http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/lbnl_ps/rss Recent eScholarship items from Physical Sciences Fri, 21 Aug 2026 12:07:09 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90v220bk We perform a global Bayesian analysis of diffractive production in and collisions using a color glass condensate (CGC) based calculation framework. As past calculations have shown that CGC-based models typically overpredict the production in collisions at high center of mass energy, we address the question of whether it is possible to describe coherent and incoherent diffractive data from collisions at Hadron–Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA) and the LHC, and from collisions at the LHC simultaneously. Our results indicate that a simultaneous description of and data is challenging, with results improving when an overall -factor—scaling and cross sections to absorb model uncertainties—is introduced. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90v220bk Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mäntysaari, Heikki Roch, Hendrik Salazar, Farid Schenke, Björn Shen, Chun Zhao, Wenbin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8324-6134 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q14g34g This work presents timing measurements of 4H-SiC low gain avalanche detectors (4H-SiC LGADs) using beta particles from a ${}^{90}$ Sr source. The 4H-SiC LGADs exhibit fast signal responses, and a time resolution of 61 ps was achieved, comparable to that of standard Si LGADs. The present limitation in the time resolution of 4H-SiC LGADs appears to stem from limited charge generation. Nevertheless, their higher voltage tolerance and faster carrier drift suggest that, with increased charge collection, their timing performance could approach or even surpass that of Si LGADs. These results demonstrate the strong potential of 4H-SiC LGADs as a robust platform for precision timing in future 4-D tracking detectors, while also highlighting that signal charge is the dominant factor currently limiting their performance, indicating that further optimization of gain and drift structures will be essential for future development. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q14g34g Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Yang, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2161-5808 Satapathy, Yashas Sekely, Ben J Tishelman-Charny, Abraham Allion, Greg Atar, Gil Barletta, Philip Haber, Carl Holland, Steve Muth, John F Pavlidis, Spyridon Stucci, Stefania https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n99q295 Particle physics theories, such as those which explain neutrino flavor mixing, arise from a vast landscape of model-building possibilities. A model’s construction typically relies on the intuition of theorists. It also requires considerable effort to identify appropriate symmetry groups, assign field representations, and extract predictions for comparison with experimental data. We develop Autonomous Model Builder (AMBer), a framework in which a reinforcement learning agent interacts with a streamlined physics software pipeline to search these spaces efficiently. AMBer selects symmetry groups, particle content, and group representation assignments to construct models while minimizing the number of free parameters introduced. We validate our approach in well-studied regions of theory space and extend the exploration to a previously unexamined symmetry group. While demonstrated in the context of neutrino flavor theories, this approach of reinforcement learning with physics software... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n99q295 Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Baretz, Jason Benjamin Fieg, Max Ganesh, Vijay Ghosh, Aishik https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0819-1553 Knapp-Pérez, V Rudolph, Jake Whiteson, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-3113 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/728282vf Experimental data pertaining to all nuclei with mass number A=169 (Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt) have been evaluated. Level schemes from both radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented, along with associated tables of experimental data and adopted properties for levels and γ rays. The present evaluation for A=169 supersedes the 2008 evaluation, 2008Ba31, by C.M. Baglin. A few highlights of this evaluation: More extensive work on ε decay from 169W is needed and new experimental work will be required to resolve a discrepancy between the J π values deduced for a 180-keV level in 169Ta based on extensive band structure from (HI,xnγ) work (J π =1/2−) and TDPAD measurements (J=5/2). Low lying states of 169Os were studied via fine structure of 173Pt α decay in 2014ThZZ. The Eαs feeding the g.s. of 169Os in 2008Ba31 are separated well into two consistent groups to feed the g.s. and the newly proposed state at 34.84 keV. Based on the studies of... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/728282vf Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Basunia, M Shamsuzzoha https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6d52d95v In the heterodyne approach to axion detection, axion dark matter induces transitions between two modes of a microwave cavity, resulting in a parametrically enhanced signal power. We describe the fabrication and characterization of a prototype normal conducting cavity specifically optimized for heterodyne detection. Corrugations on the cavity walls support linearly polarized hybrid modes which maximize the signal power while strongly suppressing noise. We demonstrate tuning mechanisms which allow one mode frequency to be scanned across a 4 MHz range, while suppressing cross-coupling noise by at least 80 dB. A future superconducting cavity with identical geometry to our prototype would have the potential to probe orders of magnitude beyond astrophysical bounds. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6d52d95v Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Li, Zenghai Zhou, Kevin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-3977 Oriunno, Marco Berlin, Asher Calatroni, Sergio D’Agnolo, Raffaele Tito Ellis, Sebastian AR Schuster, Philip Tantawi, Sami G Toro, Natalia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qk062kd Open, realistic datasets are essential for developing and benchmarking radiation detection algorithms, yet they remain scarce. The Radiological Anomaly Detection and Identification (RADAI) project was develop to create datasets that meet the training and testing needs for sophisticated radiation detection algorithms. The RADAI dataset is a large-scale synthetic resource that integrates high-fidelity Monte Carlo simulations with realistic urban scenarios to capture both background variability and source signatures. RADAI models construction-material NORM, people and vehicles, urban clutter, and dynamic environmental effects such as cosmic-ray and rain-induced transients, and they provide list-mode detector data with motion and response modeling suitable for algorithm training and evaluation. The RADAI project resulted in three publicly-released complementary datasets together with an online scoring portal for standardized performance assessment and an open software toolkit that... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qk062kd Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Quiter, Brian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-7455 Ghawaly, James Archer, Daniel Nicholson, Andrew Peplow, Douglas Prins, Nicholas Joshi, Tenzing Bandstra, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-7895 Jones, Andrew Nachtsheim, Abigael https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pz3r1sh A measurement of the associated production of a top-quark pair with the Higgs boson (tt¯H$$ t\overline{t}H $$) in multilepton final states is presented. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at s=13$$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. Six final states defined by the number and flavour of reconstructed charged leptons are combined in a simultaneous likelihood fit to extract the tt¯H$$ t\overline{t}H $$ signal and constrain the most relevant backgrounds. The measured tt¯H$$ t\overline{t}H $$ cross-section normalised to Standard Model (SM) prediction is σtt¯H/σSM=0.63−0.19+0.20$$ {\sigma}_{t\overline{t}H}/{\sigma}^{\mathrm{SM}}=0.{63}_{-0.19}^{+0.20} $$. This result corresponds to an observed (expected) significance of 3.3σ (5.3σ). Additionally, two other fits are used to measure the tt¯H$$ t\overline{t}H $$ cross-section differentially in bins... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3pz3r1sh Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Adam Bourdarios, C Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Ait Tamlihat, M Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Alexa, C Aleksandrov, IN Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Alvarez Fernandez, A Alves Cardoso, M Alviggi, MG Aly, M Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amor Dos Santos, SP Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T Aparo, MA Aperio Bella, L Apicella, M Appelt, C https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3dt9b87q The Neutral Particle Spectrometer (NPS) is an advanced calorimeter designed to measure neutral electromagnetic particles with high precision in energy, time, and position, under conditions of high luminosity and significant background. Integrated into the experimental setup of Hall C at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, the NPS plays a critical role in studies of nucleon structure through exclusive and semi-inclusive reaction channels. This paper presents an assessment of the detector’s performance characteristics, specifically its energy and timing resolution, derived from elastic electron–proton scattering data. We report an energy resolution between 1.2% and 1.3% in the 4.5–7.3 GeV range, and an intrinsic timing resolution better than 200 ps for energies above 500 MeV. These results serve as a reference for current and future precision measurements in hadronic physics. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3dt9b87q Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hamdi, W Crafts, J Huang, H Huang, Z Kerver, M Mathison, M Ploen, C Singh, A Song, T Zhang, YP Adhikari, D Ahmed, A Albataineh, H Aniol, K Asaturyan, A Gayoso, C Ayerbe Bosted, P Brash, E Camsonne, A Caylor, J Chahili, F Chen, J-P Colorado-Caicedo, JA Conaway, M Cotton, C Dusa, S Covrig Datta, P Defurne, M Devkota, B Dlamini, M Dutta, D Ent, R Fuchey, E Gamage, BR Gaskell, D Gautam, P Ghandilyan, Y Ghosh, C Gogami, T Hamilton, D Hansen, O Shabestari, M Hashemi Heinrich, N Henry, W Higinbotham, D Angulo, I Higuera Hoghmrtsyan, A Horn, T Huber, GM Hyde, CE Jo, H-S Jones, MK Junaid, M Kalantarians, N Kay, S King, PM Kinney, E Kundu, SK Lee, C Li, WB Li, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-5392 Lin, P-J Liu, H Mack, D Malace, S Marinaro, R Mazouz, M Michaels, R Mkrtchyan, A Mkrtchyan, H Moffit, B Montgomery, R Morean, C Niculescu, M Camacho, C Muñoz Nycz, M O’Kronley, J Panta, A Paremuzyan, R Park, S Pichard, P Postuma, AC Poudel, J Presley, H Reedy, R Reinhold, J Roche, J Ruth, D Santiesteban, N Sen, A Skorodumina, Iu Szumila-Vance, H Tadepalli, AS Tamang, B Tang, L Upton, D Villegas, G Voskanyan, H Voutier, E Wojtsekhowski, B https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9474w7zh This paper presents two searches for the electroweak production of higgsinos with compressed mass spectra using 140 fb−1 of s=13$$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are required to feature an energetic jet, large missing transverse momentum, and at least one low-momentum charged particle that serves as a candidate higgsino decay product. In the first search, targeting higgsino mass splittings in the range of 0.3–1 GeV, the higgsinos are expected to predominantly decay into pions that are identified as low-momentum charged particles with large transverse impact parameters due to the long higgsino lifetime (cτ ≈ ?(0.1–10 mm)), and neural networks are used to discriminate between signal and background processes. The second search targets larger mass splittings in the range of 1–3 GeV, where the higgsinos are expected to decay promptly into low-momentum leptons, one of which is identified by dedicated... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9474w7zh Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Adam Bourdarios, C Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Ait Tamlihat, M Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Alvarez Fernandez, A Alves Cardoso, M Alviggi, MG Aly, M Amaral Coutinho, Y Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amor Dos Santos, SP Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9318f4d5 This Letter analyzes the sensitivity of event geometry estimators to the initial-state kinematics of hard scattering in proton–lead collisions. This analysis uses dijets as a proxy for the parton–parton scattering configuration, correlating it with event geometry estimators, namely the energy deposited in the Zero-Degree Calorimeter and the transverse energy recorded in the Forward Calorimeter in the Pb-going direction. The analysis uses data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider with a nucleon–nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 56 nb − 1 . The jets are measured within the pseudorapidity interval −2.8  <  η  <  4.5, where positive η values correspond to the direction of the proton beam. Results are presented as a function of the Bjorken-x of the parton originating from the proton, xp . Both event geometry estimators are found to be dependent on xp , with the energy deposited in the Zero-Degree Calorimeter... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9318f4d5 Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cm1h3zj Models describing dark matter as a novel particle often predict that its annihilation or decay into Standard Model particles could produce a detectable neutrino flux in regions of high dark matter density, such as the Galactic Center. In this work, we search for these neutrinos using ∼9 years of IceCube-DeepCore data with an event selection optimized for energies between 15 to 200 GeV. We considered several annihilation and decay channels and dark matter masses ranging from 15 GeV up to 8 TeV. No significant deviation from the background expectation from atmospheric neutrinos and muons was found. The most significant result was found for a dark matter mass of 201.6 GeV annihilating into a pair of bb¯ quarks assuming the Navarro–Frenk–White halo profile with a post-trial significance of 1.08σ. We present upper limits on the thermally averaged annihilation cross section of the order of 10-24 cm3 s-1, as well as lower limits on the dark matter decay lifetime up to 1026 s for dark... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cm1h3zj Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abbasi, R Ackermann, M Adams, J Agarwalla, SK Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Alameddine, JM Ali, S Amin, NM Andeen, K Argüelles, C Ashida, Y Athanasiadou, S Axani, SN Babu, R Bai, X Baines-Holmes, J V., A Balagopal Barwick, SW Bash, S Basu, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, J Becker Behrens, P Beise, J Bellenghi, C Benkel, B BenZvi, S Berley, D Bernardini, E Besson, DZ Blaufuss, E Bloom, L Blot, S Bodo, I Bontempo, F Motzkin, JY Book Meneguolo, C Boscolo Böser, S Botner, O Böttcher, J Braun, J Brinson, B Brisson-Tsavoussis, Z Burley, RT Butterfield, D Campana, MA Carloni, K Carpio, J Chattopadhyay, S Chau, N Chen, Z Chirkin, D Choi, S Clark, BA Coleman, A Coleman, P Collin, GH Borja, DA Coloma Connolly, A Conrad, JM Cowen, DF De Clercq, C DeLaunay, JJ Delgado, D Delmeulle, T Deng, S Desiati, P de Vries, KD de Wasseige, G DeYoung, T Díaz-Vélez, JC DiKerby, S Ding, T Dittmer, M Domi, A Draper, L Dueser, L Durnford, D Dutta, K DuVernois, MA Ehrhardt, T Eidenschink, L Eimer, A Eller, P Ellinger, E Elsässer, D Engel, R Erpenbeck, H Esmail, W Eulig, S Evans, J Evenson, PA Fan, KL Fang, K Farrag, K Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feigl, N https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mh4f656 A search for a pair of low-mass pseudoscalars a that promptly decay into τ-leptons is presented using 140 fb −1 of proton–proton collision data at 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The result is used to place constraints on exotic decays of the Higgs boson into four τ-leptons, H→aa→τ+τ−τ+τ−. This search focuses on events with either one or two τ-leptons decaying into hadrons and neutrinos, and the remaining three or two τ-leptons decaying into either electron or muon and neutrinos. No significant excess is observed above the expected Standard Model background and upper limits at the 95% confidence level on B(H→aa→τ+τ−τ+τ−) are set ranging from 0.06 to 0.23, depending on the mass ma ranging from 15 to 60 GeV. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mh4f656 Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Collaboration, The ATLAS https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p3019t4 Skipper charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are ultralow-threshold detectors capable of detecting energy deposits in silicon at the electronvolt scale. Skipper CCDs are increasingly used in rare-event searches, including experiments such as SENSEI, DAMIC-M, Oscura, and CONNIE, where one of the major challenges is mitigating low-energy backgrounds. In this work, we present results on trap characterization in a silicon skipper-CCD produced in the same fabrication run as the SENSEI experiment at SNOLAB. Lattice defects contribute to backgrounds in rare-event searches through single-electron charge trapping. To investigate this, we use the charge-pumping technique at different temperatures to identify dipoles produced by traps in the CCD channel. We fully characterize a fraction of these traps and use this information to extrapolate their contribution to the single-electron background in SENSEI. We find that this subpopulation of traps does not contribute significantly, but more work is... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5p3019t4 Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Brusco, Agustin Sivilotti, Bruno Botti, Ana M Cervantes, Brenda Desai, Ansh Essig, Rouven Estrada, Juan Etzion, Erez Moroni, Guillermo Fernandez Holland, Stephen E https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-3457 Lawson, Ian Luoma, Steffon Perez, Santiago E Rodrigues, Dario Tiffenberg, Javier Uemura, Sho Wu, Yikai https://escholarship.org/uc/item/39r313rc We use supersymmetric chiral dynamics perturbed by anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking to obtain a high-quality, composite axion that solves the strong problem. The strong dynamics arises from a supersymmetric SU(10) chiral gauge theory with massless matter chiral superfields. This leads to a stable, nonsupersymmetric vacuum, calculated exactly, where a spontaneously broken global symmetry, identified with the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry, gives rise to a composite QCD axion. The chiral gauge theory also admits a discrete (or ) gauge symmetry that forbids PQ-violating operators up to dimension eight. An extension to an chiral gauge theory incorporates grand unification where the unification scale is identified with the PQ-breaking scale and PQ-violating operators are forbidden up to dimension 20. The supersymmetry breaking scale, near 100 TeV, ameliorates the Higgs hierarchy problem, while colored Nambu–Goldstone bosons may be detected at future colliders via decays... