke’s Equality Court case alleges hate speech, unfair discrimination and harassment of women, and is only the second high profile gender equality case to be taken to the Equality Courts since their inception in 2003. This case study provides an analysis of the Equality Courts as a new legal forum for gender transformation work by examining the history and theoretical foundations for the courts, the procedures for utilising the courts, the problems and challenges faced when using the courts, and documenting Sonke’s own experiences in lodging its case.AfricaWomenGenderEqualityCourtsEquality CourtsLawapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1ms61553https://escholarship.org/content/qt1ms61553/qt1ms61553.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1mr6v2732011-03-18T15:18:43Zqt1mr6v273“They Run, They Sweat, We Write”: ESPN’s Bill Simmons, Sports Journalism, and Intersectional IdentitiesEschrich, Joey2010-04-01Bill Simmons, also known as “The Sports Guy,” has been perhaps the most prolific and polarizing figure in US sports journalism since joining ESPN, the “worldwide leader in sports,” in 2001. Simmons is the most visible representative of a huge contemporary shift in sports journalism, which is increasingly leaving behind the traditional, serious-minded “reporterly” mode associated with print media and turning toward the growing influence of a free-form aesthetic, derived from the writing style of non-professional bloggers. This style treats sports as a component of pop culture, rather than a sanctified space apart from it. I argue that the astounding popularity of Simmons’ work, which includes columns for ESPN.com, audio podcasts, television documentaries, a Twitter feed, two New York Times-bestselling books, and until recently a monthly column in ESPN: The Magazine, is a result of his particular style of mobilizing his intersectional identity as an upper-middle class white male sports fanatic. Simmons’ journalistic work is more comprehensible and legible as the demonstration of a particular identity that he models and offers to his fans than as a literary exercise or as a means to deliver information and analysis. The Simmons phenomenon models a new mode of sports journalism production and consumption that is not built on insider information or authority but on the construction of a unique, immersive identity projected by the writer and shared in by his or her fans. Following on this point, I suggest that Simmons’ particular identity is attractive to sports fans because it offers a palatable way for them to define and experience themselves as white and white-collar, both of which are fraught positions in the sports world and the media complex that surrounds it.Broadcast and Video StudiesSportswritingSportsMasculinityRaceBill SimmonsESPNMediaJournalismIntersectionalityIdentityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1mr6v273https://escholarship.org/content/qt1mr6v273/qt1mr6v273.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1h37w6r82011-03-18T15:15:20Zqt1h37w6r8Poststructuralist Agency in the Southern California Punk SceneSpence, Rebecca2010-04-01Punk is often thought of as a culture of resistance—resistance to conventional music, to conservative politics, to standards of appearance, to parental authority. Few portrayals do much to clarify what specifically qualifies as punk and what does not, but rather favor a general, though impassioned, description of punk as quintessentially resistant. This is appealing largely due to conflicts within the punk community about how to define its borders. Angela McRobbie, in Postmodernism and Popular Culture writes that this struggle is central to many youth subcultures, that “perhaps the emphasis on authenticity is a precondition for acquiring subjectivity and identity in adolescence, one of the attractions of subcultures being precisely that it offers strong subjectivity through the collective meanings that emerge from the distinctive combination of signs, symbols, objects, styles, and other ‘signifying texts.” As punks grow past adolescence, they often lean toward more inclusive definitions. Although the struggle for authenticity within the punk scene can manifest in emotional and physical violence, I argue the attempts to push back these borders can be equally oppressive. I highlight the ways that, in the midst of this violence, women and people of color in the punk scene are exercising agency, through combining various discourses in self-determined representations.poststructuralismagencypunkSouthern CaliforniadisidentificationsubculturegenealogyidentitycommunityBronwyn Daviesapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h37w6r8https://escholarship.org/content/qt1h37w6r8/qt1h37w6r8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1517r1q92011-03-18T15:05:29Zqt1517r1q9Manlier than Mozart: The Anti-Wagnerian Stance of “A Wicked Voice”Milsom, Alexandra2010-04-01On September 16, 1886, eleven months prior to the initial French publication of “Voix maudite,” Vernon Lee heard her friend Mary Wakefield sing in the Palazzo Barbaro on the Rio dell’Orso in Venice. , Lee