http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/spatial_ucsb_ncgia/rss Recent eScholarship items from National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis Wed, 1 Jul 2026 00:13:33 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hz1q987 This introduction provides a historical overview of the GIS Core Curriculum for Technical Programs. It describes the working group and initial work session where a framework for the curriculum was developed, and it includes a task list outlining the topics originally intended for the curriculum. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hz1q987 Mon, 19 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66f6b4n6 An outline of the GIS Core Curriculum for Technical Programs, organized by topic, is presented with hyperlinks to each unit's material on eScholarship. Note that hyperlinks are only active if the PDF file is downloaded. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66f6b4n6 Mon, 19 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q94d63j This unit presents an overview of common GIS data formats, computer systems, spatial data handling software programs and scripting languages. Two step-by-step examples are given: (1) converting a text file of point locations to an Arc/Info point coverage; and (2) rounding floating-point data to integer values. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q94d63j Thu, 15 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 9, CCTP Dodson, Rustin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vz195vp This unit introduces digitizing—the transformation of information from an analog format to a digital format—as it relates to GIS. It describes essential points to consider when planning a digitizing project including scale, coordinate system, accuracy and software constraints. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9vz195vp Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 12, CCTP McGowan, Eileen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t62p46r This unit is designed to assist the technical GIS educator in identifying the computer skills required for GIS tasks. Basic computer literacy skills are presented as a foundation for technical GIS computing skills. The latter are organized into several categories (e.g. 'Systems', 'Programming', 'Databases'), with lists of skills at different levels of achievement (Awareness, Competency, Mastery).  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9t62p46r Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 03, CCTP Miller, Ross https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9h74b5z6 This unit outlines the procedures involved in digitizing, the potential errors that may occur and the ways of correcting them, as well as a working knowledge of digitizing terminology. It describes pre-digitizing tasks such as map preparation and registration, digitizing in each of the two modes and error detection and elimination. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9h74b5z6 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 13, CCTP, 1998 Dupigny-Giroux, Lesley-Ann https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gb0f1w1 This unit introduces some of the uses of digital terrain data, the types of elevation data available and how to obtain them. Through examples and discussion it presents examples of data sources and formats, software for viewing and processing elevation data, and a comprehensive list of data and software resources. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9gb0f1w1 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 6, CCTP Bitters, Barry https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94c2q8sw This unit’s overview of Global Positioning System (GPS) data includes sections on GPS equipment and definitions, accuracy considerations, project preplanning, collecting and correcting data and exporting data. Procedures for a sample implementation, using GPS to collect utility data, are described using Pathfinder Office software to create a new project and data dictionary, transferring the data dictionary to a datalogger, using Quick Plan software to preplan data collection, using the ProXL Datalogger to collect data, downloading the data to a PC, differentially correct the data using base station data, and exporting the results to ArcView. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/94c2q8sw Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 24, CCTP Schaeffer, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr9r7m2 This unit discusses registration and conflation, two related procedures in which two or more geographic datasets are combined, compared or merged. It presents procedures for re-projecting or rubber-sheeting a spatially referenced dataset to another, and it discusses issues including data model conversions, scale aggregations and other GIS manipulation and analysis functions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr9r7m2 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 11, CCTP Sutton, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r20n3sn This unit describes basic concepts related to the scanning of air photos, including vocabulary, potential applications, spatial scale and file size considerations and image processing software. Image types (e.g., 1-bit black and white, 8-bit grayscale, 8-bit color) are described and a table of typical aerial photo scales as they translate to pixel resolutions and file sizes is included. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7r20n3sn Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 18, CCTP Seaver, Craig https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7801z022 This unit presents an overview of projection issues that are likely to be encountered by a GIS user. It discusses common map projections and associated parameters, how to determine appropriate projections for certain GIS applications and issues specific to raster data including the choice of grid cell size and resampling methods. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7801z022 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 10, CCTP Dodson, Rustin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7668f22h This unit introduces digital GIS data libraries, including their uses, types, design considerations and validation. An application example from the area of water resources management is presented along with examples of generalized technical specifications for vector data. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7668f22h Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 32, CCTP Minter, Tim https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75f4d2cr This unit focuses on methods for acquiring GIS data over the Internet, including understanding Internet data transfer methods and developing skills in manipulating a variety of data formats. Procedures for connecting to remote computers, locating desired data sets, retrieving data in various formats and preparing data sets for transfer to other users are described. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/75f4d2cr Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 1, CCTP Willett, Karen B. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72q137sg This unit describes common operations a user must perform when editing polygons, including adding, deleting, and manipulating arcs and nodes, building topology, removing sliver polygons and using dissolve operators. Adjacent—i.e., sharing a common edge—and non-adjacent polygons are discussed. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/72q137sg Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 28, CCTP Del Pozzo, Pau Serra https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rn571t4 This unit describes the process of address matching, which allows the GIS user to convert postal addresses and/or zip codes to geographic coordinates. Example applications from the medical field, government, marketing and distribution are given, along with practical examples with step-by-step instructions. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rn571t4 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 46, CCTP Jampoler, Susan https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rc1d7ss In this unit students will learn how to assess the needs requirements and evaluate options in order to implement and maintain a GIS laboratory and how to plan and manage GIS project work. A generalized list of questions to ask when beginning any project and list of tasks are presented to illustrate a common approach to project management. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6rc1d7ss Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 52, CCTP Luther, Pat A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pv7w4qd This unit describes Coordinate Geometry (COGO), a method of inputting surveying or engineering data into GIS, CAD or mapping software. It includes materials for a lab exercise using Arc/Info COGO in which students coordinate a subdivision plan, making use of traversing, sideshots and curve layout operations. Also included are lecture notes outlining uses of COGO and basic operations, data conversion and attributes in Esri’s Arc software. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pv7w4qd Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 25, CCTP Miller, Ross https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fw4k3vm This unit introduces the mechanics of scanning and the concept of resolution. It discusses scanning hardware, how to select the appropriate resolution for a scanning project and image file formats. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fw4k3vm Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 16, CCTP McGowan, Eileen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fq2q9pq This unit is concerned with the task of locating demographic data, including data describing the socioeconomic characteristics of the population. Information about the age, ethnicity, gender, income, housing condition and other socioeconomic variables is considered. The scope of this unit is to provide guidelines and suggestions to identify demographic datasets and evaluate whether the data set can be used within a GIS effectively. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fq2q9pq Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 2, CCTP Matthews, Kevin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67m0447k This unit identifies the fundamentals of surface derivatives that those familiar with GIS should know. It describes some methods by which they are calculated and measured, introduces ways in which they are used in GIS analysis and identifies some challenges to using them. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/67m0447k Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 43, CCTP Shortridge, Ashton https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t16s9sk This unit presents an overview of of the geographical concepts that underpin GIS operations. It includes sections on describing space and spatial relations, spatial distribution, spatial interaction, time and space transition, spatial organization and landscape concepts. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t16s9sk Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 02, CCTP Slobodian, Robert https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sv5s5fx This unit discusses the difference between computer-aided drafting (CAD) and GIS, and how data generated in CAD software can be used in GIS software. It describes the process of registering CAD data, how CAD entities relate to GIS features, CAD file types and how CAD data is organized thematically. Several example applications are outlined that illustrate these concepts. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sv5s5fx Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 23, CCTP Schaeffer, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pk9d7z5 This unit provides the instructor with a simple overview of GIS. After learning the material covered in this unit, the student should be able to provide a general definition for GIS; list some of the application areas of GIS; provide examples of how GIS is used; and describe topics that will be learned in an introductory study of technical GIS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5pk9d7z5 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 01, CCTP Goodchild, Michael F. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fj0v32d This unit introduces some potential applications of transportation data and the appropriate data types and typical sources for each class of application. A practical exercise teaches students about acquisition and processing of data, and issues of data quality, costs and benefits are discussed. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5fj0v32d Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 3, CCTP Noronha, Val https://escholarship.org/uc/item/57v2p2ph This unit discusses strategies, considerations, media and software for presenting a GIS project. Data types, file formats and methods for capturing graphics from GIS software are described and a generalized process for creating presentations is outlined. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/57v2p2ph Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 51, CCTP Van Zuyle, Paul https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p56m3j1 This unit describes the fundamental concepts of statistics in a light-hearted manner that attempts to express the key ideas of this critical intellectual building block without being overly technical or boring. The concepts of mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation are introduced through example applications that range from comparing samples from two geographical sites to household food distribution. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4p56m3j1 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 39, CCTP Funk, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kx0k9x0 This unit describes types, example uses and implementation of different overlay operations. Using commands in ESRI’s Arc/Info, it summarizes necessary pre-overlay and overlay tasks in an example application in which locations for Gypsy Moth traps must be determined. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4kx0k9x0 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 34, CCTP Pitts, Teresa A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3xq4067j This unit discusses the three major methods of communicating about and distributing GIS products: advertising, presenting demonstrations and providing training and support. It explains the basic advertising principals of AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire and Action) and lists common questions to address when planning a marketing campaign, product demonstration, trade show exhibition or training and support. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3xq4067j Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 53, CCTP Harlow, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3k3031fs This unit describes the concept and some applications of Map Algebra, in which GIS data layers are used as variables in mathematical expressions. Examples using raster and vector data are presented with many illustrations. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3k3031fs Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 42, CCTP Allen, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fh46676 This unit describes various approaches to database validation—the process of determining of database values are reasonably accurate, complete and logically consistent. Through example applications involving plant and animal species distribution databases it details methods for evaluating logical cartographic consistency, logical attribute consistency, statistical tests and logical query of the data, ground truthing and sensitivity analysis. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3fh46676 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 30, CCTP Cogan, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3636p2fc This unit presents a general overview of metadata, its potential uses and relevant vocabulary. Techniques for finding, using and interpreting complicated metadata are discussed and approaches for efficiently creating and cataloging simple metadata presented. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3636p2fc Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 7, CCTP Larsgaard, Mary L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q51k4cm This unit discusses land records, one of the largest and most complex of the existing geographic datasets. Tasks addressed include locating and acquiring land records and the appropriate metadata from a variety of sources, combining data of different formats, scales and projections into a single map, and prepare a summary report to accompany the map. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2q51k4cm Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 4, CCTP Russell, Ken https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jb32691 This unit gives an overview of the buffer operation, including its potential uses, basic vocabulary, parameters, and implementation. An example application from natural and archaeological resource management in a national park is presented, along with illustrations of different types of buffers and list of useful related operations in ARC/INFO. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2jb32691 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 33, CCTP Gray, Violet https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f9545dp Unit 41: Using Boolean Search Techniques https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2f9545dp Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 41, CCTP Allen, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24t4n4n9 This unit describes the map scanning process with attention to map preparation, scale and accuracy, image types, file considerations, spatial resolution as it relates to map scale, hardware, and post-processing considerations. Image enhancement techniques such as contrast and brightness adjustment and gamma correction are noted. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24t4n4n9 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 17, CCTP Haddock, Gregory https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kq7j94r This unit discusses the planning and execution of labeling operations with the primary intent of creating a quality finished product. Through an example application—converting hard-copy US Geological Survey topographic quadrangles into Digital Line Graph (DLG) data sets—the labeling process is described, including project planning, execution, quality control and techniques to maximize efficiency and minimize errors. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kq7j94r Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 15, CCTP Bitters, Barry https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14m138cz This unit describes the general process of on-screen digitizing and its potential uses. Through several task-based examples it illustrates how to update and create new map layers with on-screen digitizing and how to register a scanned image. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/14m138cz Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 14, CCTP Haddock, Gregory https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12q7v9xv This unit discusses applications, design concerns and strategies for effective visual, digital displays of geographic information. Topics presented include map types, selection and generalization, data classification, use of color and other visual variables, legend design and use of text. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/12q7v9xv Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 47, CCTP Edsall, Robert M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1244583b This unit presents (1) a case study and (2) a bibliographic resource for GIS in the medical field. The case study illustrates the use of a GIS to monitor and analyze spatial patterns of physicians' multiple locations. This case highlights data location, acquisition and assessment, join and relational operators, geocoding and distance calculations, and standard query language. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1244583b Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 04, CCTP Albert, Don https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0606d680 This unit discusses applications, design elements, media and the creation process of printed geographic products including maps, tables and charts. Conventional map elements such as title, scale bar, legend, etc. are described and illustrated with examples, and different map types and their typical application are discussed. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0606d680 Wed, 14 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 48, CCTP Curtin, Kevin M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ff0v5vz An outline of the Core Curriculum in GIS units, organized by topic, is presented with hyperlinks to each unit's material on eScholarship. Note that hyperlinks are only active if the PDF file is downloaded. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ff0v5vz Fri, 9 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16g2v9qg This short narrative introduces the Core Curriculum in GIS and provides a historical overview of the Core Curriculum Project, including the later Core Curriculum in GIScience and Core Curriculum for Technical Programs. Appended to this description is an original pamphlet advertising the Core Curriculum in GIS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16g2v9qg Fri, 9 Oct 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g1217wg This outline gives an overview of the units that comprise the Core Curriculum in GIScience, along with hyperlinks to each. Note that hyperlinks are active only from the downloaded PDF document.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3g1217wg Tue, 29 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 000, NCGIA https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0p17z6fg This introduction provides context to the Core Curriculum in GIScience, including its design philosophy, organization of core concepts, editorial procedure, a development timetable, list of original developers and editorial notes. Note that hyperlinks are active only from the downloaded PDF document. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0p17z6fg Tue, 29 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 000, NCGIA Kemp, Karen K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t44b366 The Core Curriculum for Technical Programs (CCTP) concentrates on providing course content assistance for instructors. It is intended to support a full range of courses that would be taught at a 2-year college. This guide is designed to provide a quick overview for the GIS instructor on the use of the CCTP resources to create GIS course modules and design GIS courses. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2t44b366 Wed, 23 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 00, CCTP Crown, Chris https://escholarship.org/uc/item/895439c2 Download this index to link directly to NCGIA resources related to education and teaching GIS in K-12 education and in post-secondary education.  These links combine resources from the NCGIA Technical Reports with those from conferences and specialist meetings that focused on education over the period 1988 to 1999. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/895439c2 Tue, 22 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h04t5nj Download this index for direct linked access to reports and position papers associated with NCGIA hosted and sponsored specialist research meetings and conferences between 1988 and 2008. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6h04t5nj Mon, 21 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vg03732 The research initiatives by NCGIA are described briefly in this brochure. They include I-1 Accuracy of Spatial Databases; I-2 Languages of Spatial Relations; I -3 Multiple Representations; I-4 Use and Value of Geographic Information; I-5 Architecture of Very Large Spatial Databases; I-6 Spatial Decision Support Systems; I -7 Visualization of the Quality of Spatial Information; I -8 Formalizing Cartographic Knowledge; I-9 Institutions Sharing Geographic Information; I-10 Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in GIS; I-12 Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS; I-13 User Interfaces for GIS; I -14 GIS and Spatial Analysis; I-15 Multiple Roles for GIS in U.S. Global Change Research; I-16 Law, Public Policy, and Spatial Databases; I-17 Collaborative Spatial Decision Making; and I-19 The Social Implications of How People, Space, and Environment are Represented in GIS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2vg03732 Mon, 21 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/84m1k9r4 This illustrated brochure provides a report on the National Center for Geographic Information and its activities in the period 1 December 1988 through 30 December 1994. It features the Center's primary research initiatives; its role as a clearinghouse for disseminating information in support of GIS research, teaching, and applications; and its activities in education on behalf of curriculum development and support for teachers and professional training. Separate sections describe the personnel associated with the project, the unique research associated with each of  the three institutional partners (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, and the University of Maine) and the collaborative activities that link these partners for the fulfillment of common objectives. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/84m1k9r4 Fri, 18 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j82p1j8 <p>This is a copy of the original  GISHE '97 program (held in Chantilly, Virginia; October 30 - November 2, 1997)</p><p>The GISHE '97 theme was <strong>"Building foundations for expanding GIS education locally and globally</strong>". The symposium focused on strategic issues in GIS higher education, including: expanding partnerships between educators, private organizations and government agencies; identifying GIS employment needs and linking these to educational opportunities; building capacity in developing countries in support of GIS education and training; enlarging networks for sharing ideas about instructional methods, materials and laboratory facilities; improving GIS education for teachers teaching and learning through the Internet; enhancing GIS professional education options; identifying the key spatial concepts which should form the basis of GIS education; and articulation of courses and programs spanning the range of GIS education options.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6j82p1j8 Fri, 18 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Towson State University National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UCSB) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jt506nw <p>The articles provides a brief introduction to the NSF-funded Varenius project -- the rationale for its objectives and programs.</p><p>Appended to the article is additional information about the namesake of this project--seventeenth-century geographer and early advocate of a general spatial perspective to documenting and understanding Earth's geography--Bernhard Varenius.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9jt506nw Tue, 15 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Goodchild, Michael F. Mark, David M. Egenhofer, Max J. Kemp, Karen K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46z721n2 <p>This specialist meeting (Dec. 2-4, 2004 in Santa Barbara, CA) focused on four sub-themes, each of which presents significant issues for interoperability and spatial webs:</p><p>• Syntactic interoperability, and the adequacy of current metadata standards;</p><p>• Semantic interoperability, and technologies for overcoming differences of meaning;</p><p>• Accuracy, and the ability of data sets of different accuracy to interoperate; and</p><p>• Spatial support, and technologies for re-sampling and interpolation.</p><p>The report summarizes discussions among expert participants, and provides access to presentations and position papers.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46z721n2 Mon, 14 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Goodchild, Michael F. Kyriakidis, Phaedon Rice, Matt Schneider, Phillipp https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tj8504d This workshop explored how the geographic information community can work together to develop an Interoperable or Open environment that provides a framework for collaborative education that allows GIS educators to stay on the leading edge of both the technology and the changes happening in higher education. Technical issues, such as metadata, data formats and technology, and educational/institutional issues related to collaborative education and sharing of resources were considered at a workhop held in Soesterberg, The Netherlands on May 18-20, 1998. The meeting was organized by the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, University of California Santa Barbara; UNIGIS International, Manchester Metropolitan University; the Institute for Spatial Informatics, The Free University of Amsterdam (which also provided local arrangements for the workshop); and Hewlett Packard Netherlands. This final report on the meeting includes a white paper (Interoperability for GIScience... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tj8504d Sun, 13 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Kemp, Karen K. Reeve, Derek E. Heywood, D. Ian https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rt2243f Summaries of the principal research findings of NCGIA research over the period December 1988 - December 1997 are provided. The summaries treat developments in handling complex spatial relations, spatial error and uncertainty, public participation GIS, automated map generalization, spatial dependence, and standards for large geographic databases. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rt2243f Sat, 12 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fg8h6gf GIS conference proceeding articles are only sporatically covered by online database services. Similarly, GIS books which contain articles or chapters written by different authors are difficult to access by the titles and authors of those chapters. The primary purpose of this document and accompanying data base is to provide bibliographic citations for all articles contained in the major GIS conference proceedings and book compendiums of 1991. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9fg8h6gf Thu, 10 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Onsrud, Harlan J. Frank, Steven https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q98h7r4 <p>This Second International Symposium (GISHE `96) follows a series of related workshops held during the `80's and 1990 at Ohio State University, and the first international symposium held in Miami in 1991. The theme for this symposium is "Expanding GIS Education through Technology and Outreach". The purpose is to provide a forum for discussion of today's strategic issues in GISHigher Education. These issues include:intra- and interdisciplinary GIS education; GIS education and the internet;  new technologies for teaching--multimedia, web browsers; funding and designing GIS laboratories; professional education-- educating working professionals; the role for the 2-year community and technical colleges; curricula for colleges; articulation of GIS education across the educational spectrum from elementary school to post graduate programs; international collaboration in GIS education; and preservice teacher education in GIS.