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/39r313rc Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Gherghetta, Tony Murayama, Hitoshi Noether, Bea Quílez, Pablo https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rt857bz Radio pulses generated by cosmic-ray air showers can be used to reconstruct key properties like the energy and depth of the electromagnetic component of cosmic-ray air showers. Radio detection threshold, influenced by natural and anthropogenic radio background, can be reduced through various techniques. In this work, we demonstrate that convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are an effective way to lower the threshold. We developed two CNNs: a classifier to distinguish radio signal waveforms from background noise and a denoiser to clean contaminated radio signals. Following the training and testing phases, we applied the networks to air-shower data triggered by scintillation detectors of the prototype station for the enhancement of IceTop, IceCube’s surface array at the South Pole. Over a four-month period, we identified 554 cosmic-ray events in coincidence with IceTop, approximately five times more compared to a reference method based on a cut on the signal-to-noise ratio. Comparisons... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rt857bz Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abbasi, R Ackermann, M Adams, J Agarwalla, SK Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Alameddine, JM Ali, S Amin, NM Andeen, K Argüelles, C Ashida, Y Athanasiadou, S Axani, SN Babu, R Bai, X Baines-Holmes, J V., A Balagopal Barwick, SW https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6714 Bash, S Basu, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, J Becker Behrens, P Beise, J Bellenghi, C Benkel, B BenZvi, S Berley, D Bernardini, E Besson, DZ Blaufuss, E Bloom, L Blot, S Bodo, I Bontempo, F Motzkin, JY Book Meneguolo, C Boscolo Böser, S Botner, O Böttcher, J Braun, J Brinson, B Brisson-Tsavoussis, Z Burley, RT Butterfield, D Campana, MA Carloni, K Carpio, J Chattopadhyay, S Chau, N Chen, Z Chirkin, D Choi, S Clark, BA Coleman, A Coleman, P Collin, GH Borja, DA Coloma Connolly, A Conrad, JM Corley, R Cowen, DF De Clercq, C DeLaunay, JJ Delgado, D Delmeulle, T Deng, S Desiati, P de Vries, KD de Wasseige, G DeYoung, T Díaz-Vélez, JC DiKerby, S Dittmer, M Domi, A Draper, L Dueser, L Durnford, D Dutta, K DuVernois, MA Ehrhardt, T Eidenschink, L Eimer, A Eller, P Ellinger, E Elsässer, D Engel, R Erpenbeck, H Esmail, W Eulig, S Evans, J Evenson, PA Fan, KL Fang, K Farrag, K Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feigl, N https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b3494xv The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) may yet herald the discovery of annihilating dark matter. Weighing against that conclusion are analyses showing evidence for dim point sources within the spatial structure of the emission. Because of technical limitations these analyses are purely spatial with all spectral information that could disentangle the excess from astrophysical backgrounds discarded. Here, we demonstrate that a neural network simulation-based inference approach can jointly analyze the spatial and spectra data. The addition is profound: energy information drives the putative point sources to be significantly dimmer, indicating either the GCE is truly diffuse in nature or made of an exceptionally large number of sources. Quantitatively, for our best fit background model, the excess is essentially consistent with Poisson emission as predicted by dark matter. If due to point sources, our median prediction is O(10^{5}) sources, or more than 35 000 at 90% confidence-both... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9b3494xv Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 List, Florian Park, Yujin Rodd, Nicholas L https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3472-7606 Schoen, Eve https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-2098 Wolf, Florian https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8n17s8zq Measurements of transverse momentum (pT) and pseudorapidity (η) dependent flow vector fluctuations in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.02$$ TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are presented. By studying long-range two-particle correlations with a template fit method, potential biases from non-flow effects such as jets and resonance decays are effectively suppressed. Significant pT- and η-dependent fluctuations of the second-harmonic flow vector are observed with more than 5σ confidence in p–Pb collisions, similar to the observations in Pb–Pb collisions. The influence of residual non-flow effects has been evaluated and cannot account for the observed fluctuations, thereby confirming the observation of flow vector fluctuations in small collision systems at the LHC. Comparisons to model calculations from 3DGlauber+MUSIC+UrQMD and the parton transport model from AMPT are also presented. The measurements provide constraints on the theoretical modelling of the three-dimensional... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8n17s8zq Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abdallah, DAH Abualrob, IJ Acharya, S Aglieri Rinella, G Aglietta, L Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahuja, I Akbar, Z Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Alessandro, B Alfaro Molina, R Ali, B Alici, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altsybeev, I Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Angeletti, M Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Azmi, MD Baba, H Babu, ARJ Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Baudino, L Bauri, D Bazo Alba, JL Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Behera, S Behling, MAC Belikov, I Bella, VD Bellini, F Bellwied, R Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Benchikhi, O Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhalla, T Bhasin, A Bhattacharjee, B Bianchi, L Bielčík, J Bielčíková, J Bilandzic, A Binoy, A Biro, G Biswas, S Blidaru, MB https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6b5328td Context. Understanding how galaxies trace the underlying matter density field is essential for characterizing the influence of the large-scale structure on galaxy formation, being therefore a key ingredient in observational cosmology. This connection, commonly described through the galaxy bias, b , can be studied effectively using machine-learning (ML) techniques, which offer strong predictive capabilities and can capture nonlinear relationships in high-dimensional data. Recent work has also highlighted the need for probabilistic methods to properly account for the intrinsic stochasticity of this connection. Aims. We aim to incorporate the linear bias parameter assigned to individual galaxies into a ML framework, quantify its dependence on various halo and environmental properties, and evaluate whether different algorithms can accurately predict this parameter and reproduce the scatter in several bias relations. Methods. We use data from the IllustrisTNG300 magnetohydrodynamical... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6b5328td Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Riveros-Jara, Catalina Montero-Dorta, Antonio D Rodrigues, Natália VN Amigo, Pía de Santi, Natalí SM Balaguera-Antolínez, Andrés Abramo, Raul Guzmán, Neill Artale, M Celeste https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63667427 A model-independent search for low-mass resonances decaying into pairs of oppositely charged muons is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider between 2015 and 2018. The search targets hypothetical dimuon resonances in the invariant mass range from 35 GeV to 75 GeV. The modelling of this mass region is particularly challenging for conventional analytic background parameterisations. To address this, a Gaussian process regression technique is used to model the background. The dimuon mass spectrum is analysed for potential signals, and no statistically significant excess is observed. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the fiducial production cross-section of new resonances decaying promptly into muons, ranging from 20 fb to 110 fb, depending on the resonance mass. These results are further interpreted in the context of dark-photon and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/63667427 Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Adam Bourdarios, C Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Ait Tamlihat, M Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Alley, CS Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Alvarez Fernandez, A Alves Cardoso, M Alviggi, MG Aly, M Amaral Coutinho, Y Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Amezza, T Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amor Dos Santos, SP Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T Aparo, MA Aperio Bella, L Apicella, M Appelt, C https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4r4159cj Semianalytic models are a widely used approach to simulate galaxy properties within a cosmological framework, relying on simplified yet physically motivated prescriptions. They have also proven to be an efficient alternative for generating accurate galaxy catalogs, offering a faster and less computationally expensive option compared to full hydrodynamical simulations. In this paper, we demonstrate that, using only galaxy 3D positions and radial velocities, we can train a graph neural network coupled to a moment neural network to obtain a robust machine-learning-based model capable of estimating the matter density parameters, Ωm, with a precision of approximately 10%. The network is trained on (25 h−1 Mpc)3 volumes of galaxy catalogs from L-Galaxies and can successfully extrapolate its predictions to other semianalytic models (GAEA, SC-SAM, and Shark) and, more remarkably, to hydrodynamical simulations (Astrid, SIMBA, IllustrisTNG, and SWIFT-EAGLE). Our results show that the network... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4r4159cj Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 de Santi, Natalí SM Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco Araya-Araya, Pablo De Lucia, Gabriella Fontanot, Fabio Perez, Lucia A Arnés-Curto, Manuel Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta Chandro-Gómez, Ángel Somerville, Rachel S Castro, Tiago https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p33x1mp The probability to observe a specific number of strange and multi-strange hadrons (nS), denoted as P(nS), is measured by ALICE at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in $$\sqrt{s}=5.02$$ TeV proton-proton (pp) collisions, dividing events into several multiplicity-density classes. Exploiting, for the first time, a technique based on counting the number of strange-particle candidates event-by-event, this measurement allows one to extend the study of strangeness production beyond the mean of the distribution. This constitutes a new test bench for production mechanisms, probing events with a large imbalance between strange and non-strange content. The analysis of a large-statistics data sample makes it possible to extract P(nS) up to a maximum nS of 7 for $${\text{K}}_{\text{S}}^{0}$$, 5 for Λ and $$\overline{\Lambda }$$, 4 for Ξ− and $${\overline{\Xi } }^{+}$$, and 2 for Ω− and $${\overline{\Omega } }^{+}$$. From this, the probability of producing strange hadron multiplets per event is calculated,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p33x1mp Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abualrob, IJ Acharya, S Aglieri Rinella, G Aglietta, L Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahuja, I Akbar, Z Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfaro Molina, R Ali, B Alici, A Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altsybeev, I Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Angeletti, M Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Azmi, MD Baba, H Babu, ARJ Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Bazo Alba, JL Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Behera, S Belikov, I Bella, VD Bellini, F Bellwied, R Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhalla, T Bhasin, A Bhattacharjee, B Bhattarai, S Bianchi, L Bielčík, J Bielčíková, J Bilandzic, A Binoy, A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m432655 Superconducting magnets enable energy-frontier accelerators by generating strong magnetic fields to steer and focus the particles. Although high-temperature superconductors such as REBa 2 Cu 3 O x (, RE = rare earth) hold a strong potential for generating a higher magnetic field than Nb-Ti and Nb 3 Sn , the associated magnet and conductor technology for accelerator applications is still in its infancy. The U.S. Magnet Development Program is developing magnet technology... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4m432655 Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Anonymous https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cr9t6sn Large-scale -mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a prime target for current and future experiments in search of primordial gravitational waves. With increasingly sensitive instruments being deployed, secondary -modes induced by the weak gravitational lensing of CMB photons are becoming an important limitation and need to be removed, a process known as delensing. In this work, we combine internally reconstructed CMB lensing maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) data release 6 (DR6) with galaxy samples from unWISE and a map of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) fluctuations from Planck to produce a well-correlated tracer of the CMB lensing field. Our coadded tracer, shown to be 55%–85% correlated with the true lensing convergence at multipoles , is then convolved with ACT DR6 -mode polarization to yield a template of the lensing -modes. We assess its performance on a wide range of scales by using it to delens ACT DR6 and Planck -modes... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3cr9t6sn Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hertig, Emilie Lizancos, Antón Baleato Qu, Frank J Bond, J Richard Calabrese, Erminia Challinor, Anthony Devlin, Mark J Dunkley, Jo Louis, Thibaut Madhavacheril, Mathew S Namikawa, Toshiya Page, Lyman A Sehgal, Neelima Sherwin, Blake Sifón, Cristóbal Staggs, Suzanne T Wollack, Edward J https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wc0r6kp We present the first constraints on multipole-dependent cosmic birefringence using CMB polarization data from the BK18 dataset, which combines observations from BICEP2, Array, and BICEP3 at frequencies of 95, 150, and 220 GHz. Photon coupling to an axionlike field leads to the rotation of CMB polarization, inducing nonzero cross-correlations. We show that a multipole-dependent rotation imprints a distinct signature in the polarization spectra that can be constrained. Specifically, we consider an early dark energy (EDE) scenario in which a pseudoscalar field couples to photons through a Chern-Simons interaction, generating a polarization rotation with multipole dependence. We introduce a phenomenological as a step function, obtaining constraints on the step function size consistent with zero, with uncertainties less than (68% CL). In addition, using multi-frequency , , and cross spectra, along with robust BICEP/ foreground treatment and likelihood framework, we... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2wc0r6kp Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Amiri, M Barkats, D Thakur, R Basu Bischoff, CA Beck, D Bock, JJ Boenish, H Buza, V Cantrall, B Cheshire, JR Connors, J Cornelison, J Crumrine, M Cukierman, AJ Denison, E Duband, L Echter, M Eiben, M Elwood, BD Fatigoni, S Filippini, JP Fortes, A Gao, M Giannakopoulos, C Goeckner-Wald, N Goldfinger, DC Gratton, S Grayson, JA Greathouse, A Grimes, PK Hall, G Halal, G Halpern, M Hand, E Harrison, SA Henderson, S Hoang, TD Hubmayr, J Hui, H Irwin, KD Kang, JH Karkare, KS Kefeli, S Kovac, JM Kuo, C Lasko, K Lau, K Lautzenhiser, M Lennox, A Liu, T Mackey, SC Maher, N Megerian, KG Minutolo, L Moncelsi, L Nakato, Y Nguyen, HT O’Brient, R Paine, SN Patel, A Petroff, MA Polish, AR Prouve, T Pryke, C Reintsema, CD Richter, S Romand, T Salatino, M Schillaci, A Schmitt, B Schwartz, R Sheehy, CD Singari, B Soliman, A St. Germaine, T Steiger, A Steinbach, B Sudiwala, R Teply, G Thompson, KL Tucker, C Turner, AD Vergès, C Vieregg, AG Wandui, A Weber, AC Willmert, J Wong, CL Wu, WLK Yang, H Yu, C Zheng, L Zhang, C Zhang, S https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k95s9bg Aims. This paper has two aims: the first aim is to build a large homogeneous spectrophotometric sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the second data release of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF DR2). We used the spectrum sample from the low-resolution ( R ∼ 100) SEDmachine (SEDm) Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) that gathered 3069 spectra. This is one of the largest samples of such collections that can attempt to reproduce the Twins Embedding (TE) spectrophotometric standardization method. This is our second objective. The method was developed based on high-quality spectra from 200 SNe Ia of the Nearby Supernova factory (SNfactory) and led to an exceptionally low value of 0.073 mag for the intrinsic scatter. Methods. As the SEDm is not designed as a spectrophotometric instrument, we first improved the flux-calibration accuracy of the SN Ia spectrum sample using the ZTF photometric data, which were calibrated at the percent level. We corrected the spectra for second-order... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k95s9bg Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ganot, C Copin, Y Rigault, M Dimitriadis, G Goobar, A Maguire, K Nordin, J Smith, M Aldering, G Barjou-Delayre, C Betoule, M Bloom, JS Burgaz, U Galbany, L Ginolin, M Graham, M Hale, D Johansson, J Kasliwal, MM Kim, Y-L Masci, FJ Müller-Bravo, TE Perlmutter, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4436-4661 Popovic, B Purdum, JN Rusholme, B Sollerman, J Terwel, JH Townsend, A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1400q724 A search for resonant structures in the mass spectrum is performed using proton-proton collision data at , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of , recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The decay channels of and are analyzed. An excess near 6.9 GeV is observed in both channels with a combined significance of . No significant signal is observed near 7.2 GeV, and an upper limit on its yield relative to is provided. A simultaneous fit with the di- channel is carried out under assumptions regarding the resonance interferences, yielding a ratio of the partial decay widths between the and di- channels of for the resonance near 6.9 GeV. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1400q724 Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bd0f90m Conventional Rutherford cables are typically made from solid round wire. While multi-stage cables have been made elsewhere, the purpose was usually to achieve a higher strand count and therefore a higher current carrying capability. In this work, we attempt to use two-stage roped strands made from ultrafine wires to fabricate Rutherford cables. The ultimate goal of this work is to obtain a very flexible cable that can wind accelerator magnet coils with a very tight bend radius in both the “easy way” (along the broad face of the cable) and the “hard way” (along the edge of the cable) in the wind-and-react manner, or wind coils with a radius typically used today but in the react and-wind manner with a much reduced degradation in critical current. We report our experience fabricating such Rutherford cables at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the initial findings from the analysis of the experimental cables made. We will discuss how the conventional wisdom and some rules... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8bd0f90m Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Pong, Ian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-4249 Lin, Andy Kikuchi, Akihiro Croteau, Jean-Francois Menon, Nandana https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t35g233 Neutrino interactions play a central role in transport and flavor evolution in the ejecta of binary neutron star mergers. Simulations suggest that neutron star mergers may produce magnetic fields as strong as 1017 G, but computational difficulties have hampered the inclusion of magnetic field effects in neutrino interaction rates. In this paper we give approximate interaction rates for neutrinos in the presence of strong magnetic fields, including the effects of Landau quantization and anomalous magnetic moments with errors of order T/M. We also comment on a neutrino production channel from individual neutrons that can produce low-energy νν¯ pairs of all three flavors even at low density. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t35g233 Sun, 9 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kumamoto, Mia Welch, Catherine https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mv4n6v0 In this note, we develop in closed form the dynamical $SO(3)$ spin map determined by the Thomas-BMT equation for a charged particle with general gyromagnetic ratio in a uniform longitudinal magnetic and electric field. This field configuration provides an idealized model of uniform particle acceleration with transverse (solenoidal) confinement. The spin map is expressed in a factorized Lie-algebraic (axis-angle) form, making it straightforward to determine the corresponding $SU(2)$ or quaternion representation. To facilitate numerical implementation, the Lie generators are expressed as functions of the six phase space variables commonly used for charged particle transport in $s$-based tracking codes. The dynamical evolution of these phase space variables is also described. This allows exact transport of both phase space and spin variables over long distances in such a field region, without the need for numerical integration. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7mv4n6v0 Fri, 7 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mitchell, Chad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-9852 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x73w5pk The Data Release 1 (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is the largest sample to date for small-scale Lyα forest cosmology, accessed through its one-dimensional power spectrum (P 1D). The Lyα forest P 1D is extracted from quasar spectra that are highly inhomogeneous (both in wavelength and between quasars) in noise properties due to intrinsic properties of the quasar, atmospheric and astrophysical contamination, and also sensitive to low-level details of the spectral extraction pipeline. We employ two estimators in DR1 analysis to measure P 1D: the optimal estimator and the fast Fourier transform (FFT) estimator. To ensure robustness of our DR1 measurements, we validate these two power spectrum and covariance matrix estimation methodologies against the challenging aspects of the data. First, using a set of 20 synthetic 1D realizations of DR1, we derive the masking bias corrections needed for the FFT estimator and the continuum fitting bias needed for both estimators.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9x73w5pk Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Karaçaylı, Naim Göksel Ravoux, Corentin Martini, Paul Le Goff, Jean-Marc Armengaud, Eric Abdul-Karim, M Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Dey, Biprateep Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Ishak, M Jimenez, J Joyce, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Meisner, A Miquel, R Nadathur, S Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tan, T Tarlé, G Walther, M Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98p9j514 The effective redshift distribution n(z) of galaxies is a critical component in the study of weak gravitational lensing. Here, we introduce a new method for determining n(z) for weak lensing surveys based on high-quality redshifts and neural-network-based importance weights. Additionally, we present the first unified photometric redshift calibration of the three leading stage-III weak lensing surveys, the Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey, and the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), with state-of-the-art spectroscopic data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We verify our method using a new, data-driven approach and obtain n(z) constraints with statistical uncertainties of the order of σz¯∼0.01 and smaller. Our analysis is largely independent of previous photometric redshift calibrations and, thus, provides an important cross-check in light of recent cosmological tensions. Overall, we find excellent agreement with previously published results... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/98p9j514 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lange, JU Blanco, D Leauthaud, A Wright, AH Fisher, A Ratajczak, J Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Bianchi, D Blake, C Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Dawson, KS de la Macorra, A DeRose, J Dey, Arjun Doel, P Emas, N Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Garcia-Quintero, C Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Heydenreich, S Hildebrandt, H Ishak, M Jimenez, J Joudaki, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Medina-Varela, L Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Newman, JA Palanque-Delabrouille, N Porredon, A Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Ruggeri, R Sanchez, E Saulder, C Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Sprayberry, D Sun, Z Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Yuan, S Zarrouk, P Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90j6b8rn This paper demonstrates how the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1 (DR1) and future baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) analyses can optimally combine overlapping tracers (galaxies of distinct types) in the same redshift range. We make a unified catalog of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) and Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs) in the redshift range 0.8 < z < 1.1 and investigate the impact on the BAO constraints. DESI DR1 contains ∼ 30% of the final DESI LRG sample and less than 25% of the final ELG sample, and the combination of LRGs and ELGs increases the number density and reduces the shot noise. We developed a pipeline to merge the overlapping tracers using galaxy bias as an approximately optimal weight and tested the pipeline on a suite of Abacus simulations, calibrated on the final version of the DESI Early Data Release. When applying our pipeline to the DESI DR1 catalog, we find an improvement in the BAO constraints of 11% for α iso and ∼ 7.0% for α AP... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90j6b8rn Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Valcin, D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0129-0620 Rashkovetskyi, M Seo, H Beutler, F McDonald, P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-8394 de Mattia, A Rosado-Marín, AJ Ross, AJ Padmanabhan, N Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Andrade, U Bianchi, D Brooks, D Chaussidon, E Chen, S Chen, X Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Dawson, KS de la Macorra, A Dey, Biprateep Ding, Z Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Honscheid, K Howlett, C Ishak, M Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Manera, M Meisner, A Mena-Fernández, J Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Paillas, E Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Ruggeri, R Samushia, L Sanchez, E Saulder, C Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Yu, J Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90j444fn ABSTRACT We present an efficient estimator for higher order galaxy clustering using small groups of nearby galaxies, or multiplets. Using the Luminous Red Galaxy sample from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2, we identify galaxy multiplets as discrete objects and measure their cross-correlations with the general galaxy field. Our results show that the multiplets exhibit stronger clustering bias as they trace more massive dark matter haloes than individual galaxies. When comparing the observed clustering statistics with the mock catalogues generated from the N-body simulation AbacusSummit, we find that the mocks underpredict multiplet clustering despite reproducing the galaxy two-point autocorrelation reasonably well. This discrepancy indicates that the standard Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model is insufficient to describe the properties of galaxy multiplets, revealing the greater constraining power of this higher order statistic on galaxy–halo... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/90j444fn Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wang, Hanyue Eisenstein, Daniel J Aguilar, Jessica Nicole Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd de la Macorra, Axel Dey, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Doel, Peter Ferraro, Simone Font-Ribera, Andreu Forero-Romero, Jaime E Gaztañaga, Enrique Gutierrez, Gaston Honscheid, Klaus Ishak, Mustapha Joyce, Richard Juneau, Stephanie Kirkby, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, Theodore Kremin, Anthony https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, Ofer Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Mueller, Eva-Maria Nadathur, Seshadri Niz, Gustavo Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Percival, Will J Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Ross, Ashley J Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David Schubnell, Michael Silber, Joseph Harry https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zhou, Rongpu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, Hu https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9075h84k The Milky Way Backup Program (MWBP), a survey currently underway with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) on the Nicholas U. Mayall 4 m Telescope, works at the margins of the DESI Main surveys to obtain spectra of millions of additional stars from the Gaia catalog. Efficiently utilizing times between ∼12° and 18° twilight and poor weather conditions, the MWBP extends the range of stellar sources studied to both brighter magnitudes and lower Galactic latitude and declination than the stars studied in DESI’s Main Milky Way Survey. While the MWBP prioritizes candidate giant stars selected from the Gaia catalog (using color and parallax criteria), it also includes an unbiased sample of bright stars (i.e., 11.2 ≲ G < 16 mag) as well as fainter sources (to G ≲ 19 mag). As of 2025 March 1, the survey had obtained spectra of ∼7 million stars, approximately 1.2 million of which are included in the DESI Data Release 1. The DESI spectra cover the wavelength range from 3600... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9075h84k Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dey, Arjun Koposov, Sergey E Najita, Joan R Cooper, Andrew P Gänsicke, BT Myers, Adam D Raichoor, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-7923 Eisenstein, Daniel J Schlafly, EF https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3569-7421 Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Prieto, C Allende Beraldo e Silva, Leandro Li, Ting S Valluri, M Juneau, Stéphanie Lambert, Mika Li, S Thomas, Guillaume F Wang, Wenting Riley, Alexander H Kizhuprakkat, N Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Della Costa, J Dey, Biprateep Doel, P Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Hahn, C Honscheid, K Ishak, M Jimenez, J Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Pérez-Ràfols, I Prada, F Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Wechsler, RH Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xh7h0mm We present 4110 strong gravitational lens candidates, 3887 of which are new discoveries, selected from a sample of 5,837,154 luminous red galaxies (LRGs) observed with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Candidates are identified via the presence of background ionized oxygen [O ii] nebular emission lines in the foreground LRG spectra, which may originate from the lensing of higher-redshift star-forming galaxies. Using the measured foreground redshift, background redshift, and integrated flux of the background [O ii] doublet, we integrate over impact parameters to compute the probability that each candidate is a lens. We expect 53% of candidates to be true lenses with Einstein radii ranging from 0 .″ 1–4″, which can be confirmed with high-resolution imaging. Confirmed strong lenses from this sample will form a valuable cosmological data set, as strong gravitational lensing is the only method to directly measure dark matter halo substructure at cosmological distances.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xh7h0mm Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Karp, Juliana SM Schlegel, David J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Huang, Xiaosheng Padmanabhan, Nikhil Bolton, Adam S Storfer, Christopher J Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Bianchi, D Brooks, D Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Della Costa, J Doel, P Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Ishak, M Jimenez, J Joyce, R Juneau, S Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Collaboration, and The DESI https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gx824qx Bayesian analysis results require a choice of prior distribution. In long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics, the usual parameterisation of the mixing matrix induces a prior that privileges certain neutrino mass and flavour state symmetries. Here we study the effect of privileging alternate symmetries on the results of the T2K experiment. We find that constraints on the level of CP violation (as given by the Jarlskog invariant) are robust under the choices of prior considered in the analysis. On the other hand, the degree of octant preference for the atmospheric angle depends on which symmetry has been privileged. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gx824qx Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abe, A Abe, S Akutsu, R Alarakia-Charles, H Hakim, YI Alj Monsalve, S Alonso Anthony, L Aoki, S Apte, KA Arai, T Arihara, T Arimoto, S Ashida, Y Atkin, ET Babu, N Baranov, V Barker, GJ Barr, G Barrow, D Bates, P Bathe-Peters, L Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M Baudis, N Berardi, V Berns, L Bhattacharjee, S Blanchet, A Blondel, A Boistier, PMM Bolognesi, S Bordoni, S Boyd, SB Bronner, C Bubak, A Avanzini, M Buizza Caballero, JA Cadoux, F Calabria, NF Cao, S Cap, S Carabadjac, D Cartwright, SL Casado, MP Catanesi, MG Chakrani, J Chalumeau, A Cherdack, D Chong, PS Chvirova, A Coleman, J Collazuol, G Cormier, F Craplet, AAL Cudd, A D’ago, D Dalmazzone, C Daret, T Dasgupta, P Davis, C Davydov, Yu I de Perio, P De Rosa, G Dealtry, T Densham, C Dergacheva, A Banerjee, R Dharmapal Lodovico, F Di Lopez, G Diaz Dolan, S Douqa, D Doyle, TA Drapier, O Duffy, KE Dumarchez, J Dunne, P Dygnarowicz, K Eguchi, A Elias, J Emery-Schrenk, S Erofeev, G Ershova, A Eurin, G Fedorova, D Fedotov, S Feltre, M Feng, L Ferlewicz, D Finch, AJ Fitton, MD Forza, C Friend, M Fujii, Y Fukuda, Y Furui, Y García-Marcos, J Germer, AC Giannessi, L Giganti, C Girgus, M Glagolev, V https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8c83v3dv Next-generation large-scale structure spectroscopic surveys will probe cosmology at high redshifts (2.3 < z < 3.5), relying on abundant galaxy tracers such as Lyα emitters (LAEs) and Lyman break galaxies (LBGs). Medium-band photometry has emerged as a potential technique for efficiently selecting these high-redshift galaxies. In this work, we present clustering analysis of medium-band selected galaxies at high redshift, utilizing photometric data from the Intermediate Band Imaging Survey (IBIS) and spectroscopic data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). We interpret the clustering of such samples using both Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) modeling and a perturbation theory description of large-scale structure. Our modeling indicates that the current target sample is composed from an overlapping mixture of LAEs and LBGs with emission lines. Despite differences in target selection, we find that the clustering properties are consistent with previous studies,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8c83v3dv Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ebina, H White, M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-5070 Raichoor, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-7923 Dey, Arjun Schlegel, D Lang, D Luo, Y Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 Bianchi, D Brooks, D Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Dawson, KS de la Macorra, A Dey, Biprateep Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Howlett, C Ishak, M Joyce, R Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Magneville, C Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Mueller, E Nadathur, S Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Yèche, C Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89d5p4wx Skipper Charge-Coupled Devices (skipper-CCDs) are pixelated silicon detectors with deep sub-electron resolution. Their radiation hardness and capability to reconstruct energy deposits with unprecedented precision make them a promising technology for space-based X-ray astronomy. In this scenario, optical and near-infrared photons may saturate the sensor, distorting the reconstructed signal. We present a light-tight shield for skipper-CCDs to suppress optical backgrounds while preserving X-ray detection efficiency. We deposited thin aluminum layers on the CCD surface using an e-beam evaporator and evaluated their blinding performance across wavelengths from 650 to 1000 nm using a monochromator, as well as the X-ray transmission using an 55Fe source. We find that 50 and 100 nm layers provide >99.6% light suppression, with no efficiency loss for 5.9 and 6.4 keV X-rays. In addition, we used Geant4 simulations to extend these results to a broader energy range and quantify the efficiency... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89d5p4wx Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Botti, Ana M Wu, Yikai Cervantes, Brenda Chavez, Claudio Estrada, Juan Holland, Stephen E https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-3457 Saffold, Nathan Tiffenberg, Javier Uemura, Sho https://escholarship.org/uc/item/888335bf The aim of this work is to construct mock galaxy catalogues that accurately reproduce the redshift evolution of galaxy number density, clustering statistics, and baryonic properties, such as stellar mass for luminous red galaxies (LRGs) and absolute magnitude in the r-band for the bright galaxy sample (BGS), based on the first three years of observations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). To achieve this, we applied the subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) technique to the Uchuu N-body simulation, which follows the evolution of 2.1 trillion particles within a volume of 8 h -3 Gpc3, assuming a Planck base-ΛCDM cosmology. Using SHAM, we populated Uchuu subhalos with LRGs and BGS-BRIGHT (r < 19.5) galaxies up to redshift z = 1.1, assigning stellar masses to LRGs and luminosities to BGS galaxies (up to M r ≤ 20). Furthermore, we analyzed the clustering dependence on stellar mass and luminosity for each tracer. Our results show that the Uchuu BGS-BRIGHT and LRG mocks... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/888335bf Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Fernández-García, E Prada, F Smith, A DeRose, J Ross, AJ Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Wang, MS Ding, Z Guandalin, C Lamman, C Vaisakh, R Kehoe, R Lasker, J Ishiyama, T Moore, SM Cole, S Siudek, M Amalbert, A Salcedo, A Hearin, A Joachimi, B Rocher, A Saito, S Krolewski, A Slepian, Z Li, Q Dawson, KS Jullo, E Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T de la Macorra, A Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Juneau, S Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Manera, M Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8847d0tx The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) in its first Data Release (DR1) already provides more than 100,000 galaxies with relative distance measurements. The primary purpose of this paper is to perform the calibration of the zero-point for the DESI Fundamental Plane and Tully–Fisher relations, which allows us to measure the Hubble constant, H0. This sample has a lower statistical uncertainty than any previously used to measure H0, and we investigate the systematic uncertainties in absolute calibration that could limit the accuracy of that measurement. We improve upon the DESI Early Data Release Fundamental Plane H0 measurement by (a) using a group catalog to increase the number of calibrator galaxies and (b) investigating alternative calibrators in the nearby Universe. Our baseline measurement calibrates to the SH0ES/Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae, and finds H0 = 73.7 ± 0.06 (stat.) ± 1.1 (syst.) km s−1 Mpc−1. Calibrating to surface brightness fluctuation distances yields... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8847d0tx Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Carr, A Howlett, C Amsellem, AJ Davis, Tamara M Said, K Parkinson, D Palmese, A Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bautista, J BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Blake, C Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Doel, P Douglass, K Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Kim, AG https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-8743 Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Manera, M Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Qin, F Ross, C Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Seo, H Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Turner, RJ Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sr8p4w2 High-energy hadronic collisions generate environments characterized by temperatures above 100 MeV (refs. 1,2), about 100,000 times hotter than the centre of the Sun. At present, it is therefore unclear how light (anti)nuclei with mass number A of a few units, such as the deuteron, 3He or 4He, each bound by only a few MeV, can emerge from these collisions3,4. Here, the ALICE Collaboration reports that deuteron–pion momentum correlations in proton–proton (pp) collisions provide model-independent evidence that about 90% of the observed (anti)deuterons are produced in nuclear reactions5 following the decay of short-lived resonances, such as the Δ(1232). These findings, obtained by the ALICE Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider, resolve a gap in our understanding of nucleosynthesis in ultrarelativistic hadronic collisions. Apart from offering insights on how (anti)nuclei are formed in hadronic collisions, the results can be used in the modelling of the production of light and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7sr8p4w2 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Acharya, S Agarwal, A Rinella, G Aglieri Aglietta, L Agnello, M Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahn, SU Ahuja, I Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfanda, HM Molina, R Alfaro Ali, B Alici, A Alizadehvandchali, N Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altamura, AR Altsybeev, I Alvarado, JR Anaam, MN Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arata, C Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Averyanov, D Azmi, MD Baba, H Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Basu, S Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Alba, JL Bazo Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Belikov, I Hechavarria, ADC Bell Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belokurova, S Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhalla, T Bhasin, A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gx3630p The sound horizon scale rs is a key source of information for measurements of H 0 from early-time data, and is therefore a common target of new physics proposed to solve the Hubble tension. We present a sub-2% measurement of the Hubble constant that is independent of this scale, using data from the first data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI DR1). Building on previous work, we remove dependency on the sound horizon size using a heuristic rescaling procedure at the power spectrum level. A key innovation is the inclusion of uncalibrated (agnostic to rs ) post-reconstruction BAO measurements from DESI DR1, as well as using the CMB acoustic scale θ * as a high-redshift anchor. Uncalibrated type-Ia supernovae are often included as an independent source of Ωm information; here we demonstrate the robustness of our results by additionally considering two supernova-independent alternative datasets. We find somewhat higher values of H 0 relative to our previous... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gx3630p Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zaborowski, EA Taylor, P Honscheid, K Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de Mattia, A Krolewski, A Rashkovetskyi, M Ross, AJ To, C Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T de la Macorra, A Della Costa, J Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Howlett, C Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Samushia, L Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79m6h30j We present spectroscopic data of strong lenses and their source galaxies using the Keck Near-Infrared Echellette Spectrometer (NIRES) and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), providing redshifts necessary for nearly all strong-lensing applications with these systems, especially the extraction of physical parameters from lensing modeling. These strong lenses were found in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys using residual neural networks and followed up by our Hubble Space Telescope program, with all systems displaying unambiguous lensed arcs. With NIRES, we target eight lensed sources at redshifts difficult to measure in the optical range and determine the source redshifts for six, between zs = 1.675 and 3.332. DESI observed one of the remaining source redshifts, as well as an additional source redshift within the six systems. The two systems with nondetections by NIRES were observed for a considerably shorter 600 s at high airmass. Combining NIRES infrared spectroscopy... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/79m6h30j Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Agarwal, Shrihan Huang, Xiaosheng Sheu, W https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-0227 Storfer, CJ Tamargo-Arizmendi, M Tabares-Tarquinio, S Schlegel, DJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Aldering, G Bolton, A Cikota, A Dey, Arjun Filipp, A Jullo, E Kwon, KJ Perlmutter, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4436-4661 Shu, Y Sukay, E Suzuki, N Aguilar, J Ahlen, S BenZvi, S Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Doel, P Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Ishak, M Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kisner, T Koposov, SE Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L de la Macorra, A Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Myers, AD Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76w9q3fx We present the constraint on the growth rate of structure from the combination of DESI DR1 BGS sample, Fundamental Plane, and Tully-Fisher peculiar velocity catalogues using the maximum likelihood fields method. The combined catalogue contains 415,523 galaxy redshifts and 76,616 peculiar velocity measurements. To handle the large amount of data in the DESI DR1 peculiar velocity catalogue, we significantly improve the computational efficiency by rewriting the algorithm with JAX. After removing outliers and Tully-Fisher galaxies that are affected by systematics, we find f σ 8 = 0.483-0.043 +0.080(stat) ± 0.018(sys), consistent within 1σ with the power spectrum and correlation function analysis using the same dataset. Combining all three measurements with appropriate correlations, the consensus measurement is f σ 8 (z eff = 0.07) = 0.450±0.055, consistent with Planck +ΛCDM cosmology (f σ 8 = 0.449 ± 0.008). Combining with the high redshift growth rate of structure measurements from... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/76w9q3fx Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lai, Y Howlett, C Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Amsellem, AJ Bautista, J BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Blake, C Brooks, D Carr, A Claybaugh, T Davis, TM de la Macorra, A Doel, P Douglass, K Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Herrera-Alcantar, HK Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Kim, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-8743 Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Leauthaud, A Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Qin, F Ross, C Rossi, G Said, K Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Turner, R Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7191k38p We have made improved measurements of three-flavor neutrino mixing with 19.7(16.3)×10^{20} protons on target in (anti-)neutrino-enhanced beam modes. A new sample of muon-neutrino events with tagged pions has been added at the far detector, as well as new proton and photon-tagged samples at the near detector. Significant improvements have been made to the flux and neutrino interaction modeling. T2K data continue to prefer the normal mass ordering and upper octant of sin^{2}θ_{23} with a near-maximal value of the charge-parity violating phase with best-fit values in the normal ordering of δ_{CP}=-2.18_{-0.47}^{+1.22}, sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.559_{-0.078}^{+0.018} and Δm_{32}^{2}=(+2.506_{-0.052}^{+0.039})×10^{-3}  eV^{2}. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7191k38p Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abe, K Abe, S Akutsu, R Alarakia-Charles, H Hakim, YI Alj Monsalve, S Alonso Anthony, L Aoki, S Apte, KA Arai, T Arihara, T Arimoto, S Ashida, Y Atkin, ET Babu, N Baranov, V Barker, GJ Barr, G Barrow, D Bates, P Bathe-Peters, L Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M Baudis, N Berardi, V Berns, L Bhattacharjee, S Blanchet, A Blondel, A Boistier, PMM Bolognesi, S Bordoni, S Boyd, SB Bronner, C Bubak, A Avanzini, M Buizza Caballero, JA Cadoux, F Calabria, NF Cao, S Cap, S Carabadjac, D Cartwright, SL Casado, MP Catanesi, MG Chakrani, J Chalumeau, A Cherdack, D Chvirova, A Coleman, J Collazuol, G Cormier, F Craplet, AAL Cudd, A D'Ago, D Dalmazzone, C Daret, T Dasgupta, P Davis, C Davydov, Yu I de Perio, P De Rosa, G Dealtry, T Densham, C Dergacheva, A Banerjee, R Dharmapal Di Lodovico, F Lopez, G Diaz Dolan, S Douqa, D Doyle, TA Drapier, O Duffy, KE Dumarchez, J Dunne, P Dygnarowicz, K Eguchi, A Elias, J Emery-Schrenk, S Erofeev, G Ershova, A Eurin, G Fedorova, D Fedotov, S Feltre, M Feng, L Ferlewicz, D Finch, AJ Fitton, MD Forza, C Friend, M Fujii, Y Fukuda, Y Furui, Y García-Marcos, J Germer, AC Giannessi, L Giganti, C Girgus, M Glagolev, V Gonin, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67f7s5bk We present the samples of galaxies and quasars used for DESI 2024 cosmological analyses, drawn from the DESI Data Release 1 (DR1). We describe the construction of large-scale structure (LSS) catalogs from these samples, which include matched sets of synthetic reference `randoms' and weights that account for variations in the observed density of the samples due to experimental design and varying instrument performance. We detail how we correct for variations in observational completeness, the input `target' densities due to imaging systematics, and the ability to confidently measure redshifts from DESI spectra. We then summarize how remaining uncertainties in the corrections can be translated to systematic uncertainties for particular analyses. We describe the weights added to maximize the signal-to-noise of DESI DR1 2-point clustering measurements. We detail measurement pipelines applied to the LSS catalogs that obtain 2-point clustering measurements in configuration and Fourier... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67f7s5bk Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Adame, AG Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Alam, S Alexander, DM Alvarez, M Alves, O Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 Andrade, U Armengaud, E Avila, S Aviles, A Awan, H Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Baltay, C Bault, A Behera, J BenZvi, S Beutler, F Bianchi, D Blake, C Blum, R Brieden, S Brodzeller, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-0954 Brooks, D Brown, Z Buckley-Geer, E Burtin, E Calderon, R Canning, R Rosell, A Carnero Cereskaite, R Cervantes-Cota, JL Chabanier, S Chaussidon, E Chaves-Montero, J Chen, S Chen, X Claybaugh, T Cole, S Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Davis, TM Dawson, K de la Macorra, A de Mattia, A Deiosso, N Demina, R Dey, A Dey, B Ding, Z Doel, P Edelstein, J Eftekharzadeh, S Eisenstein, DJ Elliott, A Fagrelius, P Fanning, K Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Ereza, J Findlay, N Flaugher, B Font-Ribera, A Forero-Sánchez, D Forero-Romero, JE Frenk, CS Garcia-Quintero, C Gaztañaga, E Gil-Marín, H Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gonzalez-Morales, AX Gonzalez-Perez, V Gordon, C Green, D Gruen, D Gsponer, R Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Hadzhiyska, B Hahn, C Hanif, MMS Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Hou, J Howlett, C Huterer, D Iršič, V Ishak, M Juneau, S Karaçaylı, NG Kehoe, R Kent, S Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kitaura, F-S Kong, H Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Krolewski, A Lai, Y Lan, T-W Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Lang, D https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6501b837 We present the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Strong Lens Foundry. We discovered ∼3500 new strong gravitational lens candidates in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys using residual neural networks (ResNet). We observed a subset (51) of our candidates using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Except for one ambiguous case, we have confirmed 50 of the 51 candidates to be strong lenses. We also briefly describe spectroscopic follow-up observations by DESI and Keck NIRES programs. From this very rich data set, a number of studies will be carried out, including evaluating the quality of the ResNet search candidates and lens modeling. In this paper, we present our initial effort in these directions. In particular, as a demonstration, we present the lens model for DESI-165.4754−06.0423, with imaging data from HST, and lens and source redshifts from DESI and Keck NIRES, respectively. In this effort, we have applied a fully forward-modeling Bayesian approach (GIGA-Lens), using... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6501b837 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Huang, Xiaosheng Baltasar, Saul Ratier-Werbin, N Storfer, C Sheu, W https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-0227 Agarwal, S Tamargo-Arizmendi, M Schlegel, DJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Aldering, G Banka, S BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Bolton, A Brooks, D Cikota, A Claybaugh, T de la Macorra, A Dey, A Doel, P Edelstein, J Filipp, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gu, A Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Jullo, E Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Kwon, KJ Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Lang, D Le Guillou, L Liu, J Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Myers, AD Perlmutter, S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4436-4661 Pérez-Ràfols, I Prada, F Rossi, G Rubin, D https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-4647 Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Shu, Y Silver, E Sprayberry, D Suzuki, N Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tp9s0q5 The standard cosmological analysis with the Lyα forest relies on a continuum fitting procedure that suppresses information on large scales and distorts the three-dimensional correlation function on all scales. In this work, we present the first cosmological forecasts without continuum fitting distortion in the Lyα forest, focusing on the recovery of large-scale information. Using idealized synthetic data, we compare the constraining power of the full shape of the Lyα forest auto-correlation and its cross-correlation with quasars using the baseline continuum fitting analysis versus the true continuum. We find that knowledge of the true continuum enables a ∼ 10% reduction in uncertainties on the Alcock-Paczyński (AP) parameter and the matter density, Ωm. We also explore the impact of large-scale information by extending the analysis up to separations of 240 h -1Mpc along and across the line of sight. The combination of these analysis choices can recover significant large-scale information,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tp9s0q5 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Turner, Wynne Cuceu, Andrei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Martini, Paul Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 Bianchi, D Brooks, D Casas, L Claybaugh, T de la Macorra, A Dey, B Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Miquel, R Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A Nadathur, S Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Ross, AJ Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Walther, M Weaver, BA Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4x2923j4 Measurements of galaxy distributions at large cosmic distances capture clustering from the past. In this study, we use a cosmological model to translate these observations into the present-day galaxy distribution. Specifically, we reconstruct the 3D linear matter power spectrum at redshift z = 0 using Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Year 1 (DR1) galaxy clustering data and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations, assuming the ΛCDM model, and compare it to the result assuming the w 0 wa CDM model. Building on previous state-of-the-art methods, we apply Effective Field Theory (EFT) modelling of the galaxy power spectrum to account for small-scale effects in the 2-point statistics of galaxy data. Implementation of the EFT approach improves the modelling of the galaxy power spectrum, providing a more robust consistency test of the assumed cosmological model. By casting both CMB and galaxy clustering observations, spanning distinct redshift regimes, into k-space,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4x2923j4 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Cereskaite, R Mueller, E Howlett, C Davis, Tamara M Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-6987 Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Honscheid, K Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Juneau, S Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5658-2601 Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Nadathur, S Newman, JA Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H collaboration, The DESI https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qd5v5q6 ABSTRACT We present galaxy luminosity functions (LFs) for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) DR2 Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS) in the g, r, z, and $w1$ bands over $0.002\lt z\lt 0.6$. Our analysis uses updated k-corrections and evolutionary corrections, including new polynomial kcorrection fits derived from BGS Year 1 data that supersede earlier GAMA-based prescriptions. Exploiting the statistical power of DESI, we measure LFs to very faint magnitudes, reaching $^{0.1}M_r-5\log h\sim -10$. Independent measurements from the North and South survey regions show excellent agreement around the LF knee, but the very small statistical uncertainties reveal that simple analytic forms fail to capture the full LF shape. The bright end departs from a pure exponential decline, while the faint end exhibits complex, non-powerlaw behaviour, including a pronounced upturn at $^{0.1}M_r-5\log h\gtrsim -15$, which is stronger for red galaxies than for blue. We show that our LFs are largely... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4qd5v5q6 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Moore, Samuel G Cole, Shaun Wilson, Michael Norberg, Peder Moustakas, John Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A Bianchi, D Brooks, D Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A de la Macorra, A Dey, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Ferraro, S Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztanaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kisner, T Koposov, SE Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M Le Guillou, L Levi, ME Lucey, JR Manera, M Meisner, A Miquel, R Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Ross, AJ Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Wechsler, RH Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4js3503r On 2025 August 18, the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA collaboration reported a subthreshold gravitational-wave candidate detection consistent with a subsolar-mass neutron star merger, denoted S250818k. An optical transient, AT2025ulz, was discovered within the localization region. AT2025ulz initially appeared to meet the expected behavior of kilonova emission, the telltale signature of a binary neutron star merger. The transient subsequently rebrightened after ∼5 days and was classified as a Type IIb supernova. In this work, we analyze the observations of its host galaxy obtained by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). From the DESI spectrum, we obtain a secure redshift of z = 0.084840 ± 0.000006. If S250818k has an astrophysical origin, this places the transient within 2σ of the gravitational-wave distance and results in an integral overlap between the gravitational-wave alert and the transient location of log10I≈3.9−4.2 . Our analysis of the host galaxy’s spectral energy distribution... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4js3503r Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hall, Xander J Palmese, Antonella O’Connor, Brendan Gruen, Daniel Busmann, Malte Gassert, Julius Hu, Lei Hernandez, Ignacio Magaña Aguilar, Jessica Nicole Amsellem, Ariel Ahlen, Steven Banovetz, John BenZvi, Segev Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Castander, Francisco Javier Claybaugh, Todd Cuceu, Andrei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Dey, Arjun Doel, Peter Fabà-Moreno, Jennifer Ferraro, Simone https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, Andreu Forero-Romero, Jaime E Gutierrez, Gaston Le Guillou, Laurent Joyce, Dick Kisner, Theodore Kremin, Anthony https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, Ofer Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Levi, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 de la Macorra, Axel Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Nadathur, Seshadri Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, Michael Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin Alan Zhou, Rongpu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, Hu Collaboration, The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32p4s5xx The intergalactic medium (IGM) around a quasar is shaped by its dense environment and by its excess ionizing radiation, which form a “quasar proximity zone” whose size and anisotropy depend on the quasar’s halo mass, luminosity, age, and radiation geometry. Using over 10,000 quasar pairs from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Year 1 data, with projected comoving separations r⊥ < 2h−1 Mpc, we investigate how the proximity zone of foreground quasars at z ∼ 2–3.5 affects Lyα absorption in their background quasars. The large DESI sample enables unprecedented precision in measuring this “transverse proximity” effect, allowing a detailed investigation of the signal’s dependence on the projected separation of quasar pairs and the luminosity of the foreground quasar. We find that enhanced gas clustering near quasars dominates over their ionizing effect, leading to stronger absorption on neighboring sightlines. Under the assumption that quasar ionizing luminosity is isotropic... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32p4s5xx Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hada, Ryuichiro Martini, Paul Weinberg, David H Zheng, Zheng Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Meisner, A Miquel, R Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32k0d68w The measurement of the anomalous electron magnetic moment g – 2 through quantum transitions of a single trapped electron is the most stringent test of quantum field theory. These experiments are now so precise that they must account for the effects of the cavity containing the electron. Classical calculations of this “cavity shift” must subtract the electron’s divergent self-field, and thus require knowledge of the exact Green’s function for the cavity’s electromagnetic field. We perform the first fully quantum calculation of the cavity shift in a closed cavity, which instead involves subtracting linearly divergent cavity mode sums and integrals. Using contour integration methods, we find perfect agreement with existing classical results for both spherical and cylindrical cavities, justifying their current use. Moreover, our mode-based results can be naturally generalized to account for systematic effects, necessary to push future measurements to the next order of magnitude in... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32k0d68w Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Day, Hannah Harnik, Roni Kahn, Yonatan Pavaskar, Shashin Zhou, Kevin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-3977 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3015393q A typical Bayesian inference on the values of some parameters of interest q from some data D involves running a Markov Chain (MC) to sample from the posterior p(q,n∣D)∝L(D∣q,n)p(q)p(n), where n are some nuisance parameters with a separable prior. In some cases, the nuisance parameters are high-dimensional, and their prior p(n) is itself defined only by a set of samples that have been drawn from some other MC. The MC for the posterior will typically require evaluation of p(n) at arbitrary values of n, i.e., one needs to provide a density estimator over the full n space from the provided samples. But the high dimensionality of n hinders both the density estimation and the efficiency of the MC for the posterior. We describe a solution to this problem: a linear compression of the n space into a much lower-dimensional space u, which projects away directions in n space that cannot appreciably alter L. The algorithm for doing so is a slight modification to principal components analysis,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3015393q Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Bernstein, GM d’Assignies, W Troxel, MA Alarcon, A Amon, A Giannini, G Yin, B Aguena, M Allam, SS Andrade-Oliveira, F Brooks, D Rosell, A Carnero Carretero, J da Costa, LN Pereira, MES De Vicente, J Everett, S Frieman, J García-Bellido, J Gruen, D Hinton, SR Hollowood, DL Honscheid, K James, DJ Lee, S Marshall, JL Mena-Fernández, J Miquel, R Malagón, AA Plazas Sanchez, E Cid, D Sanchez Sevilla-Noarbe, I Shin, T Smith, M Suchyta, E Swanson, MEC Weaverdyck, N https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9382-5199 Weller, J Wiseman, P https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xm9z5t7 The STAR experiment reports new, high-precision measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetries for π^{±} within jets, namely the Collins asymmetries, from transversely polarized p^{↑}p collisions at sqrt[s]=510  GeV. The energy-scaled distribution of jet transverse momentum, x_{T}=2p_{T,jet}/sqrt[s], shows a remarkable consistency for Collins asymmetries of π^{±} in jets between sqrt[s]=200  GeV and 510 GeV. This indicates that the Collins asymmetries are nearly energy independent, with, at most, a very weak scale dependence in p^{↑}p collisions. These results extend to high-momentum scales (Q^{2}≤3400  GeV^{2}) and enable unique tests of evolution and universality in the transverse-momentum-dependent formalism, thus providing important constraints for the Collins fragmentation functions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2xm9z5t7 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aboona, BE Adam, J Adamczyk, L Aggarwal, I Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alshammri, AK Aschenauer, EC Aslam, S Atchison, J Bairathi, V Bao, X Barik, P Barish, K https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-0726 Behera, S Bellwied, R Bhagat, P Bhasin, A Bhatta, S Bhosale, SR Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Brandenburg, JD Broodo, C Cai, XZ Caines, H Sánchez, M Calderón de la Barca Cebra, D Ceska, J Chakaberia, I Chaloupka, P Chang, YS Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chen, D Chen, JH Chen, Q Chen, W Chen, Z Cheng, J Cheng, Y Christie, W Chu, X Corey, S Crawford, HJ Csanád, M Dale-Gau, G Das, A Lemos, D De Souza Deppner, IM Deshpande, A Dhamija, A Dimri, A Dixit, P Dong, X https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3303-0735 Drachenberg, JL Duckworth, E Dunlop, JC El-Feky, YS Engelage, J Eppley, G Esumi, S Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fan, B Fatemi, R Fazio, S Feng, H Feng, Y Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flor, FA Fu, C Fu, T Gagliardi, CA Galatyuk, T Gao, T Gao, Y Garcia, G Geurts, F Gibson, A Giri, A Gopal, K Gou, X Grosnick, D Gu, A Gu, J Gupta, A Guryn, W Hamed, A Hamilton, RJ Han, J Han, X Harabasz, S Harasty, MD Harris, JW Harrison-Smith, H Havener, LB He, XH He, Y https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2x236352 The Lyman-α (Lyα) forest is a key tracer of large-scale structure at redshifts z > 2, traditionally studied using the spectra of luminous but relatively rare quasars. In this work, we explore the viability of using the fainter yet significantly more abundant Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) as alternative background sources for Lyα forest studies. We analyze 4,151 Lyα forest skewers extracted from LBG spectra obtained in the DESI pilot surveys conducted in the COSMOS and XMM-LSS fields. From this dataset, we present the first measurement of the Lyα forest auto-correlation function derived exclusively from LBG spectra, probing comoving separations up to 48 h -1 Mpc at an effective redshift of z eff = 2.70. The measured LBG Lyα forest auto-correlation is consistent with that derived from DESI DR2 quasar Lyα forest spectra at a comparable redshift, validating the use of LBGs as reliable background sources for Lyα forest analyses. In addition, we measure the cross-correlation between... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2x236352 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K Armengaud, Eric Yèche, Christophe Gordon, Calum Casas, Laura Font-Ribera, Andreu Magneville, Christophe Ravoux, Corentin Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Anand, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2923-1585 Brooks, D Chaussidon, E Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Dawson, KS de la Macorra, A Dey, Arjun Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gonzalez-Morales, AX Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Hahn, C Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A Nadathur, S Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rd9f0bn Reconstruction of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) signal has been a standard procedure in BAO analyses over the past decade and has helped to improve the BAO parameter precision by a factor of ∼2 on average. The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) BAO analysis for the first year (DR1) data uses the “standard” reconstruction framework, in which the displacement field is estimated from the observed density field by solving the linearized continuity equation in redshift space, and galaxy and random positions are shifted in order to partially remove non-linearities. There are several approaches to solving for the displacement field in real survey data, including the multigrid (MG), iterative Fast Fourier Transform (iFFT), and iterative Fast Fourier Transform particle (iFFTP) algorithms. In this work, we analyze these algorithms and compare them with various metrics including two-point statistics and the displacement itself using realistic DESI mocks. We focus on three... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rd9f0bn Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Chen, X Ding, Z Paillas, E Nadathur, S Seo, H Chen, S Padmanabhan, N White, M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-5070 de Mattia, A McDonald, P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-8394 Ross, AJ Variu, A Rosell, A Carnero Hadzhiyska, B Hanif, MMS Forero-Sánchez, D Ahlen, S Alves, O Andrade, U BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Chaussidon, E Claybaugh, T de la Macorra, A Dey, Biprateep Fanning, K Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Garcia-Quintero, C Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Honscheid, K Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Meisner, A Mena-Fernández, J Miquel, R Moustakas, J Muñoz-Gutiérrez, A Nikakhtar, F Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rashkovetskyi, M Rossi, G Ruggeri, R Sanchez, E Saulder, C Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Smith, A Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Valcin, D https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0129-0620 Vargas-Magaña, M Weaver, BA Yuan, S Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2j6510qm We present a measurement of the mean number of muons with energies larger than 500 GeV in near-vertical extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with primary energies between 2.5 and 100 PeV. The measurement is based on events detected in coincidence between the surface and in-ice detectors of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Air showers are recorded on the surface by IceTop, while a bundle of high-energy muons (TeV muons) from the shower can subsequently produce a tracklike event in the IceCube in-ice array. Results are obtained assuming the hadronic interaction models Sibyll 2.1, QGSJet-II.04, and EPOS-LHC. The measured number of TeV muons is found to be in agreement with predictions from air-shower simulations. The results have also been compared to a measurement of low-energy muons by IceTop, indicating an inconsistency between the predictions for low- and high-energy muons in simulations based on the EPOS-LHC model. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2j6510qm Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abbasi, R Ackermann, M Adams, J Agarwalla, SK Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Alameddine, JM Amin, NM Andeen, K Argüelles, C Ashida, Y Athanasiadou, S Axani, SN Babu, R Bai, X Baines-Holmes, J V., A Balagopal Barwick, SW https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6714 Bash, S Basu, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, J Becker Behrens, P Beise, J Bellenghi, C Benkel, B BenZvi, S Berley, D Bernardini, E Besson, DZ Blaufuss, E Bloom, L Blot, S Bodo, I Bontempo, F Motzkin, JY Book Meneguolo, C Boscolo Böser, S Botner, O Böttcher, J Braun, J Brinson, B Brisson-Tsavoussis, Z Burley, RT Butterfield, D Campana, MA Carloni, K Carpio, J Chattopadhyay, S Chau, N Chen, Z Chirkin, D Choi, S Clark, BA Coleman, A Coleman, P Collin, GH Connolly, A Conrad, JM Corley, R Cowen, DF De Clercq, C DeLaunay, JJ Delgado, D Delmeulle, T Deng, S Desiati, P de Vries, KD de Wasseige, G DeYoung, T Díaz-Vélez, JC DiKerby, S Dittmer, M Domi, A Draper, L Dueser, L Durnford, D Dutta, K DuVernois, MA Ehrhardt, T Eidenschink, L Eimer, A Eller, P Ellinger, E Elsässer, D Engel, R Erpenbeck, H Esmail, W Eulig, S Evans, J Evenson, PA Fan, KL Fang, K Farrag, K Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feigl, N Finley, C Fischer, L https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hp2p8vf The correlation between the mean transverse momentum, [p T], and the squared anisotropic flow, v n 2 , on an event-by-event basis has been suggested to be influenced by the initial conditions in heavy-ion collisions. We present measurements of the variances and covariance of [p T] and v n 2 , along with their dimensionless ratio, for Au+Au collisions at various beam energies: s N N = 14.6, 19.6, 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV. Our measurements reveal a distinct energy-dependent behavior in the variances and covariances. In addition, the dimensionless ratio displays a similar behavior across different beam energies. We compare our measurements with hydrodynamic models and similar measurements from Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These findings provide valuable insights into the beam energy dependence of the specific shear viscosity (η/s) and initial-state effects, allowing for differentiating between different initial-state models. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hp2p8vf Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aboona, BE Adam, J Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, I Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Aitbayev, A Alekseev, I Alpatov, E Alshammri, AK Aparin, A Aslam, S Atchison, J Averichev, GS Bairathi, V Bao, X Barik, P Barish, K https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-0726 Behera, S Bhagat, P Bhasin, A Bhatta, S Bordyuzhin, IG Brandenburg, JD Brandin, AV Broodo, C Cai, XZ Caines, H De La Barca Sánchez, M Calderón Cebra, D Ceska, J Chakaberia, I Chang, YS Chang, Z Chatterjee, A Chen, D Chen, JH Chen, L Chen, Q Chen, W Chen, Z Cheng, J Cheng, Y Christie, W Chu, X Corey, S Crawford, HJ Dale-Gau, G Das, A De Souza Lemos, D Dedovich, TG Deppner, IM Derevschikov, AA Deshpande, A Dhamija, A Dimri, A Dixit, P Dong, X https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9083-5906 Drachenberg, JL Duckworth, E Dunlop, JC El-Feky, YS Engelage, J Eppley, G Esumi, S Evdokimov, O Eyser, O Fan, B Fang, Y Fatemi, R Fazio, S Feng, H Feng, Y Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flor, FA Fu, B Fu, C Fu, T Gao, T Gao, Y Garcia, G Geurts, F Gibson, A Giri, A Gopal, K Gou, X Grosnick, D Gu, A Gu, J Gupta, A Hamed, A Hamilton, RJ Han, J Han, X Harasty, MD Harris, JW Harrison-Smith, H Havener, LB He, XH https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24p7w3mq Femtoscopy of nonidentical particle pairs has been instrumental for precision measurements of both two-particle sources and the final-state interactions in high-energy elementary and heavy-ion collisions. The majority of measurements assessing the source properties are based on identical particle pairs, providing direct access to the characteristics of the single-particle source. The work in this paper demonstrates, via femtoscopy measurements of charged pion-deuteron pairs in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV, the feasibility of accessing the characteristics of the single-particle femtoscopic source by using particle pairs with large mass differences such as pions and deuterons. The first experimental results of the measurement of deuteron source sizes in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions are presented. The results show good agreement with the trend derived from other charged hadrons such as pions, kaons, and protons as a function of transverse mass, indicating similar source properties. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24p7w3mq Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Acharya, S Agarwal, A Rinella, G Aglieri Aglietta, L Agnello, M Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahn, SU Ahuja, I Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfanda, HM Molina, R Alfaro Ali, B Alici, A Alizadehvandchali, N Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altamura, AR Altsybeev, I Alvarado, JR Anaam, MN Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arata, C Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Averyanov, D Azmi, MD Baba, H Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Basu, S Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Alba, JL Bazo Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Belikov, I Hechavarria, ADC Bell Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belokurova, S Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhasin, A Bhattacharjee, B https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2081b9j9 Axions and axion-like particles are compelling candidates for ultralight bosonic dark matter, forming coherent oscillating fields that can be probed by experiments known as haloscopes. A broad range of haloscope concepts has been developed, including resonant cavity haloscopes, lumped-element circuit detectors, and spin-based experiments, each sensitive to different axion couplings and mass ranges. Rather than attempting an exhaustive survey of all existing approaches, this comparative review provides a unified framework for the major haloscope classes, establishing a common language for the descriptions of signal generation, noise properties, analytical methodologies, and scanning strategies. Key properties of ultralight bosonic dark matter relevant for detection are summarized first, including coherence time, spectral linewidth, and stochasticity under the standard halo model. The discussion then compares cavity, Earth-scale, lumped-element, and spin haloscopes, focusing on... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2081b9j9 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aybas, Deniz Bekker, Hendrik Budker, Dmitry Ji, Wei Kim, On Kim, Younggeun Kimball, Derek F Jackson Liu, Jia Ma, Xiaolin Salemi, Chiara P https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7429-6612 Semertzidis, Yannis K Sushkov, Alexander O Wei, Kai Wickenbrock, Arne Zhang, Yuzhe https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wg83331 We present a measurement of the non-Gaussian four-point correlation function (4PCF) from the DESI DR1 luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample. For the gravitationally induced parity-even 4PCF, we detect a signal with a significance of using our fiducial setup. We assess the robustness of this detection through a series of validation tests, including auto and cross-correlation analyses, sky partitioning across multiple patch combinations, and variations in radial scale cuts. Due to the low completeness of the sample, we find that differences in fiber assignment implementation schemes can significantly impact estimation of the covariance and introduce biases in the data vector. After correcting for these effects, all tests yield consistent results. This is one of the first measurements of the connected 4PCF on the DESI LRG sample; the good agreement between the simulation and the data implies that the amplitude of the density fluctuation inferred from the connected 4PCF is consistent... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wg83331 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hou, J Cahn, RN Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Doel, P Ferraro, S Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Le Guillou, L Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, C Landriau, M de la Macorra, A Manera, M de Mattia, A Miquel, R Mueller, E Nadathur, S Niz, G Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Ross, AJ Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Slepian, Z Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rt5w8jq This paper presents the measurement of the isolated prompt photon inclusive production cross section in pp and p–Pb collisions by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. The measurement is performed in p–Pb collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of sNN=5.02TeV$$\sqrt{s_{\text {NN}}}={5.02}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ and 8.16 TeV, as well as in pp collisions at s=5.02TeV$$\sqrt{s}={5.02}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ and 8 TeV. The cross section is obtained at midrapidity (|y|<0.7)$$(|y|<0.7)$$ using a charged-track based isolation momentum pTiso, ch<1.5GeV/c$$p_\textrm{T}^{\text {iso,~ch}}<{1.5}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ in a cone with radius R=0.4$$R=0.4$$. The data for both collision systems are well reproduced by perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations at next-to-leading order (NLO) using recent parton distribution functions for free (PDF) and bound (nPDF) nucleons. Furthermore, the nuclear modification factor RpA$$R_{\text {pA}}$$ for both collision energies is consistent with... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rt5w8jq Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Acharya, S Agarwal, A Rinella, G Aglieri Aglietta, L Agnello, M Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahn, SU Ahuja, I Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfanda, HM Molina, R Alfaro Ali, B Alici, A Alizadehvandchali, N Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altamura, AR Altsybeev, I Alvarado, JR Anaam, MN Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arata, C Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Averyanov, D Azmi, MD Baba, H Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Basu, S Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Alba, JL Bazo Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Belikov, I Hechavarria, ADC Bell Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belokurova, S Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhasin, A Bhattacharjee, B https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k88d64c We derive constraints on the neutrino mass using a variety of recent cosmological datasets, including DESI BAO, the full-shape analysis of the DESI matter power spectrum and the one-dimensional power spectrum of the Lyman-α forest (P1D) from eBOSS quasars as well as the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The constraints are obtained in the frequentist formalism by constructing profile likelihoods and applying the Feldman-Cousins prescription to compute confidence intervals. This method avoids potential prior and volume effects that may arise in a comparable Bayesian analysis. Parabolic fits to the profiles allow one to distinguish changes in the upper limits from variations in the constraining power σ of the different data combinations. We find that all profiles in the ΛCDM model are cut off by the ∑mν ≥ 0 bound, meaning that the corresponding parabolas reach their minimum in the unphysical sector. The most stringent 95% C.L. upper limit is obtained by the combination of DESI... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1k88d64c Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Chebat, D Yèche, C Armengaud, E Schöneberg, N Walther, M de Mattia, A Rohlf, J Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Herrera-Alcantar, HK Howlett, C Huterer, D Ishak, M Jimenez, J Joyce, R Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Magneville, C Manera, M Miquel, R Moustakas, J Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zarrouk, P Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16g8h992 The intense photon fluxes from relativistic nuclei provide an opportunity to study photonuclear interactions in ultraperipheral collisions. In particular, it allows for the investigations of excited, light-flavour vector mesons. The measurement of coherently photoproduced π + π − π + π − final states in ultraperipheral Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV is presented for the first time. The cross section, dσ/dy, times the branching ratio ( ρ → π + π + π − π − ) is found to be 47.8 ± 2.3 (stat.) ± 7.7 (syst.) mb in the rapidity interval |y| < 0.5. The invariant mass distribution is not well described with a single Breit-Wigner resonance without an interference term. Including interference with a non-resonant contribution results in the mass and width values being too far from those reported in PDG, while the production of two interfering resonances, ρ(1450) and ρ(1700), also provides a good description of the data. The values of the masses (m) and widths (Γ) of the resonances... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16g8h992 Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Acharya, S Adamová, D Agarwal, A Rinella, G Aglieri Aglietta, L Agnello, M Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahn, SU Ahuja, I Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfanda, HM Molina, R Alfaro Ali, B Alici, A Alizadehvandchali, N Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altamura, AR Altsybeev, I Alvarado, JR Anaam, MN Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Aphecetche, L Appelsh, H Arata, C Arcelli, S Aresti, M Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Azmi, MD Baba, H Badal, A Bae, J Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Balbino, A Baldisseri, A Balis, B Banerjee, D Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaf, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Bartels, C Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Basu, S Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Alba, JL Bazo Bearden, IG Beattie, C Becht, P Behera, D Belikov, I Hechavarria, ADC Bell Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belokurova, S Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Besoiu, MG https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1524x8cw Using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Milky Way Survey, we examine the six-dimensional space of the anticenter region of the Milky Way stellar disk (150° < Galactic longitude < 220°) using 61,883 main-sequence turnoff stars. We focus on two well-known stellar overdensities in the anticenter: the Monoceros Ring (MRi) and Anticenter Stream (ACS). We find that the MRi overdensity has kinematic signatures consistent with a tidally induced spiral arm, a type of dynamic spiral arm created by an interaction with a satellite galaxy, most likely the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr). We use the kinematics of the MRi to calculate the two most recent passage times of Sgr, finding 0.25 ± 0.09 Gyr and 1.10 ± 0.23 Gyr from the present day. We validate that the ACS is kinematically decoupled from the MRi because they are moving in opposite radial and vertical directions. We find that the kinematics associated with the ACS extends beyond our defined overdensity.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1524x8cw Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lambert, Mika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-8899 Rockosi, Constance M Koposov, Sergey E Li, Ting S Valluri, Monica Beraldo e Silva, Leandro Li, Songting Amarante, João AS Byström, Amanda Medina, Gustavo E Sandford, Nathan R Najita, Joan Kizhuprakkat, Namitha Aguilar, Jessica N Ahlen, Steven Bianchi, Davide Brooks, David Claybaugh, Todd https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-6987 Dawson, Kyle de la Macorra, Axel Doel, Peter Forero-Romero, Jaime E Gaztañaga, Enrique Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A Gutierrez, Gaston Joyce, Richard Kremin, Anthony https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, Claire Landriau, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, Laurent Manera, Marc Meisner, Aaron Miquel, Ramon Moustakas, John Myers, Adam Nadathur, Seshadri Percival, Will Prada, Francisco Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi Rossi, Graziano Sanchez, Eusebio Schlegel, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, Michael Silber, Joseph H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, David Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, Benjamin A Zhou, Rongpu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, Hu https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13n1x48m We calibrate the Tully–Fisher relation (TFR) with data from the DESI Peculiar Velocity (PV) Survey taken during the Survey Validation (SV) period of the DESI galaxy redshift survey. Placing spectroscopic fibers on the centers and major axes of spatially extended spiral galaxies identified in the 2020 Siena Galaxy Atlas using the DESI Legacy Surveys, we measure the rotational velocities at 0.33R26 for 1155 (1128 + 27 dwarf) spiral galaxies observed during SV. Using 39 spiral galaxies observed in the Coma cluster, we find a slope for the TFR of −8.32 ± 0.15 AB mag in the r band, with a scatter about the TFR of 1.12 ± 0.03 AB mag. We calibrate the zero-point of the TFR using galaxies with independent distances measured using type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) via the cosmological distance ladder. From the SN Ia distances, we measure a zero-point of −19.21−0.31+0.30 AB mag in the r band. We produce a public catalog of the distances to these 1128 spiral galaxies observed during DESI SV as... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/13n1x48m Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Douglass, K BenZvi, S Uberoi, N Howlett, C Saulder, C Said, K Demina, R Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Aldering, G Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Davis, TM Dawson, KS de la Macorra, A Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Levi, ME https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-1018 Lucey, J Martini, P Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zs4h0qz We present a new measurement of the Hubble constant, H0, following the gravitational-wave event GW170817 and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) observations. A standard siren measurement with a nearby (luminosity distance ∼40 Mpc) event such as GW170817 is typically sensitive to the peculiar motion of the host galaxy owing to local dynamics. Previous measurements from this event have taken advantage of peculiar velocity measurements of nearby galaxies, including a handful of objects in the galaxy group that the host of the event, NGC 4993, has been associated with. Still, the group’s properties and NGC 4993’s membership were debated. We present DESI observations of thousands of galaxies in the vicinity of NGC 4993, resulting in 39 group galaxies and a fivefold increase in galaxies compared to previous observations, with many contributing to a peculiar velocity measurement. Examining the local dynamics, our observations support the presence of a galaxy group of which NGC... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zs4h0qz Tue, 4 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Amsellem, AJ Palmese, A Douglass, K Howlett, C Karp, JSM Hernandez, I Magaña Moustakas, J Wechsler, RH Aguilar, J Ahlen, S BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Carr, A Claybaugh, T https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-6987 Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 Davis, TM de la Macorra, A Dey, A Dey, B Doel, P Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K Ishak, M Joyce, R Kehoe, R Kisner, T Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lahav, O Lambert, A https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5658-2601 Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Manwadkar, V Meisner, A Miquel, R Myers, AD Nadathur, S Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Poppett, C Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Raichoor, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-7923 Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 COLLABORATION, THE DESI https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23c2k8dq The recent development of differentiable simulation codes for particle accelerators has enabled gradient-based workflows that promise finer control and more realistic modeling of accelerator facilities. However, when using reverse-mode automatic differentiation, the memory usage continuously increases during the simulation, and can potentially exceed the available hardware memory - especially when costly space charge computation is included. To study the memory requirements for differentiable simulations, we have implemented space charge in Cheetah, a PyTorch-based beam tracking code that supports reverse-mode differentiation. We find that the memory usage for reverse-mode differentiation grows linearly with the number of macroparticles and cells, and that it is proportional to the number of space charge kicks involved in the simulation. This general scaling can be used to evaluate whether a given differentiable simulation is feasible given hardware memory constraints. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/23c2k8dq Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dhamrait, Arjun Zoni, Edoardo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-4646 Huebl, Axel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1943-7141 Qiang, Ji Mitchell, Chad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-9852 Roussel, Ryan Kaiser, Jan Xu, Chenran Vay, Jean-Luc Lehe, Remi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3656-9659 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r4547s A Community Effort Toward a Particle Accelerator Lattice Standard (PALS), https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r4547s Wed, 29 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Mitchell, Chad Vay, Jean-Luc Zoni, E https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-4646 Huebl, Axel Qiang, Ji Sagan, David https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2534d469 We report the in-situ 3D reconstruction of through-going muons in the CUORE experiment, a cryogenic calorimeter array searching for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ$$0 u \beta \beta $$) decay, leveraging the segmentation of the detector. Due to the slow time response of the detector, time-of-flight estimation is not feasible. Therefore, the track reconstruction is performed using a multi-objective optimization algorithm that relies on geometrical information from the detector as a whole. We measure the integral flux of cosmic-ray muons underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, and find our value to be in good agreement with other experiments that have performed a similar measurement. To our knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of 3D particle tracking and reconstruction of through-going muons with per-event angular determination in a millikelvin cryogenic detector array. The analysis performed for this work will be critical for validating the muon-related... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2534d469 Wed, 29 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Adams, DQ Alduino, C Alfonso, K Armatol, A Avignone, FT Azzolini, O Bari, G Bellini, F Benato, G Beretta, M Biassoni, M Branca, A Brandani, ED Brofferio, C Bucci, C Camilleri, J Caminata, A Campani, A Cao, J Capelli, S Cappelli, L Cardani, L Carniti, P Casali, N Chiesa, D Chu, Y Clemenza, M Copello, S Cremonesi, O Creswick, RJ D’Addabbo, A Dafinei, I Dell’Oro, S Di Domizio, S Di Lorenzo, S Fang, DQ Faverzani, M Ferri, E Ferroni, F Fiorini, E Franceschi, MA Freedman, SJ Fu, SH Fujikawa, BK Ghislandi, S Giachero, A Girola, M Gironi, L Giuliani, A Gorla, P Gotti, C Guillaumon, PV Gutierrez, TD Han, K Hansen, EV Heeger, KM Helis, DL Huang, HZ Hurst, MT Keppel, G Kolomensky, Yu G Kowalski, R Liu, R Ma, L G., Y Marini, L Maruyama, RH Mayer, D Moore, MN Napolitano, T Nastasi, M Nones, C Norman, EB https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-5897 Nucciotti, A Nutini, I O’Donnell, T Olmi, M Pagan, S Pagliarone, CE Pagnanini, L Pallavicini, M Pattavina, L Pavan, M Pessina, G Pettinacci, V Pira, C Pirro, S Pottebaum, EG Pozzi, S Previtali, E Puiu, A Quitadamo, S Ressa, A Rosenfeld, C Schmidt, B Serino, R Shaikina, A Sharma, V Singh, V Sisti, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85n5q95j A combination of measurements sensitive to anomalous quartic electroweak gauge boson couplings is presented using proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at s = 13 TeV at the LHC. Contributing analyses include measurements of vector-boson scattering in numerous final states as well as a tri-boson measurement. The combined measurement is used to constrain anomalous electroweak boson quartic self-couplings that result from dimension-8 operators in the Éboli model using an effective field theory. Results are presented as 68% and 95% confidence level intervals parameterised by one or two Wilson coefficients, both with and without unitarity constraints applied. Theoretical bounds from unitarity and positivity are overlaid where relevant. Confidence intervals obtained from simultaneous profiled fits to all Wilson coefficients are also presented. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/85n5q95j Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmad, A Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Åkesson, TPA Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Alley, CS Almazan, ER Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Amelung, C Amerl, M Amezza, T Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T Aparo, MA Bella, L Aperio Apicella, M Appelt, C Apyan, A Arampatzi, M Val, SJ Arbiol https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x86k8x4 We present a cosmological analysis combining full-shape (FS) clustering measurements from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) DR1 with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements from DESI DR2. To achieve a robust combination that accounts for the correlation between the two data releases, we employ the ShapeFit compression method and estimate the joint covariance using EZmocks. This compressed approach inherently mitigates the prior volume effects that have previously dominated Bayesian constraints from DESI data with minimal external priors. Consequently, we obtain — for the first time within a Bayesian framework — reliable DESI-only constraints on extensions to ΛCDM using only a Big Bang Nucleosynthesis prior on the baryon density and a wide prior on the spectral index. In flat ΛCDM, we find Ω m = 0.3035 ± 0.0085, h = 0.6876 ± 0.0059, and σ 8 = 0.822 ± 0.034. For the w 0 wa CDM dynamical dark energy model, we measure w 0 = -0.49 ± 0.25 and wa = -1.52 ± 0.77,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5x86k8x4 Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Forero-Sánchez, D Gil-Marín, H Verde, L Ding, Z Ross, AJ Rosell, A Carnero Aguilar, J Ahlen, S Bailey, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4162-6619 Bianchi, D Blake, C Brodzeller, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-0954 Brooks, D Canning, R Castander, FJ Claybaugh, T Cole, S Cuceu, A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0595 de la Macorra, A Dey, Arjun Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Font-Ribera, A Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gutierrez, G Guy, J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6793 Hahn, C Herrera-Alcantar, HK Honscheid, K Huterer, D Ishak, M Joyce, R Juneau, S Kehoe, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kisner, T Kneib, J Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-5941 Lahav, O Lamman, C Landriau, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8528 Le Guillou, L Manera, M Meisner, A Miquel, R Moustakas, J Niz, G Palanque-Delabrouille, N Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlafly, EF https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3569-7421 Schlegel, D Seo, H Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zhao, C Zhou, R https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-4372 Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rv6f35n Abelian instantons and monopole scattering https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rv6f35n Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Csaki, Csaba Ovadia, Rotem Telem, Ofri Terning, John https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-0575 Yankielowicz, Shimon https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c2186bf A measurement oftt¯production is presented in the invariant-mass region near the pair production threshold,mtt¯∼345 GeV, in final states with two charged leptons and multiple jets. The measurement is based on140fb-1of proton-proton collision data collected ats=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data are compared to two models oftt¯production: a baseline model including only perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) predictions for the hard process at approximate next-to-next-to leading order accuracy in the strong coupling, and an extended model that, in addition, incorporates non-relativistic QCD simulations that also include the formation of colour-singlet quasi-bound-states near thett¯threshold. The agreement between the data and the models is quantified via a profile-likelihood fit to the reconstructedmtt¯distributions, in bins of two angular observables sensitive to spin-correlations in thett¯system. An excess of events is observed over the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c2186bf Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Collaboration, The ATLAS https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d6426k8 A search is presented for the electroweak production of a top-quark pair in association with a boson and at least one additional jet known as the process. This process has embedded within it a -scattering vertex, which is probed directly for the first time. The collision data were collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of at . The search uses same-charge pairs of electrons and muons together with jets, of which at least one is -tagged. The properties of the most forward jet relative to the rest of the event are used to discriminate the electroweak production process from its strong production counterpart. A measured (expected) 95% CL upper limit on the cross section is set at (230 fb), to be compared with the expected Standard Model (SM) cross section of 47.7 fb. Limits are set on the SM effective field theory (EFT) operators and , which modify the electroweak couplings of the top quark through... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3d6426k8 Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3269p9m8 We present a calculable toy model of an axion coupled to magnetic monopoles and electric charges, with manifest electric-magnetic duality. Our axion-photon coupling incurs periodic corrections due to monopoles (equivalently UV instantons), which are large for light monopoles. Axion periodicity is manifestly duality invariant since the axion itself transforms under duality. Our model is the original Seiberg-Witten theory, which naturally hosts an -axion and light monopoles. We calculate the axion-photon amplitude in different duality frames and prove its duality invariance. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3269p9m8 Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Csáki, Csaba Ovadia, Rotem Ruhdorfer, Maximilian Telem, Ofri Terning, John https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1367-0575 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22f784cm A search is presented for emerging jets using 140fb-1$$140~\textrm{fb}^{-1}$$ of proton–proton collision data at s=13TeV$$\sqrt{s} = 13~\textrm{TeV}$$, collected by the ATLAS experiment between 2015 and 2018. The search looks for the existence of a dark sector with symmetries similar to those in quantum chromodynamics. This dark sector is populated with dark quarks, which undergo showering similar to quarks in the Standard Model, leading to a high multiplicity of long-lived dark hadrons within a dark jet. These dark hadrons subsequently decay to Standard Model particles via a new heavy scalar mediating particle ϕ$$\phi $$. This results in jets which contain multiple displaced vertices, known as emerging jets. This analysis targets four-jet topologies, with two emerging jets and two Standard Model jets, resulting from the decay of pair-produced scalar mediators. No significant excess above the Standard Model background is observed. For dark pion proper decay lengths of 20mm$$20~\textrm{mm}$$,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/22f784cm Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Santos, SP Amor Dos Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02r956pv A combination of measurements of the properties of Higgs boson interactions with electroweak gauge bosons is presented, using of proton-proton collisions at recorded by the ATLAS detector. Results from vector boson fusion , inclusive , and channels are combined. No evidence of violation is observed, and constrains on the -violating operators in the Standard Model effective field theory framework (SMEFT) are set in the Warsaw basis. The results from the combination improve by over 40% on previous individual limits on and, for the first time, simultaneous constraints on three coefficients , , and are set. These limits are the most stringent constraints to date on the relevant Wilson coefficients in the SMEFT framework with minimum model dependence. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02r956pv Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmad, A Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Åkesson, TPA Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Alley, CS Almazan, ER Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Amelung, C Amerl, M Amezza, T Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T Aparo, MA Bella, L Aperio Apicella, M Appelt, C Apyan, A Arampatzi, M Val, SJ Arbiol https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bx5k605 The azimuthal-correlation distributions between electrons from the decays of heavy-flavor hadrons and associated charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02$$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} = 5.02$$ TeV are reported for the 0–10% and 30–50% centrality classes. This measurement provides access to the jet-like correlation observables in the heavy-flavor sector in Pb–Pb collisions. The analysis is performed for trigger electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays with transverse momentum 44$$p_\textrm{T}>4$$ GeV/c on the away side. The IAA$$I_\textrm{AA}$$ for electron triggers from heavy-flavor hadron decays is compared with that for light-flavor and strange-particle triggers to investigate the dependence on different fragmentation processes and parton-medium dynamics, and is found to be the same within uncertainties. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7bx5k605 Mon, 27 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abualrob, IJ Acharya, S Rinella, G Aglieri Aglietta, L Agnello, M Agrawal, N Ahammed, Z Ahmad, S Ahuja, I Akbar, Z Akindinov, A Akishina, V Al-Turany, M Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Alfanda, HM Molina, R Alfaro Ali, B Alici, A Alkin, A Alme, J Alocco, G Alt, T Altamura, AR Altsybeev, I Andrei, C Andreou, N Andronic, A Andronov, E Anguelov, V Antinori, F Antonioli, P Apadula, N Appelshäuser, H Arata, C Arcelli, S Arnaldi, R Arneiro, JGMCA Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Azmi, MD Baba, H Babu, ARJ Badalà, A Bae, J Bae, Y Baek, YW Bai, X Bailhache, R Bailung, Y Bala, R Baldisseri, A Balis, B Bangalia, S Banoo, Z Barbasova, V Barile, F Barioglio, L Barlou, M Barman, B Barnaföldi, GG Barnby, LS Barreau, E Barret, V Barreto, L Barth, K Bartsch, E Bastid, N Batigne, G Battistini, D Batyunya, B Bauri, D Alba, JL Bazo Bearden, IG Becht, P Behera, D Behera, S Belikov, I Bella, VD Bellini, F Bellwied, R Beltran, LGE Beltran, YAV Bencedi, G Bensaoula, A Beole, S Berdnikov, Y Berdnikova, A Bergmann, L Bernardinis, L Betev, L Bhaduri, PP Bhalla, T Bhasin, A Bhattacharjee, B Bhattarai, S Bianchi, L Bielčík, J https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rw6m08v A search for Standard Model Higgs bosons produced in association with a high-energy photon and decaying to b b ¯ is performed using 133 fb − 1 of s = 13 TeV pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The photon requirement reduces the multijet background, and the H → b b ¯ decay is the dominant decay mode. Event selection requirements target events produced by vector-boson fusion, the dominant production mode in this channel. Several improvements enhance the search sensitivity compared to previous measurements. These improvements include better background modelling and characterization, the use of a neural-network classifier, and an updated signal extraction strategy adopting a direct binned-likelihood fit to the classifier output. With these improvements, the Higgs boson signal strength is measured to be 0.2 ± 0.7 relative to the Standard Model prediction. This corresponds to an observed significance of 0.3 standard deviations, compared... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rw6m08v Mon, 27 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Ananiev, V Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoki, T https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bt2g8zj We present a numerical exploration of the relativistic-field-theory (RFT) formalism for three pions with all possible values of non-maximal isospin, Iπππ = 2, 1 and 0. Using the generic-isospin extension of the RFT formalism [1] and applying our open-source Python library to implement the framework, we predict a range of three-pion energies for illustrative values of the two-to-two scattering amplitudes for various finite-volume irreps also with non-zero total momentum P in the finite-volume frame. The results restrict attention to the case of a vanishing intrinsic three-body interaction so that the spectra can be understood as a baseline. In future lattice QCD calculations, deviations from these values will be translated into evidence for intrinsic three-body effects in the various scattering channels. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2bt2g8zj Mon, 27 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Alotaibi, A Hansen, MT Briceño, RA https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zn0x153 We explore the potential of cross-correlating galaxies and peculiar velocities on non-linear scales to enhance cosmological constraints. Leveraging the A BACUS S UMMIT simulation suite and the halo occupation distribution (HOD) formalism, we trained emulator models to describe the non-linear clustering of galaxies and velocities in redshift space. Our analysis demonstrates that combining galaxy and peculiar velocity clustering provides tighter constraints on both HOD and cosmological parameters, particularly on σ 8 and w 0 . We further applied our models to realistic mock catalogues, reproducing the expected density and peculiar velocity errors of type-Ia supernovae, Tully-Fisher and fundamental plane measurements for the combined ZTF and DESI measurements. While systematic biases arise in the HOD parameters, the cosmological constraints remain unbiased, yielding a 3.8% precision measurement on fσ 8 compared to 4.7% when using galaxy clustering alone. We demonstrate that while... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zn0x153 Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Dumerchat, T Bautista, J Ravoux, C Aguilar, J Ahlen, S BenZvi, S Bianchi, D Brooks, D Claybaugh, T https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-6987 de la Macorra, A Doel, P Ferraro, S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-7854 Forero-Romero, JE Gaztañaga, E Gontcho, S Gontcho A Gutierrez, G Hahn, C Howlett, C Ishak, M Joyce, R Kirkby, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-5463 Kremin, A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-7424 Lamman, C Landriau, M Le Guillou, L Manera, M Miquel, R Nadathur, S Percival, WJ Prada, F Pérez-Ràfols, I Rossi, G Sanchez, E Schlegel, D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5088 Schubnell, M Silber, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0320 Sprayberry, D Tarlé, G Weaver, BA Zou, H https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kh2n1k6 Recent advances in deformable mirrors based on monolithic piezoelectric substrates, such as lithium niobate, have the potential to improve the image quality of X-ray optical systems on synchrotron and free-electron laser beamlines and microscopes. However, the quantitative relationship between design parameters and the deformed shape has not been readily available in the literature. We present an analytical model, validated through finite element analysis, enabling calculation of tangential and sagittal curvatures based on mirror dimensions, crystallographic orientation, and applied voltage. We demonstrate that through the selection of material orientation, it is possible to achieve different deformed shapes (sphere, cylinder, or hyperbolic paraboloid). This methodology can be generalized to other piezoelectric materials and substrate-integrated actuator systems. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kh2n1k6 Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Marzari, Francesco Cutler, Grant https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-3952 Goldberg, Kenneth A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-5780 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jk5j89r An integrated detection system, consists of a thin diamond sensor incorporated into a compact signal loop, coupled in turn to an application-specific integrated circuit readout chip, has been tested for the first time, using ps-duration electron pulses from the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. For readout frame rates as high as 120 kHz, the detection system is shown to achieve a linear dynamic range of and a bandwidth of 4–5 GHz, with no ringing seen on the tail of the output pulse. These results represent the best-performing multi-GHz ionizing particle detection system achieved to date. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jk5j89r Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ferezghi, Mohammadreza Mohseni Grace, Carl Gulley, Mark Jacobson, Bryce Kim, Dongsung Martinez-McKinney, Forest McDaniel, James McHale, Sean Morris, Tyler Mudford, Samuel Padilla, Rene Prakash, Tarun Prebys, Eric Schumm, Bruce A Shin, Kyung-Wook Smedley, John Tiernan, Aidan Wilder, Max https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5wd2661s Isomers have long been known to be important for astrophysical nucleosynthesis processes, yet they are often neglected in network calculations due to computational limitations or lack of data. "Astromers" are astrophysically metastable nuclear states that can greatly impact nucleosynthesis pathways. In this work we show that astromers further impact the time-dependent electromagnetic signal during heavy element nucleosynthesis. In an experiment performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, three β-decaying states of Cu70 (6− ground state, and two isomeric states: 3− and 1+) were produced. β-feeding values were extracted from experimental spectra and compared to shell-model and QRPA+PVC calculations. Average γ-ray energies from the β-decay events were incorporated into simulations of heavy element nucleosynthesis and were found to exhibit different energy release profiles over time, which may impact, in aggregate, time-dependent observable signals. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5wd2661s Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ronning, EK Richard, AL Liddick, SN Spyrou, A Yandow, I Ringle, R Misch, GW Mumpower, MR Brown, BA Chester, A Childers, K Cupp, S DeYoung, P Owens-Fryar, G Gross, A Hamaker, A Harris, C Lewis, R Lubna, RS Lyons, S Mogannam, MJ Palmisano-Kyle, A Puentes, D Sprouse, TM Sumithrarachchi, CS Wiedeking, M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-3882 Xiao, Y https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zh9r7fc The angular distributions of Drell–Yan lepton pairs provide sensitive probes of the underlying dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) effects in vector-boson production. This paper presents for the first time the measurement of the full set of angular coefficients together with the differential cross-section as a function of the transverse momentum of the W boson, in the full phase space of the decay leptons. The measurements are performed separately for the W-$$W^-$$ and W+$$W^+$$ channels. The analysis uses proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2017 and 2018, during special low-luminosity runs with a reduced number of interactions per bunch crossings (pile-up). The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 338 pb-1$$^{-1}$$ at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13$$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV. The low pile-up environment provides excellent experimental conditions for high-precision measurements of W-boson production.