later dedicated “A Wicked Voice” to “M.W.” and in the dedication states that the story is written “in remembrance of the last song at Palazzo Barbaro…” At the conclusion of the story itself, the narrator attempts to prevent the “wicked voice” of Zaffirino from concluding its own “last song” because extended exposure to it threatens the narrator’s aesthetic sensibilities as well as his stalwart heterosexuality. The narrator’s abortive attempts to emulate the heterosexual heroics of Wagnerian operatic epics stand in stark contrast with his uncontrollable appetite for the ghost of an eighteenth century castrato. Given the biographical information recently compiled in Catherine Maxwell’s article about Lee’s friendship with Wakefield, and given the connection of the operatic voice with homoerotic attraction in this story, there remains little doubt that “A Wicked Voice” promotes an affinity between naturally-arising aesthetic sensibilities and homoerotic desire."A Wicked Voice"MusicOperaHomoeroticismSexualityapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/1517r1q9https://escholarship.org/content/qt1517r1q9/qt1517r1q9.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt13h5x6r52011-03-18T15:04:01Zqt13h5x6r5“If I Wanna Act Freaky Then That’s My Business”: Lil Kim and the Politics of Performing Public Sexuality for a Black Woman RapperThomas, Jocelyn2010-04-01Lil Kim’s highly sexualized image and lyrics are seen as manifestations of the sexist, misogynistic ideologies imbedded in rap culture. The glorification of fashion and opulence in her work stand in for the nihilistic reproduction of capitalist fantasy in rap. Lastly, her depictions of criminal lifestyle and activities valorize this hyperviolent behavior and celebrate ‘gang-ster’ culture. As I said these are some representations of Lil Kim and her work. Lil Kim becomes not just a persona in rap music culture but a figure, a placeholder, for multiple contentious debates within and about rap music culture. The purpose of this paper is to argue an alternative reading of Lil Kim’s persona. This is not an apologia for the pornographic nature of some of Lil Kim’s work or an attempt to reframe that nature as an absolute positive. But instead I would like to examine the discourse around Lil Kim and how that discourse is reflective of or at least referential of larger discourses within feminism and scholarship on women around sexual agency and exploitation that I think is most visible in the 1980s pornography debates.Lil KimRapHip HopFeminismSexualityGenderMusicapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/13h5x6r5https://escholarship.org/content/qt13h5x6r5/qt13h5x6r5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt12t2v8h52011-03-18T15:03:13Zqt12t2v8h5Women and the Human Right to Food: Examining Rights-based Approaches to the Gendered Cost of Food in the U.S.Carney, Megan2010-04-01In this paper, I discuss how food insecurity has been politicized most recently in the United States and abroad through a framework of human rights and argue that the development of a global-industrial food system has systematically marginalized those who have been most instrumental in ensuring food security. I further explore how a discourse of gender equality has paralleled discourse on the human right to food. Finally, I draw on findings from a study of gendered repercussions of a global-industrial food system and relate these findings to the food sovereignty movement.Social and Cultural Anthropologyfood securityfood sovereigntyhuman right to foodgendered cost of foodLatinasapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/12t2v8h5https://escholarship.org/content/qt12t2v8h5/qt12t2v8h5.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt12s6v1v22011-03-18T15:03:10Zqt12s6v1v2Straddler-based Gender Reform in Saudi Arabia: The Case of Jeddah Chamber of Commerce and IndustryHamilton, Katherine2010-04-01This essay inquires into the process of gender role negotiation in Saudi Arabia by examining the dynamics of organizations that straddle ambiguous state-society boundaries and how they have been used to pioneer successful gender reform initiatives in the conservative oil kingdom. The specific case of inquiry is the Jeddah Chamber of Commerce and Industry (JCCI), the leading organization in which women were elected to governance positions for the first time in the history of Saudi Arabia. The JCCI also became the prototype for a series of successful initiatives that established business women’s councils in the main Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CCIs) across the country. In the context of the JCCI narrative, the essay makes a number of claims: 1) the dynamics of associational life in Saudi Arabia constitute crucial negotiation sites of the current governance reform process taking shape in the country; 2) that a “straddler” focus of analysis provides a useful model for inquiry into gender articulation in Saudi Arabia; and 3) that “straddler” organizations were indispensable for the success of pioneering feminist reformers in the country and the discursive shifts they achieved. State laws and regulations that set the rules for the corporatist arrangement of Saudi CCIs and their internal governance were examined. The web presence of national and regional CCIs were also analyzed in terms of the information that they provided to the public, the primacy of gender reform issues in their presentation, and the ability of users to connect with businesswomen councils and their leaders.GenderFeminismSaudi Arabiapolicyapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/12s6v1v2https://escholarship.org/content/qt12s6v1v2/qt12s6v1v2.