Recent ucd_ome_posters_dermatology items

Mutational landscape of melanocytic tumorsfrom patients with RASopathies

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Mutational landscape of melanocytic tumorsfrom patients with RASopathies

Identification of psoriasis-protective IL17D variant associated with increased IL17D and FAM19A5 expression in psoriatic skin

Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an estimated heritability of 80%. The IL-17 family plays a central role in the mediation of inflammatory pathways, including psoriasis. The most well-studied of these, IL-17A, is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine.

Epidermal Nevus with Extensive Cutaneous Involvement

Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Epidermal nevi (EN) are benign congenital skin lesions derived from a postzygotic mutation in a subset of pluripotential embryonic cells (mosaicism).

• The lesions tend to arrange in a whirlwind pattern representing the migration of the pluripotent cells, known as lines of Blaschko.

• The distribution and extent of EN varies greatly ranging from a single linear lesion to systemic involvement.

• More extensive lesions are highly associated with musculoskeletal and nervous system abnormalities, making up what is known as Epidermal Nevus Syndrome.

• Not only do the extent of the lesions vary greatly, but so do the underlying genetic mutations demonstrating the difficulties in defining a clear phenotype-genotype model.

• These mutations include FGFR3, PIK3CA, and HRAS

Risk Assessment of Internal Malignancies in Patients with Vitiligo

Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Vitiligo patients were more likely to have a history of a solid-tumor, non-skin cancer and were more likely to have a history of more than 1 cancer type.

• Also, vitiligo patients had a higher likelihood of facing breast, ovary/uterus/cervix, and prostate cancers.

• Significantly decreased risks were noted for lung cancer.

• Patients with unilateral vitiligo were significantly more likely than those with bilateral vitiligo to have a history of a solid-tumor, non-skin cancer, skin cancer, or female breast cancer.

• Our study extends prior registry-based observations by controlling for known cancer risk factors.

• Future directions: Implications for cancer screening, mechanisms involved, time course of the vitiligo and cancer events, and connections to the effects of cancer immunotherapy treatments.

CHARACTERIZING PATIENTS WITH DERMATOMYOSITIS FROM 2011-2021 AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Dermatomyositis (DM) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory condition defined by distinct skin manifestations and varying systemic manifestations. Due to its heterogeneity, the true prevalence is difficult to determine, but current estimates are between 1/10,000-50,000 persons. The cutaneous manifestations of dermatomyositis can be defined as: Pathognomonic: Gottron papules, Gottron sign, and heliotrope rash. Characteristic: nailfold changes, shawl sign, V-sign, Holster sign and scalp involvement. Compatible: poikiloderma, periorbital edema and facial swelling. Less common: vesiculobullous, necrotic or ulcerative lesions, cutaneous vasculitis, and calcinosis cutis. Rare: mechanic’s hands, flagellate erythema, deck chair sign, follicular hyperkeratosis, panniculitis, mucinosis, erythroderma, and oral mucosal changes. Nonspecific: Raynaud Systemic manifestations are variable, including myopathy, cardiopulmonary involvement, gastrointestinal disease, and malignancy.

Effect of Body Mass Index on Cutaneous Malignancy Screenings at Dermatology Visits

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Dermatologists perform total body skin exams (TBSEs) for 81% of new patients. To date, there exists little research on the effect of body mass index on the likelihood of receiving TBSEs. Many factors including implicit bias regarding obesity, mobility issues, and patient preferences may affect the care patients with obesity receive and may have impacts on health outcomes such as rates of missed skin cancers.

Managing Aggressive CD30-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorder and Toward Early Palliative Care Inclusion

Tue, 5 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas (CTCL) are rarely seen clinically, with a global annual incidence of <10 per 100,000, and only 11% are CD30+ Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD). Their heterogenous clinical and pathologic presentation result in significant diagnostic challenges. Diagnosis of potentially aggressive CTCL warrants prompt clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Management of the patient with suspected CTCL, as with other life-limiting disease, should include quality of life and goals of care assessment, as well as early inclusion of palliative care in medical management.