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zh9r7fc Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Santos, SP Amor Dos Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q04r37m Neutrinos offer a unique window into the world, and here we propose a new water-based scintillator with intentionally slow scintillation enabling clear Cherenkov–scintillation discrimination for improved neutrino detection. Neutrinos offer a unique window into the world around us, allowing us to probe otherwise unreachable regions like the interior of stars and the depths of the earth, as well as potentially offering a mechanism for monitoring nuclear activity. Both pure-water and organic liquid scintillators have been used as the detection medium of large-scale neutrino detectors. Organic liquid scintillators offer higher sensitivity at lower energies, which is desirable for many applications, but detection of the Cherenkov radiation required for directional sensitivity is very difficult. A possible solution is to use water-based liquid scintillators (WbLSs), where some fraction of the water is replaced with a micellar solution of the liquid scintillator. This can enhance the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q04r37m Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wolszczak, Weronika W https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7819-6945 Bourret, Edith Orebi Gann, Gabriel D Moretti, Federico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-3279 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nq9p54c In gamma spectrometers with variable spectroscopic performance across many channels (e.g., many pixels or voxels), a tradeoff exists between including data from successively worse-performing readout channels and increasing efficiency. Brute-force calculation of the optimal set of included channels is exponentially infeasible as the number of channels grows, and approximate methods are required. In this work, we present a data-driven framework for attempting to find near-optimal sets of included detector channels. The framework leverages non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to learn the behavior of gamma spectra across the detector and clusters similarly-performing detector channels together. Performance comparisons are then made between spectra with channel clusters removed, which is more feasible than brute force. The framework is general and can be applied to arbitrary, user-defined performance metrics depending on the application. We apply this framework to optimizing gamma... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nq9p54c Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Vavrek, Jayson R https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-9380 Parrilla, Hannah S Aversano, Gabriel Bandstra, Mark S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-7895 Folsom, Micah Hellfeld, Daniel https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jx4n13j A search for the Higgs boson decay to a Z boson and a photon in the ℓℓγ ( ℓ = e , μ ) final state is performed using pp collisions at s = 13.6 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during 2022–2024, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 165 fb − 1 . The signal yield, normalised to the Standard Model prediction, is measured to be μ = 0 . 9 − 0.6 + 0.7 , compatible with the expected value of μ = 1.0 ± 0.7 . This corresponds to an observed (expected) signal significance of 1.4 (1.5) standard deviations under the background-only hypothesis. This result is combined with that of a similar search performed with 140 fb − 1 of s = 13 TeV pp collisions to provide the best expected sensitivity to date to this rare decay, namely an observed (expected) signal strength of μ = 1 . 3 − 0.5 + 0.6 ( μ = 1 . 0 − 0.5 + 0.6 ), corresponding to an observed (expected) significance of 2.5 (1.9) standard deviations. The measurement is consistent with the Standard Model... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7jx4n13j Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7891q392 A search for Higgs boson pair production in the b b ¯ γ γ final state is performed. The proton–proton collision dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 308 fb − 1 , consisting of two samples, 140 fb − 1 at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV and 168 fb − 1 at s = 13.6 TeV , recorded between 2015 and 2024 by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. In addition to a larger dataset, this analysis improves upon the previous search in the same final state through several methodological and technical developments. The Higgs boson pair production cross section divided by the Standard Model prediction is found to be μ H H = 0 . 9 − 1.1 + 1.4 ( μ H H = 1 − 1.0 + 1.3 expected), which translates into a 95% confidence-level upper limit of μHH  < 3.7. At the same confidence level the Higgs self-coupling modifier is constrained to be in the range − 1.6 < κ λ < 6.6 ( − 1.8 < κ λ < 6.9 expected). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7891q392 Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Akbiyik, M Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77w3p3jg The discovery of joint sources of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves has been a primary target for the LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and IceCube observatories. The joint detection of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves would provide insight into cosmic processes, from the dynamics of compact object mergers and stellar collapses to the mechanisms driving relativistic outflows. The joint detection of multiple cosmic messengers can also elevate the significance of the common observation even when some or all of the constituent messengers are subthreshold, i.e., not significant enough to declare their detection individually. Using data from the LIGO, Virgo, and IceCube observatories, including subthreshold events, we searched for common sources of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Our search did not identify significant joint sources. We derive constraints on the rate densities... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77w3p3jg Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abbasi, R Ackermann, M Adams, J Agarwalla, SK Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Alameddine, JM Ali, S Amin, NM Andeen, K Argüelles, C Ashida, Y Athanasiadou, S Axani, SN Babu, R Bai, X Baines-Holmes, J V., A Balagopal Barwick, SW https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-6714 Bash, S Basu, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, J Becker Behrens, P Beise, J Bellenghi, C Benkel, S BenZvi, S Berley, D Bernardini, E Besson, DZ Blaufuss, E Bloom, L Blot, S Bodo, I Bontempo, F Motzkin, JY Book Meneguolo, C Boscolo Böser, S Botner, O Böttcher, J Braun, J Brinson, B Brisson-Tsavoussis, Z Burley, RT Butterfield, D Campana, MA Carloni, K Carpio, J Chattopadhyay, S Chau, N Chen, Z Chirkin, D Choi, S Clark, BA Coleman, A Coleman, P Collin, GH Borja, DA Coloma Connolly, A Conrad, JM Countryman, ST Cowen, DF De Clercq, C DeLaunay, JJ Delgado, D Delmeulle, T Deng, S Desiati, P de Vries, KD de Wasseige, G DeYoung, T Díaz-Vélez, JC DiKerby, S Ding, T Dittmer, M Domi, A Draper, L Dueser, L Durnford, D Dutta, K DuVernois, MA Ehrhardt, T Eidenschink, L Eimer, A Eldridge, C Eller, P Ellinger, E Elsässer, D Engel, R Erpenbeck, H Esmail, W Eulig, S Evans, J Evenson, PA Fan, KL Fang, K Farrag, K Fazely, AR https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5j35c3d7 We present a simple analytic approximation for the covariance between pre-reconstruction galaxy power spectrum measurements and post-reconstruction two-point correlation functions. This cross-covariance is essential for joint analyses that combine full-shape clustering information with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements, as commonly performed in modern spectroscopic surveys. Our model builds on the disconnected contribution to the covariance and accounts for the damping of correlations due to the BAO reconstruction process. We validate our analytic prescription against numerical simulations from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), testing both idealized cubic geometries and realistic survey configurations including complex footprints and fiber assignment effects. Despite neglecting survey window functions in the analytic calculation, we find excellent agreement with simulation-based covariances and demonstrate that cosmological parameter constraints are... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5j35c3d7 Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Maus, Mark Lizancos, Antón Baleato White, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9912-5070 de Mattia, Arnaud Chen, Shi-Fan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zj463wj The PANDAWN sensor network in Chicago, IL, is a state-of-the-art testbed for networked, multi-modal sensing. It integrates AI/data science methods into its operation, from data acquisition to automated data labeling and curation workflows. The curation and dissemination of diverse multi-modal datasets will enable the development of new radiological/nuclear (R/N) detection, localization, and tracking algorithms and methods relevant across the nonproliferation mission space. This article first introduces the PANDAWN sensor network and the features that make it stand out from previous multi-modal data acquisition efforts. We then review the various data streams acquired on the PANDAWN nodes and present the implementation of an automated data curation pipeline that includes the labeling of radiation and contextual data streams. We finally provide a short overview of different studies that leveraged the curated datasets. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zj463wj Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Abgrall, Nicolas https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0777-8661 Bandstra, Mark S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-7895 Cooper, Reynold J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5669-2961 Salathe, Marco https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2484-4606 Quiter, Brian J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7001-7455 Sankaran, Rajesh Kim, Yongho Shahkarami, Sean https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pw610dj The superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) detectors have been the standard in cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments for almost two decades and are now being adapted for use in nuclear physics, such as neutrinoless double beta decay searches. In this article, we focus on a new high-bandwidth frequency multiplexed TES readout system developed for CUPID, a neutrinoless double beta decay experiment that will replace CUORE. In order to achieve the high energy resolution requirements for CUPID, the readout noise of the system must be kept to a minimum. Low TES operating resistance and long wiring between the readout SQUID and the warm electronics are needed for CUPID, prompting a careful consideration of the design parameters of this application of frequency multiplexing. In this work, we characterize the readout noise of the newly designed frequency multiplexed TES readout system for CUPID and construct a noise model to understand it. We find that current sharing between... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pw610dj Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Adamič, Michel Camilleri, Joseph Capelli, Chiara Dobbs, Matt Elleflot, Tucker Kolomensky, Yury G Mayer, Daniel Montgomery, Joshua Novosad, Valentine Singh, Vivek Smecher, Graeme Suzuki, Aritoki Welliver, Bradford https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1m0886ws The production of single top quarks and top antiquarks via the t-channel exchange of a virtual W boson is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The full Run 2 data sample recorded with the ATLAS detector in the years 2015–2018 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. The absolute and normalised production cross-sections are measured differentially as a function of the transverse momentum and absolute rapidity of the top quark and top antiquark. In addition, the ratio of top quark to top antiquark production cross-sections is measured. The measured distributions are compared with next-to-leading-order quantum chromodynamics predictions obtained with different combinations of matrix-element generators, parton-shower programs and proton parton distribution functions, as well as to next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations. Overall, good agreement is observed between the measurements and the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1m0886ws Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Adam Bourdarios, C Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Ait Tamlihat, M Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Alexa, C Aleksandrov, IN Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Alvarez Fernandez, A Alves Cardoso, M Alviggi, MG Aly, M Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Amor Dos Santos, SP Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F Aoki, M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d54z52n The inclusive top quark pair (tt¯$$t\bar{t}$$) cross-section σtt¯$$\sigma _{t\bar{t}}$$ has been measured in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV$$\sqrt{s}=13\,\text {TeV}$$, using 140fb-1$$140\,{\text {fb}^{-1}} $$ of data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Using events with an opposite-charge eμ$$e\mu $$ pair and b-tagged jets, the cross-section is measured to be: σtt¯=829.3±1.3(stat)±8.0(syst)±7.3(lumi)±1.9(beam)pb,$$\begin{aligned} \sigma _{t\bar{t}} & = 829.3\pm 1.3\,\mathrm {(stat)}\ \pm 8.0\,\mathrm {(syst)}\ \pm 7.3\,\mathrm {(lumi)}\ \\ & \quad \pm 1.9\,\mathrm {(beam)}\,\textrm{pb}, \end{aligned}$$where the uncertainties reflect the limited size of the data sample, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, the integrated luminosity, and the proton beam energy, giving a total uncertainty of 1.3%. The result is used to determine the top quark pole mass via the dependence of the predicted cross-section on mtpole$${m_{t}^\textrm{pole}}$$,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1d54z52n Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Aad, G Aakvaag, E Abbott, B Abdelhameed, S Abeling, K Abicht, NJ Abidi, SH Aboelela, M Aboulhorma, A Abramowicz, H Abulaiti, Y Acharya, BS Ackermann, A Bourdarios, C Adam Adamczyk, L Addepalli, SV Addison, MJ Adelman, J Adiguzel, A Adye, T Affolder, AA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9058-7217 Afik, Y Agaras, MN Aggarwal, A Agheorghiesei, C Ahmadov, F Ahuja, S Ahuja, S Ai, X Aielli, G Aikot, A Tamlihat, M Ait Aitbenchikh, B Åkesson, TPA Akimov, AV Akiyama, D Akolkar, NN Aktas, S Alberghi, GL Albert, J Alberti, U Albicocco, P Albouy, GL Alderweireldt, S Alegria, ZL Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alexa, C Alexopoulos, T Alfonsi, F Algren, M Alhroob, M Ali, B Ali, HMJ Ali, S Alibocus, SW Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alkakhi, W Allaire, C Allbrooke, BMM Allen, DR Allen, JS Allen, JF Allport, PP Aloisio, A Alonso, F Alpigiani, C Alsolami, ZMK Fernandez, A Alvarez Cardoso, M Alves Alviggi, MG Aly, M Coutinho, Y Amaral Ambler, A Amelung, C Amerl, M Ames, CG Amezza, T Amidei, D Amini, B Amirie, K Amirkhanov, A Dos Santos, SP Amor Amos, KR Amperiadou, D An, S Anastopoulos, C Andeen, T Anders, JK Anderson, AC Andreazza, A Angelidakis, S Angerami, A Anisenkov, AV Annovi, A Antel, C Antipov, E Antonelli, M Anulli, F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08f2n9qz A unipolar arc is a form of an arc discharge that ignites and burns between the surface of a conducting, but floating, plasma-facing component and the plasma. Phenomenological similarities between unipolar arcs and vacuum arcs suggest that the spots are cathode spots, which, in the case of unipolar arcs, require a ring-like area around the spot that acts as an anode. All models of unipolar arcs seek to explain how a sufficiently high electron return current can be achieved. Building on elements of various existing models, it is shown that the combination of high density of expanding spot plasma and high electron temperature in the spot vicinity enables high return current. Taking the traveling double layer of an expanding plasma into account, it follows that the electron return current may be even larger than the net arc current in the case of the vacuum arc, while the ion current to the surface plays only a minor role. The similarity between vacuum arcs and unipolar arcs suggests... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08f2n9qz Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Anders, André https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5313-6505 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w7079wx Exploring the QCD phase diagram through relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a primary goal of modern nuclear physics. This contribution focuses on fluctuations and correlations of conserved charges — specifically net-baryon and net-charge cumulants — as sensitive probes of the phase structure and the QCD critical point. We discuss recent theoretical and experimental advancements, highlighting constraints from lattice QCD and new results from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan program. Key challenges in theory-to-experiment comparisons at high baryon density are discussed, alongside the systematic requirements for meaningful physical interpretation. Finally, we identify open issues and outline the discovery potential of future low-energy experiments, such as CBM, in resolving the high-density regime of the phase diagram. Abstract Published by the Jagiellonian University 2026 authors https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5w7079wx Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Koch, V https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-2791 Vovchenko, V https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2189-4766 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5n225747 In this paper, we investigate the effect of spectral pulse shaping of the laser driver on the performance of channel-guided, laser-plasma accelerators. The study was carried out with the assistance of Bayesian optimization using particle-in-cell simulations. We used a realistic plasma profile based on a novel optical-field-ionized channel technique with ionization injection and low, on-axis plasma densities to maximize the energy gain of the electron bunch trailing the laser. Spectral shaping allows us to modify the temporal profile of the laser driver while keeping the laser energy constant, affecting the acceleration and injection processes. In addition we consider how modifying the plasma channel parameters may affect the target outputs. Given the complexity and breadth of the parameter space in question, we used numerical optimization to identify high performers. In particular, we found laser profiles with additional spectral content that, when used with optimal plasma channel... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5n225747 Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Schroeder, Carl https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-0166 Carlo, Benedetti van Tilborg, Jeroen Lehe, Remi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3656-9659 Wilks, Scott Reagan, Brendon Tsai, Hai-En https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8667-5468 Djordjević, Blagoje McNaughton, Adam Williams, Jackson