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0q14p11n2011-03-18T14:52:52Zqt0q14p11nYarns: Community, Creativity, and Craft in the Textile ArtsVaughn, Chelsea K.2010-04-01Interviews conducted for Yarns: Community, Creativity, and Craft in the Textile Arts explore the interrelationship between feminism and craftwork. For my purposes, I use the word craftwork to describe creative efforts that contribute to the home economy, with an emphasis on jobs traditionally performed by women. While craftwork often deals with textiles, it also includes areas such as decorative or tole painting and paper craft. This series of interviews focuses particularly on the shifts that have occurred with craftwork over the proceeding forty years and the external events that caused these changes. Considerations include: the different experiences of women who learned craftwork either prior to or after the rise of second wave feminism; the role of class status—particularly how the increased availability of inexpensive readymade items changed craftwork for working class women from a financial necessity to a form of creative expression; and the position of craftwork within third wave feminism with its increased elevation to both an art form and a political statement. These interviews will be part of an ongoing venture titled the Women’s Work Project (WWP).CraftWorkTextileOral HistoryFeminismWomenCommunityClassCreativityArtapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0q14p11nhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0q14p11n/qt0q14p11n.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0nc519x82011-03-18T14:51:16Zqt0nc519x8MTV’s ‘HILLS’ of Money: How MTV Tapped the Postfeminist Demographic in an Age of Extreme Media ConvergenceNygaard, Taylor2010-04-01Using "The Hills" as an illustrative text, I am going to discuss the relationship between surveillance and disciplinary femininity, in general, in order to understand the contradictory tension surrounding surveillance for young women like Heidi Montag in today’s mediated environment. In order to do this I’ll contrast the girl’s rhetoric of empowerment and claims to be role models with the ways in which the show’s surveillance practices and ties to consumer culture are helping to produce, reproduce or strengthen some of the disciplinary aspects of femininity that already operate in society. I’ll do this by reading "The Hills" through the lens of Sandra Lee Bartky’s 1990 critique of Foucault’s theory on the discipline tied to surveillance.MTVgenderfeminismmediaapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nc519x8https://escholarship.org/content/qt0nc519x8/qt0nc519x8.pdfarticleoai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0n45563d2011-03-18T14:51:00Zqt0n45563dHis Strike, Her Fight: Gender Roles and Identity Formation in the Massillon WarSampson, Jason W.2010-04-01Life and work in American coal-mining communities during the latter half of the nineteenth century fostered gender relations which diverged in distinct ways from both hegemonic, middle-class norms and subaltern, working-class ideals. The Massillon War, the culmination of a series of labor disputes in the coal fields of Stark County, Ohio, between 1874 and 1876, highlights the importance of gender roles and identities in the coal mines. By investigating the strikes and violence this paper addresses a gap in the historiography of coal mining by focusing on the creation of gender identity in a hyper-masculinized industry. The dynamics of a strike in this coal-mining community provides insight into the influences of family, community, and the workplace on creating definitions of manhood which contrasted with the hegemonic nineteenth-century norms embodied by the middle class. While by no means comprehensive, this paper explores two distinct factors in the labor dispute which were indicative of colliers’ conceptions of manhood, specifically the questions of wages and workers control and the role of women in the strike and on the picket-lines. In doing so, this investigation exposes a distinct concept of collier manhood which embodied aspects of hegemonic and subaltern ideals while rejecting simple classification in either category. Stark County coal miners and their families instead created gendered identities which reflected their unique position in nineteenth-century America.GenderIdentityCoal Miningapplication/pdfpubliceScholarship, University of Californiahttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n45563dhttps://escholarship.org/content/qt0n45563d/qt0n45563d.pdfarticle