Recent ucd_ome_posters_surgery items

Comparing Fusion Rates Between Fresh-Frozen and Freeze-Dried Allografts in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is used to treat a variety of cervical pathologies including degenerative disease, myelopathy, radiculopathy, and traumatic injuries. It has become one of the most common cervical spine procedures in the United States. In ACDF, the “gold standard” for grafts has been the autograft harvested from the patient’s iliac crest. However, autografts tend to cause an increase donor site morbidities, such as, pain, infection, hematoma, fracture, and wound healing. Due to the donor site morbidities, surgeons have opted to use allografts as alternatives. Fresh-frozen and freeze-dried allografts are common alternatives to autografts. Fresh-frozen allografts and freeze-dried allografts go through different forms of processing to help decrease immune response in the patient, as well as, preserve structural integrity through storage. We hypothesize that fresh-frozen allografts will have a higher rate of fusion due to its preserved structural integrity...

Preserving the Facial Nerve during Orbitozygomatic Craniotomy: Surgical Anatomy and Stepwise Illustration

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Surgical safety and efficiency during an orbitozygomatic (OZ) osteotomy rely on thorough knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the facial nerve. Although the anatomy of the facial nerve and its relation to the pterional craniotomy are described, a thorough assessment of facial nerve preservation techniques during the OZ approach and its variations is lacking. We assessed the surgical anatomy of the facial nerve related to the OZ approach and provided a thorough stepwise description on how to preserve it.

Elevated Distressed Communities Index (DCI) Score is associated withProgression of Below Knee Amputation to Above Knee Amputation inVascular Patients

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Elevated Distressed Communities Index (DCI) Score is associated withProgression of Below Knee Amputation to Above Knee Amputation inVascular Patients

Trauma Outcomes and SocioeconomicStress: Insights from the CaliforniaHealthy Places Index

Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Trauma Outcomes and SocioeconomicStress: Insights from the CaliforniaHealthy Places Index

Outcome of Surgical and Percutaneous Interventions to Treat Venous Leg Ulcers: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Chronic wounds remain a serious burden in our health system, with limited therapeutic options available to improve healing. Approximately 2.5 million people experience chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) in the U.S. alone, of which 20% develop venous leg ulcers (VLU). Venous leg ulcers (VLU) are among the most common etiologies of chronic wounds, accounting for approximately 70% of ulcers.

Follow Up After Burn Injury Is Disturbingly Low and Linked With Social Factors

Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

•Patients suffering from burns often require multiple follow up appointments.•Burns can lead to sequelae such as scars, contractures, infections, and physical and psychological distress, all of which can lead to challenges in social interaction and self-perception.•Studies in other areas of medicine have shown that lack of higher education, tobacco use, distance, and insurance type are factors associated with fewer follow ups attended.

Increased Intra-abdominal Abscess Occurs with Interrupted Fascial Closure Following Traumatic Open Abdomen

Thu, 7 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Damage control laparotomy with subsequent open abdomen can have significant complications, including inability to achieve fascial closure and an open abdomen

• Ventral hernias, enterocutaneous fistulas, and intra-abdominal abscesses (IAA) are known complications of open abdomens

• There is minimal data regarding predictors of intra-abdominal abscesses

The Prevalence of Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients Treated for Head and Neck Malignancy

Tue, 5 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence is estimated to be 3-7% in the general population, with the vast majority of those with the disorder undiagnosed. In patients who have been treated for head and neck cancer, the prevalence of OSA is even higher, with estimates ranging from 12% to 96%. Thus, we suspected that this patient population would suffer from avery high prevalence of untreated OSA. To investigate this, we performed a retrospective chart review of 282 patients who underwent surgery for head or neck malignancy, noting whether OSA screening, diagnosis, treatment, or symptoms were present. We found that 15 patients werealready diagnosed with OSA before surgery, but only 1 patient was screened, diagnosed, and treated for OSA after surgery, resulting in a total of 16 patients with OSA (5.67%). This percentage was significantly lower than even the lowest estimated prevalence for those with head and neck cancer, indicating that a sizable number of patients were...

Risk Factors Associated with Reintubation in Trauma Patients

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Reintubation is associated with increased mortality, complications, hospital stay, and financial burden.

• Most studies have focused on reintubation in medically ill ICU populations.

• However, surgical ICU patients with traumatic injuries have different pathophysiology, comorbidities, and injury patterns.

• We evaluated comorbidities, injury patterns, and events leading up to extubation in trauma patients associated with reintubation.

• Elucidating risk factors leading to reintubation may help inform clinical practice in the surgical ICU.

Bariatric Surgery’s Effect on Compression Neuropathy

Wed, 23 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Compression neuropathy is a condition in which a nerve or group of nerves are compressed, eliciting pain, numbness, or weakness in the distribution of the nerve. Patients with morbid obesity are more likely to have neuropathy than non-obese patients. Mechanism due to compression by adipose tissue or microvascular disturbances2,3 • Management of compression neuropathy includes weight loss, and for severe symptoms, nerve decompressive surgery. Patients with both obesity and neuropathy often undergo bariatric surgery due to their other comorbidities that can lead to risk of cardiovascular events and death

Integrated Single-Cell and Plasma Proteomic Modeling to Predict Surgical Site Complications

Wed, 23 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Surgical Site Complications (SSCs) may occur in up to 25% of patients undergoing bowel resection, resulting in significant morbidity and economic burden. However, the accurate prediction of SSCs remains clinically challenging. Leveraging high-content proteomic technologies to comprehensively profile patients’ immune response to surgery is a promising approach to identify predictive biological factors of SSCs.