</p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q98h7r4 Thu, 10 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 World Computer Graphics Foundation Towson State University National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n14d6r0 <p>This document contains a record of GISHE '97 (held in Chantilly, Virginia), including the final program, abstracts, and presentations, plus summaries of the working groups and final plenary discussions.</p><p>The GISHE '97 theme was <strong>"Building foundations for expanding GIS education locally and globally</strong>". The symposium focused on strategic issues in GIS higher education, including: expanding partnerships between educators, private organizations and government agencies; identifying GIS employment needs and linking these to educational opportunities; building capacity in developing countries in support of GIS education and training; enlarging networks for sharing ideas about instructional methods, materials and laboratory facilities; improving GIS education for teachers teaching and learning through the Internet; enhancing GIS professional education options; identifying the key spatial concepts which should form the basis of GIS education; and articulation of... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7n14d6r0 Thu, 10 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Towson State University National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UCSB) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh5j0qz GIS conference proceeding articles are only sporatically covered by the current online database services. Similarly, GIS books which contain articles or chapters written by different authors are difficult to access by the titles and authors of those chapters. The primary purpose of this document and accompanying data base is to provide bibliographic citations for all articles contained in the major GIS conference proceedings and book compendiums for the previous year (1993). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6bh5j0qz Thu, 10 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Frank, Steven Lopez, Xavier Johnson, Jeff Onsrud, Harlan J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fg2r1hn GIS conference proceeding articles are only sporatically covered by the current online database services. Similarly, GIS books which contain articles or chapters written by different authors are difficult to access by the titles and authors of those chapters. The primary purpose of this document and accompanying data base is to provide bibliographic citations for all articles contained in the major GIS conference proceedings and book compendiums for the previous year (1992). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2fg2r1hn Thu, 10 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Frank, Steven Onsrud, Harlan J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xz6880v <p>This document reports on the second full year of operation (Dec 1989 - Nov 1990) of the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis. Two research initiatives (Accuracy of Spatial Databases and Language of Spatial Relations  were completed in Fall 1990.</p><p>Four new research initiatives began  in year two (Multiple Representations;  Use and Value of Geographic Information;  Design and Implementation of Large Spatial Databases; and Spatial Decision Support Systems. </p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xz6880v Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5163c5fb <p>A strategic planning exercise was conducted in year 4, leading to the adoption of a new mission statement that became the basis for a renewal proposal submitted to NSF in November, 1991.</p><p>The new mission of NCGIA was to promote the advancement of geographic research of lasting and fundamental significance. Specifically, to: 1) Advance the theory, methods, techniques and applications of geographic analysis based on geographic information systems (GIS) in the many disciplines and professions involved in geographic research; 2) Augment the nation’s supply of experts in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Geographic Information Analysis (GIA) in participating disciplines; 3) Promote the diffusion of analysis based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) throughout the scientific community and provide a conduit for disseminating information regarding GIS research, teaching, and applications; and 4) Interact with individual researchers and organizations on a national and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5163c5fb Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vw1t2vb <p>This document reports on the Center’s eighth full year of operation. Two major new research initiatives were begun, on GIS and Society: The Social Implications of How People, Space, and Environment are Represented in GIS, and Formal Models of the Common-Sense Geographic World. Education programs continued to be directed to K-12, GIS in the community colleges, and the development of new curriculum materials in GIS and remote sensing. Two additional collaborative projects were initiated under the Collaborative Grants program, and the Visiting Scholars program continued to support the work of visiting researchers at NCGIA sites. The program of collaboration with the European Science Foundation’s GISDATA program continued, and the second joint Summer Institute for Young Scholars was held in Maine.</p><p>In 1995, a new proposal, “Advancing Geographic Information Science,” was submitted to NSF on behalf of NCGIA. A three-year progam will commence in  February 1997.  </p><p>The new... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vw1t2vb Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vj4f0v4 This document reports on the Center’s sixth full year of operation (Dec 1993 -  Dec 1994). Four research initiatives were completed: Spatial Decision Support Systems; Visualizing the Quality of Spatial Information; Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS; and User Interfaces for GIS.  One major new research initiative was begun, on Law, Policy, and Spatial Databases; and a second was in the advanced stages of planning for its specialist meeting on Multiple Roles for GIS in U.S. Global Change Research). Education programs continued to be directed to K-12, with teacher workshops and the development of instructional materials, and a new initiative promoting GIS in community colleges began. The Center held its first Summer Institute for researchers. The program of collaboration with the European Science Foundation’s GISDATA program was in full swing, and planning began for a 1995 joint summer institute with the Europeans in Maine. All of the developments are reviewed in this report. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vj4f0v4 Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/377571md <p>Key features of NCGIA's renewal from NSF are presented in this report, including a new collaborative funding program to broaden the participation by institutions across the country and expanded opportunities for visiting scholars at the NCGIA host institutions.