Recent ucd_ome_posters_pbs items

Translational Behavioral Assessment of the E200KPathogenic Variant of the B56δ-subunit of the ProteinPhosphatase 2A (PP2A) that Results in Jordan’s Syndrome

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Translational Behavioral Assessment of the E200KPathogenic Variant of the B56δ-subunit of the ProteinPhosphatase 2A (PP2A) that Results in Jordan’s Syndrome

Automated Machine Translation - A Means to Circumvent Challenges Associated with Interpreters

Thu, 5 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• In the United States, over 25 million individuals over the age of 5 speak English less than ‘very well’ with limited English proficiency (LEP). Of this group, more than 16 million individuals identify their preferred language as Spanish or Spanish Creole.

• Among Latino immigrants, those with LEP are less likely to receive mental healthcare services as compared to those with English proficiency (EP).

• A variety of Federal and state policies, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, require that interpreter services be available to all LEP individuals.

• Professional interpreters are widely considered the best means of providing linguistically and culturally competent healthcare to patients with LEP. Use of interpretation services is proven more accurate, however, when providers are made to simplify their speech.

• This simplification includes shortening of phrases and avoidance of complex language, including idioms, jargon, humor and acronyms.

•...

Parental Bonding Styles and Their Association with Childhood Maltreatment Along the California-Mexico Border

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: Latino individuals report high rates of childhood trauma, but the impact of parenting styles on childhood maltreatment (CM) in this population is unknown. This study examined the association between CM and parental bonding (PB) among adult Mexican Americans and Mexican nationals seeking services at primary care and mental health clinics on both sides of the California-Mexico border.

Methods: The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Parental Bonding Instrument were administered to 516 patients at one of 8 clinics in San Diego and Imperial, CA and Tijuana, Mexico between 2007 and 2008. Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: Among respondents, 305 reported moderate to severe CM and 210 reported mild or no CM. PB style of mothers [N=503, χ2 (3)=115.69, p < .001] and fathers [N = 417, χ2 (3)=70.4, p < .001] was significantly associated with CM history....

Effects of Training Primary Care Clinicians to Diagnose and Treat Psychiatric Illness: A Closer Look at the UC Davis / UC Irvine Train New Trainers Primary Care Psychiatry Fellowship

Tue, 5 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Traditionally, mental health and physical health have been treated as separate entities with the medical specialty of psychiatry bridging the gap between these physical and mental realms. While one of the aims of primary care is to address a patient through a holistic perspective rather than as a constellation of diseases, primary care clinicians are not extensively trained to diagnose and treat psychiatric illnesses. Some studies have suggested that primary care providers underdiagnose psychiatric illness. Only 5% to 60% of depressed patients in primary care settings are correctly identified and treated. Furthermore only 22% of these physicians intend to attend CME on depression and fewer 8% intend to change their care of depressed patients in the next 6 months. Concurrently, the majority of patients with known psychiatric illnesses will receive care within a primary care setting. Another concern with the current paradigm is the deleterious effect stigma held by primary care...

Suicide by Self-Inflicted Burns –A Persistent Psychiatric Problem

Tue, 5 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Self-inflicted burns are a relatively uncommon but profound attempt at suicide. In 2019, suicide was the 10th leading cause of death in the United States with suicide by burns accounting for less than 1.0% of suicide attempts. Incidence of suicide by burning and self-inflicted burns have been estimated at between 0.67%-9.0% of total burn admissions in developed countries. 20 years ago, we first reviewed our experience with self-inflicted burns. This study evaluated for any change in the incidence or outcomes of self-inflicted burns. Due to the rarity of occurrence, there is limited literature available evaluating the psychosocial contributors and outcomes of suicide by burning and self-inflicted burns. Prior studies have described characteristics of patients with selfinflicted burns as predominantly male and Caucasian and with a history of psychiatric illness and substance use. A nationwide Japanese study with data from over 200 major tertiary care centers compared outcomes amongst...