The association between juvenile xanthogranulomas in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients and the development of leukemia: A systematic review

Mon, 28 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The association between juvenile xanthogranulomas in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients and the development of leukemia: A systematic review

Comparison of S100A8 and PRAME as biomarkers for diagnosing melanoma

Mon, 28 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Early diagnosis of melanoma is crucial to improved patient survival. Some melanomas can be difficult to diagnose from histopathology alone, and inter-observer disagreement among dermatopathologists in 15-35% of cases1 can delay diagnosis. PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma) is a tumorassociated antigen found to be overexpressed in human melanomas, making it a helpful tool in differentiating between benign vs. malignant melanocytic lesions. PRAME immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been used increasingly in dermatopathology practice, but there is currently no single biomarker or IHC stain that is diagnostic when used alone. S100A8 is a calcium-binding protein found to be highly expressed in certain inflammatory conditions and human cancers2,3. It was recently found by Kiuru et al. to be expressed by the keratinocyte microenvironment of melanomas but not that of melanocytic nevi4 , suggesting its role as a melanoma biomarker. The diagnostic utility of S100A8 IHC when...

How Do FDA approved Biologics Compare to Narrow-Band Ultra-Violet B Light for the treatment of moderate to severe Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis?

Mon, 28 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

1% to 3% of adults worldwide, are impacted by psoriasis. 2% of US adults are impacted by atopic dermatitis. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic illnesses with compounding costs of treatment. Biologics are desirable treatments for moderate to severe psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Purpose: Provide a cost benefit analysis of all biologics compared to narrow band ultraviolet B (NVUVB) light therapy for the management of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis

Do surgical closure techniques really effect the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) in dermatologic procedures?

Mon, 28 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Closure techniques have been studied before as independent risk factors for SSI, though no large-scale studies have been done to understand their significance while taking patient demographic and surgical characteristics into consideration.

Characterizing disease manifestations and mortality of systemic sclerosis at UC Davis by race/ethnicity

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition, vascular damage, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs. Race has a significant influence on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, survival, autoantibody frequencies, and genetic factors in SSc.

Multiple studies in African-Americans and Whites have implicated the interaction between racial background, autoantibody subtype, and genetic factors in determining disease manifestations, severity, and progression in SSc. African-Americans have been reported to have a more severe clinical phenotype, with younger age at SSc onset, higher frequency of diffuse skin involvement, more extensive pulmonary disease, higher risk for scleroderma renal crisis, and an overall worse prognosis (including higher mortality) compared to Whites even after controlling for socioeconomic factors.

Nipple thrush or dermatitis: a retrospective cohort study of nipple-areolar complex conditions and call for coordinated, multidisciplinary care

Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Determine which elements of a lactating patient’s clinical presentation, including breast pump use and symptoms, are associated with a diagnosis of nipple thrush.

Characteristics of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa seen at a tertiary care facility from 2009-2019: a retrospective chart review study

Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this study is to characterize patients diagnosed with HS at the University of California, Davis, Medical Center to better understand this patient population. Moreover, with reports of increased substance use among HS patients and the ongoing requirement for opioids among patients with chronic pain, we sought to identify any history of opioid use in this HS patient population. Additionally, prior research has shown a linkbetween inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and HS. Therefore, we sought to identify any association between IBD and HS in our cohort. There is a great need for additional studies regarding this chronic disease and how to best manage patients to allow foran overall improved quality of life.

The influence of p16 immunohistochemistry on diagnosis and management recommendation of melanocytic neoplasms by dermatopathologists: A single institution prospective study

Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Early diagnosis of melanoma is imperative for improved survival

• The diagnosis of melanoma is based on histopathologic evaluation but lacks interobserver agreement in up to 10-25% of cases1 , showing the diagnostic difficulty in a subset of melanocytic neoplasms

• Improved molecular diagnostic markers are needed, which may impact diagnosis and treatment recommendations2

• p16, the protein product of CDKN2A, is a gene frequently mutated in melanomagenesis3,4

• p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is becoming a commonly used marker for evaluating challenging melanocytic neoplasms

• Prospective studies on the impact of p16 IHC on the diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and treatment recommendations by dermatopathologists of melanocytic neoplasms are lacking

The association between juvenile xanthogranulomas in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients and the development of leukemia: A systematic review

Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an inherited tumor syndrome caused by heterozygous germline mutations in the NF1 gene, occurring in approximately 1/2600 individuals. A subset of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) develop juvenile xanthogranulomas (JXGs), a non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and some of these patients also develop juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML).Yet, these associations are poorly delineated.JXG is a benign proliferation of non-Langerhans cells histiocytes characterized by small yellow/brown papulonodules ranging from 1-20 mm in size. JMML is a mixed myeloproliferative-myelodysplastic disorder that affects children, most often before age 6.4. The first and only systematic review on this described therisk of developing JMML 20 to 30 times higher in patients with NF1 with JXG lesions compared to those without JXG. Since then, mostly isolated case reports have either refuted or confirmed this triple association.

How Do FDA approved Biologics Compare to Narrow-Band Ultra-Violet B Light for the treatment of moderate to severe Psoriasis and AtopicDermatitis?

Tue, 17 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

One percent to 3% of adults worldwide are impacted by psoriasis. 2% of US adults are impacted by atopic dermatitis. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic illnesses with compounding costs of treatment. Biologics are desirable treatments for moderate to severe psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Purpose: Provide a cost benefit analysis of all biologics compared to narrow band ultraviolet B(NVUVB) light therapy for the management of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Localized, Alopecic Myxedema of the Scalp

Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Localized myxedema is a rare complication ofautoimmune thyroid diseases including the Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves’ disease.Localized myxedema results from the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the dermis and subcutaneous layer of the skin.

Fibroblast-produced hyaluronic acid is the mainglycosaminoglycan in localized myxedema. Localized myxedema presents bilaterally with a “boggy” thickening of the skin. Lesions classically have “waxy” swelling and induration.Myxedematous lesions of the skin most often appear on the anterior aspects of the legs and dorsum of the feet. They are often asymptomatic. Targeted treatment to cutaneous lesions is usually reserved for symptomatic cases.

Analyzing Patient-Provider Communication Characteristics After Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS)

Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Teledermatology is an emerging field withindermatology that has allowed for increased access to care through web portals such as MyChart. MyChart is a password-protected website that offers patients 24-hour access to personal health information and permits patients to send messages and photographs pertaining to their medical concerns.

MMS is a microscopically controlled surgery used to treat skin cancers such as Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), and Melanoma.

Mohs surgeons have increasingly utilized such portals post-operatively to keep track of patient progress2, but there has been sparse research that analyzes the characteristics of patient-initiated electronic and telephone communication after MMS. This study identifies the attributes and factors that contribute to patient-initiated contact after MMS.

Can PRAME immunohistochemistry be used to differentiate sebaceous carcinoma from basal cell carcinoma?

Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The histopathology of sebaceous carcinoma (SBC) can mimic other skin neoplasms, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC).Therefore, diagnostic biomarkers are needed for a subset of cases. Normal sebaceous glands express PRAME (PRAME nuclearreceptor transcriptional regulator), a melanoma-associated biomarker.Donell et al. showed that PRAME has strong immunoreactivity with basaloid sebocytes in SBC. Ng et al. reported patchy cytoplasmic staining in the germinative sebocytes only.Sebaceous glands (H&E stain and PRAME stain)

Objective: to evaluate the utility of PRAME immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic biomarker for SBC and its usefulness in the distinction of SBC from BCC.

Mohs micrographic surgery versus wide local excision for the treatment of atypical fibroxanthoma: a retrospective cohort study

Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare pleomorphic, spindle cell neoplasm that typically presents as a solitary pink/red papule on the head or neck in elderlyindividuals.

Although they rarely metastasize, it is not uncommon for these tumors to locally recur, highlighting the importance of complete removal with negative surgical margins.

Current treatment guidelines recommend Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) or wide local excision (WLE), yet MMS is generally preferred in clinical practice based on the limited data supporting superior recurrence rates.

However, there are very few studies that have compared these two surgical modalities, and some did not find meaningful differences in the rates of recurrence.

TRPM4 Promotes Psoriasiform Dermatitis (PsD) and is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Psoriasis

Fri, 23 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

TRPM4 Promotes Psoriasiform Dermatitis (PsD) and is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Psoriasis