</p><p>In year 5 (Dec 1992- Nov 1993), two research initiatives were completed -- Spatial Decision Support Systems and Visualizing the Quality of Spatial Information. Active initiatives going into year 6 were: Formalizing Cartographic Knowledge; Institutions Sharing Spatial Information; Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in GIS; Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS; User Interfaces for GIS; and Spatial Analysis and GIS.  In addtion to reports on these initiatives, the Center's progress in promoting GIScience education is elaborated upon in the report. </p> https://escholarship.org/uc/item/377571md Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xz4764z This document reports on the NCGIA's seventh full year of operation. Three research initiatives were completted in 1995: Formalizing Cartographic Knowledge; Institutions Sharing Geographic Information; and GIS and Spatial Analysis. Two major new research initiatives were begun, on Multiple Roles for GIS in US Global Change Research and on Collaborative Spatial Decision-Making , and a third was in the advanced stages of planning for its specialist meeting--GIS and Society: The Social Implications of How People, Space, and Environment are Represented in GIS, the first NCGIA research initiative to be planned mostly outside the center's three institutions. Education programs continued to be directed to K-12, GIS in the community colleges, and the development of new curriculum materials in GIS and remote sensing. Two collaborative projects were initiated under the Collaborative Grants program, and the Visiting Scholars program continued to support the work of visiting researchers at... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0xz4764z Wed, 9 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9492q6sm <p><em>Discrete Global Grids: A Web Book</em> (2002) was edited by Michael F. Goodchild and A. Jon Kimerling and produced with the support of the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA). This document reproduces the eight ‘chapters’ of the book, each of which deals with a specific aspect of discrete global grids as a method for specifying geographic location on the surface of the earth. The chapters are as follows:</p><p>Chapter 1: Developing an Equal Area Global Grid by Small Circle Subdivision, by Lian Song, A. Jon Kimerling and Kevin Sahr</p><p>Chapter Two: Interoperable Cooordinate Transformation and Identification of Coordinate Systems, by Daniel Specht</p><p>Chapter Three: Discovering, Modeling and Visualizing Global Grids over the Internet, by Yvan G. Leclerc, Martin Reddy, Lee Iverson and Michael Eriksen</p><p>Chapter Four: The Global Spatial Model, by Earl F. Burkholder</p><p>Chapter Five: EASE-Grid- A Versatile Set of Equal-Area Projections and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9492q6sm Tue, 8 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Goodchild, Michael F. Kimerling, A. Jon (editors) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr9g5nv The two-and-a-half day workshop in Santa Barbara (December 2006) focused on the role of digital gazetteers in geo-referencing applications, starting with overviews of the state-of-the-art and current activities and leading to a consensus on the opportunities and directions for collaboration and the advancement of a research and practice agenda. The workshop was convened by the National Center for Geographic Information &amp; Analysis (NCGIA) and the Redlands Institute, with sponsorship from the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6fr9g5nv Tue, 8 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Goodchild, Michael Hill, Linda L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w19j1j6 The two-and-a-half day workshop (Dec 2006, in Santa Barbara CA) focused on the role of digital gazetteers in georeferencing applications, with overviews of the state-of-the-art and current activities and discussions on opportunities and directions for collaboration and the advancement of a research and practice agenda. The workshop was convened by the National Center for Geographic Information &amp; Analysis (NCGIA) at the University of California at Santa Barbara and the Redlands Institute. It was sponsored by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. This document contains the list of participants, submitted position papers, and the meeting agenda. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w19j1j6 Tue, 8 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n64w60p This meeting of education researchers and teachers immediately followed the November 1996 Annual Meeting of the National Council for Geographic Education (NCGE) in Santa Barbara, California. Participants explored the issues facing the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the K-12 classroom and developed a research agenda related to Pedagogy Issues, Curriculum Issues, Software Issues, and Cognitive Issues. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n64w60p Tue, 8 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis National Council for Geographic Education (NCGE) Technical Education Research Centers (TERC) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z95h3wj This report describes the activies of the Center in its first year to carry out its primary mission for "basic research on geographic analysis utilizing GIS." This research focused on improved methods of spatial analysis and advances in spatial statistics; ' a general theory of spatial relationships and data base structures; artificial intelligence and expert systems relevant to the development of geographic information systems; visualization research pertaining to the display and use of spatial data; and social, economic, and institutional issues arising from the use of GIS technology. It also identifies the Center's steps to "augment the nation's supply of experts in GIS and geographic analysis in participating disciplines; promote the diffusion of analysis based on GIS throughout the scientific community; and provide a central clearinghouse for disseminating information regarding research, teaching, and applications." https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7z95h3wj Sun, 6 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (UC Santa Barbara, SUNY at Buffalo, University of Maine) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p93g6wd <p>The roles for geographic information systems (GIS) in the secondary schools are investigated in this foundational research carried out in conjunction with the Secondary Education Project (SEP) of the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis. It is the first comprehensive examination of GIS use in the pre-collegiate environment. A pilot study including a one week workshop for secondary school teachers found that teachers could identify roles for GIS in their classrooms. The positive results of the pilot study resulted in an extension of the research to include the interface between secondary school geography education and GIS in the classroom, the technological environment in the schools and the potential ramifications for GIS activities, and the examples provided by existing GIS efforts for and in the schools. This extension led to the conclusion that GIS can play an important role in geography education. It was also established that rudimentary computer infrastructure... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p93g6wd Thu, 3 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Palladino, Steve https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43x094z3 <p>This 1884-page document, published originally as a CD, features the full proceedings of The Third International Conference/Workshop on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling, held under the auspices of the U.S. National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis in Santa Fe, NM in January 1996.</p><p>Menu links to the contents by sessions, posters, and authors are available in the downloaded file from e-scholarhip.