An Ecologically Valid Measure of Cognitive Control Needed for Daily Living in Autistic Adolescents and Young Adults

Mon, 4 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Autistic adolescents frequently exhibit cognitive control (or executive function) deficits for which the field lacks ecologically valid measures. The Map task is a new measure that has been validated in assessing the functional capacity of children at clinical high risk for psychosis, a pre-psychotic phase that shares similar deficits in communication and executive function with autism. This suggests it could be used in autistic children to measure similar cognitive deficits. We report preliminary results with these goals: 1) Examine whether autistic participants show impairments on the Map task compared to age, gender, and IQ-matched non-autistic participants, 2) Examine associations between Map task performance and another test of similar construct, the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. 3) Investigate associations between Map task performance and the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-3 (ABAS-3), a measure of adaptive functioning.

Accuracy in Different Emotional States in Emotional Go No-Go Task with TD and ADHD

Mon, 4 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

People with ADHD experience emotional regulation deficits,1 associated with greater functional impairment2. We used an Emotional Go/No-Go Task (EGNG), a modified Go/NoGo paradigm with emotional faces (happy, fear, anger) used as distractors to compare the effect of emotion regulation on response inhibition in ADHD compared to a matched typically developing (TD) group3. Previous work in ADHD-EGNG performance found that both ADHD and TD groups make significantly more omission errors (failing to respond during a go trial) when viewing fearful stimuli compared to neutral stimuli and that ADHD participants make significantly fewer commission errors (inappropriately responding during a no-go trial) when viewing fearful stimuli compared to neutral stimuli4. However, previous work only looked at one or two types of emotional stimuli alongside a neutral stimuli. The present work compares ADHD and TD performance on an EGNG paradigm incorporating three emotions (happy, fear, & anger)...

Efficacy of an Automated Conversational Agent on Postpartum Mental Health: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Postpartum depression and other perinatal mood disorders are common and underdiagnosed. Many barriers exist to accessing perinatal mental health resources including limited availability and cost. Automated conversational agents (chatbots) can deliver cognitive-behavioral-therapy content through message-based conversations and have been found to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in select populations.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Psychological Impact in a High-Risk Adolescent Population

Mon, 21 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Multiple studies have shown the link between childhood adversity and various poor health outcomes including suicide risk, substance use disorder, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and others. The effects of childhood trauma are complex and probably multi-factorial and may have physiological links to increased cortisol levels and subsequent blunted hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity. Although research has identified several risk factors for ACEs, there are few qualitative studies assessing how adolescents perceive their own childhood adversity experiences and how they have coped.

The Uses of the BOT-2 for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The BOT-2 is a valid and reliable tool to measure motor function in children with ASD for initial diagnostic evaluation and for therapeutic interventions.

Diversity in Journal Editorial Review Boards in Psychiatry and Neuroscience

Fri, 11 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Previous research examining the diversity and inclusion of editorial review boards has revealed that the participation of women in editorial boards of major medical journals is extremely underrepresented. One analysis of women on editorial boards of major medical journals found that only 15.9% of the major medical journals that were investigated had editors in chief that were women. Also, less than one fifth of all editorial board members were women (Amrein et al, 2011).

Assessing Resilience as a Mediator in the Association between Positive Childhood Experiences and Psychological Distress among Health Professions Students

Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Studies in recent years widely suggest that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have a detrimental impact on the health of individuals.Less is known about this association among health professions students in particular. One recent study showed that ACEs may be associated with engaging in risk behaviors among medical students (Sciolla et al., 2019).In contrast, fewer studies have examined positive childhood experiences (PCEs) as a possible protective factor with respect to health outcomes such as psychological distress. Furthermore, research on the mechanisms that link PCEs to outcomes among professional health students is scant, although studies have suggested that resilience may also protect professional health students from experiencing psychological distress (Bacchi et al., 2017; Clark et al., 2023).

Hybrid model free psychiatry clinic reduces barriers to mental health care

Tue, 27 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Examine the number of appointments fulfilled within the past year, contrasting between the behavioral health clinic at Willow Free Clinic and the newly introduced hybrid model. Our hypothesis suggests that implementing the hybrid model at the behavioral health clinic will lead to an increase in the number of patients identified as screening positive and subsequently accessing care.