</p><p>The conference had three interrelated objectives:</p><p>1. To review the current status of digital geographic information for environmentalmodeling, with particular emphasis on the technical and institutional issues affecting its usefulness and accessibility.</p><p>2. To review progress, with emphasis on the period since the previous conference, in the development of environmental models, and in the exploitation of geographic information technologies, particularly GIS, to support modeling.</p><p>3. To identify areas where progress in the integration... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/43x094z3 Tue, 1 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jb7k2gc <p>The National Center for Geographic Information (NCGIA) and Analysis and the California Geographic Information Association (CGIA) organized the first California GIS Educators' Symposium, which took place on August 11—12, 1996. This day and a half meeting at the University of California, Santa Barbara brought together 45 GIS educators from around the state. There was a strong representation from the California State University system as well as from the state's community colleges. Participants also included educators from the University of California, private universities, the public schools, and other educational organizations.</p><p>The primary goal of the symposium was to begin a dialog between educators at in different types of institutions around the state and to attempt to coordinate GIS educational activities.</p><p>Jack Dangermond, President of ESRI, delivered a thought provoking keynote discussion, which touched on a broad range of issues related to the affect of GIS... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1jb7k2gc Tue, 1 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000 National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis California Geographic Information Association https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zq9c18g This is the first in a six-unit series on the design, purchase and implementation of a GIS. It outlines several steps that are covered in this and subsequent units: problem recognition and technological awareness, developing management support, project definition, system evaluation and system implementation. The first two are covered in this unit, illustrated with an example of a municipal Automated Mapping and Facilities Management (AM/FM) project in Newport Beach, California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zq9c18g Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 60, CC in GIS Gossette, Frank Ferguson, Warren Dueker, Ken https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sm662vp This unit discusses common issues that arise when an organization acquires and implements a GIS. It describes potential problems within organizations such as overemphasis on technology, rigid work patterns, inflexibility, inappropriate decision-making procedures, staffing and assignment of responsibilities. The conclusion presents strategies to facilitate success. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sm662vp Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 67, CC in GIS Dueker, Ken https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q221641 This unit covers topics including the basic elements of a network; how networks are represented; commonly used shortest path algorithms; and common application areas in which networks are used. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9q221641 Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 064, CC in GIScience Zhan, F. Benjamin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pq5d78q This unit provides a very brief review of some important milestones in the development of GIS. It provides early examples of spatial analysis performed with multiple theme maps, then introduces people, applications and systems that were significant in the early days of computerized cartography and spatial analysis. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pq5d78q Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 23, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pd0b1mz This unit introduces hierarchical data structures for storing raster data, focusing on quadtrees and quadtree variants. The process of coding quadtrees and accessing data through a quadtree are described, and different data structures are compared. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pd0b1mz Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 36, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n10v5m2 This unit provides a brief introduction to computer hardware and software. It discusses binary notation, the ASCII coding system and hardware components including the central processing unit (CPU), memory, peripherals and storage media. Software including operating systems, word processors database packages, spreadsheets and statistical packages are briefly described. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9n10v5m2 Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 03, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9mg793hk This unit describes the origin, components, functioning, and uses of land information systems, with particular emphasis on systems for maintaining cadastral (land ownership) data. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9mg793hk Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 164, CC in GIScience Ventura, Stephen J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m14w1tt This unit gives an overview of some different options for storing raster data including advantages and disadvantages of each. Run encoding and several different scan orders, including row order, row prime order (boustrophedon), Morton order and Peano scan, are described and compared. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m14w1tt Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 35, CC in GIS Peuquet, Donna https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f234240 This unit describes the use of World Wide Web technology for the development of digital libraries. Topics covered in this unit include the objectives, concept and architecture of digital libraries including spatial digital libraries. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9f234240 Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 191, CC in GIScience Yeung, Albert K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r7x5jv Having established a basis of the fundamental concepts in GIS data structures, this unit begins a large module looking at how GIS can be used. First we look at how spatial relationships can be analyzed and then present a summary of the range of functions that fall within present GIS capabilities. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97r7x5jv Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 15, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97p6n8qq This unit introduces a selection of network problems through an example concerning waste disposal for the Petrolia, Ontario oil field. The example is framed as a location-allocation problem and the GIS implementation using a location-allocation module is outlined. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97p6n8qq Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 58, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97g4221q This unit covers the definition of process modeling and simulations; types of processes relevant to GIS; approaches to process modeling and simulations; calibration, error propagation and sensitivity analysis; integration of process models and GIS; and application examples. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97g4221q Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 130, CC in GIScience Mitasova, Helena Mitas, Lubos https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9733d21b This unit addresses topics surrounding spatial cognition including spatial learning, the form of internal spatial representation and the resulting effects on spatial reasoning and natural language. The topics are presented with emphasis on their relevance to GIS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9733d21b Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 73, CC in GIS Gopal, Suchi https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jr136hb This unit continues the overview of raster GIS. It discusses the requirements of a raster GIS including data input, display and computational operations such as recoding, overlay and filtering. It distinguishes between local, local neighborhood, extended neighborhood and zonal (groups of pixels) operations. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jr136hb Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 05, CC in GIS Pazner, Micha https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dv2x6xf This unit presents an introduction to transportation networks; basic data structures and some analytical operations; and a discussion of data quality issues. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8dv2x6xf Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 183, CC in GIScience Noronha, Val https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88r521tw This unit delves deeper into database concepts introduced in the previous unit. It describes requirements of a database for spatial data including data security concerns, ability to support concurrent users, security against data loss, and prevention of unauthorized use. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88r521tw Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 44, CC in GIS White, Gerald https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87g7j63x This unit discusses standards in GIS—why they are important, who establishes them and what types of standards are relevant to GIS. It gives an overview of the types of standards for operating systems, user interfaces, networking, database query, display and plotting and data exchange. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/87g7j63x Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 69, CC in GIS National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8738h7fc This section is not typical of the other sections of the curriculum in that it is primarily directed at instructors intending to use the Core Curriculum as a resource in their own curriculum design, rather than as materials to teach with.  However, the materials might be used directly by instructors teaching the methodology of geographical education as part of an education elective within higher education. This section includes two units: Curriculum design for GIS (Unit 159) and Teaching and learning GIS in laboratories (Unit 160). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8738h7fc Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 158-160, CC in GIScience Unwin, David J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86g5r52k This unit examines the common methods of data input. It describes the hardware and methods used for digitizing and scanning spatial information from maps and photographs, and it discusses conversion of data between digital formats and associated issues of projection, scale and resolution. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/86g5r52k Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 07, CC in GIS Star, Jeffrey L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82w9m1rb This unit explains the purpose of exploratory data analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA); the model which underlies statistical ESDA; the importance of cartographical, graphical and tabular tools in processing geographical data for ESDA; a range of ESDA techniques and their use in analyzing geographical data; and the limitations of current GIS software for undertaking ESDA. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/82w9m1rb Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 128, CC in GIScience Haining, Robert Wise, Stephen https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81k7b2qc This unit presents an introduction to multimedia and virtual reality as they relate to GIS, including definitions, technological issues, computer science aspects, user interface considerations, and applications. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81k7b2qc Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 131, CC in GIScience Taylor, George https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81k0v7n3 This unit introduces the raster data model for representing geographic phenomena. It differentiates it from the vector model and discusses appropriate applications, how a raster is created, the types of values that may be stored in a raster, and fundamental concepts like resolution, orientation, and zones. The unit concludes with an example analysis using a raster GIS. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81k0v7n3 Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 04, CC in GIS Tomlin, Dana https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80j3m2nj This unit examines legal issues surrounding GIS. As a legal and economic entity, information may be quantified, owned, valuated, and used as evidence to resolve conflict, though none of these tasks is trivial. Liability scenarios—including errors in represented location and inappropriate uses of data—are discussed along with access and ownership issues, such as privacy and confidentiality, copyright and conflict of laws. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80j3m2nj Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 70, CC in GIS Epstein, Earl https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wq9w5z0 These units provides a general overview of natural resources data, including types of data; typical applications; and common problems and limitations. Soil data are discussed in greater detail, including soil classification and mapping; types and contents of soil surveys; and the structure of soil data in GIS applications. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wq9w5z0 Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 090-091, CC in GIScience Schut, Peter H. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w47b1tm This unit presents an overview of the terminology and concepts pertaining to information organization and data structure in the context of information science and management. The aim is to provide a general but articulate introduction to the principles and methods of information organization, with special reference to geographic information, that serves as a prerequisite for more advanced studies of data models and database in subsequent units. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7w47b1tm Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 051, CC in GIScience Yeung, Albert K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s2326gs This unit covers topics including the definition of <em>raster</em>; raster layers, how they are sampled from reality and how they represent reality; geometry and topology of rasters and edge effects on rasters; other forms of rasters including hexagonal and curved surfaces; run length encoding; and issues about working with rasters. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s2326gs Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 055, CC in GIScience Goodchild, Michael F. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gn5d8zm This unit outlines fundamental concepts in database systems and their integration with GIS, including advantages of a database approach, views of a database, database management systems (DBMS), and alternative database models. Three models—hierarchical, network and relational—are discussed in greater detail. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7gn5d8zm Mon, 31 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0000 Unit 43, CC in GIS White, Gerald