Representation of Women in Vascular Surgery Science and Leadership; Trends in the Past Two Decades

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the last two decades, there has been an increase in the proportion of female applicants and matriculants to medical school and surgical residencies. This change indicates a narrowing of the gender gap across the levels of training. In the mid-2000s, the proportion of women applying to general surgery programs surpassed 33% and the entering general surgery resident class surpassed 40% female. The 2018 vascular surgery integrated (0 + 5) residency applicant pool consisted of 106, 27.04%, women and 286, 72.96%, men. Today, approximately 30% of the current vascular trainees are women.

At the medical education level, the rate of increase has been faster. Since 2011, each year has seen a higher rate increase in the number of female matriculating students than the year prior. The 2018 rate of increase of female matriculants was 3.2% more than the prior year. In 2011, this rate was 0.3%. In 2018, 11,160 women were enrolled in medical school, comprising 51.6% of the medical...

Increased Opioid Consumption following DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: Effect of Depression and Anxiety

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients treated with bilateral DIEP flaps for breast reconstruction between 2018 and 2021

Natural Killer and Cytotoxic T Cell Immune Infiltrates are Associated with Superior Outcomes in Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Immunotherapy has been a game changer in cancer treatment; however, there is currently a lack of effective immunotherapies for soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Although the majority of current cancer immunotherapies focus on amplifying the anti-tumor properties of Tcells, natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to be promising targets due to their innate cytotoxic characteristics, their ability to target cells without prior sensitization, and their ability to respond to diverse stimuli. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been shown to predict survival in STS, but the contribution of specific lymphocyte subsets such as NK and memory T cells to STS outcomes is undefined1,2. Archived tumor tissue from 90 STS patients collected from 2008-2020 was evaluated. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses were performed by an STS pathologist for CD3, CD8, CD45RO, NKp46, TIGIT, and MHC-I. TIL scores of H&E slides were calculated. Metastasis-free...

Assessment of the Risk Analysis Index for Evaluating Frailty of Patients Undergoing High-Risk Surgery

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Caring for complex patient populations requires effective ways to evaluate a patient's physical candidacy for surgery. Research has shown an association between frailty and adverse postoperative outcomes, including readmission, discharge to location other than home, serious complications and mortality.

• Frailty: A syndrome of reduced physiologic reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors leading to early decline with and increased risk of mortality.

Thoracic Surgery and Population Health: Efficacy of a Voluntary Smoking Cessation Quit Line Intervention in the Thoracic Surgical Clinic

Tue, 22 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Smoking Quit Line (QL) programs utilizing free education and telephone counseling services have been well demonstrated to effectively promote smoking cessation in outpatient primary care settings. Given that active smoking increases pulmonary complications after thoracic surgery, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of the voluntary California Smoker’s Helpline (CSH) QL program in the setting of a thoracic surgery preoperative clinic and tested the hypothesis that patients undergoing surgery would have higher durability of smoking cessation after QL intervention compared historical non-surgical figures.

Immune Modulatory Effects of Fetal Surgical Repair with Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell in an Ovine Model of Myelomeningocele

Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Myelomeningocele (MMC), or spina bifida, results from incomplete closure of the spinal cord and spinal canal during gestation, leaving the spinal cord unprotected. Intrauterine chemical and mechanical trauma to the exposed spinal cord results in lifelong lower limb paralysis, bowel and bladder dysfunction, musculoskeletal deformities, and severe cognitive disabilities due to hindbrain herniation in afflicted children. It is the most common congenital cause of lifelong paralysis in the United States, and approximately four children a day are born with this devastating congenital defect.

Postoperative Oral Antibiotics in Foot and Ankle Surgery: Are we affecting postoperative infections or wound healing?

Wed, 16 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

• Controversy on use of perioperative antibiotics in the prevention of postoperative infection in elective surgery

• Hypothesis: no difference in postoperative infection rate and wound healing complications between PAB vs NAB

Magnesium Infusion for Analgesia in Critically Injured Trauma Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Fri, 11 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Demonstrate the effectiveness of continuous, intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate in decreasing pain and opioid requirements in critically injured trauma patients when compared with placebo.

Representation of Women in Vascular Surgery Science and Leadership; Trends in the Past Two Decades

Fri, 11 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the last two decades, there has been an increase in the proportion of female applicants and matriculants to medical school and surgical residencies. This change indicates a narrowing of the gender gap across the levels of training. In the mid-2000s, the proportion of women applying to general surgery programs surpassed 33% and the entering general surgery resident class surpassed 40% female [1]. The 2018 vascular surgery integrated (0 + 5) residency applicant pool consisted of 106, 27.04%, women and 286, 72.96%, men. Today, approximately 30% of the current vascular trainees are women.

Sarcopenia and Frailty as Predictors of Surgical Morbidity and Oncologic Outcomes in Retroperitoneal Sarcoma

Thu, 29 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are rare tumors accounting for 1%–2% of all solid malignancies and 10%–20% of sarcomas. Surgery is the main treatment modality for patients with RPS. To date, there is no established model to predict perioperative risks for RPS patients. In this study, we evaluate the association between preoperative sarcopenia,hypoalbuminemia, and frailty and 30-dayperioperative morbidity and survival in patientswith RPS undergoing surgical resection. Ourgoal is to determine the ability of these factorsto predict surgical and oncological outcomes inthese cases.

OpenNotes and Perceptions of Care Among Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The 21st Century Cures Act mandates patientaccess and electronic viewability of physiciannotes. Improved transparency may facilitatepatient-physician communication andmedication compliance which are criticalaspects of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) care.

Cultural Complications Curricula: A Review of Surgical Residencies in Teaching Cultural Competency

Wed, 28 Aug 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Healthcare disparities exist in surgicalmedicine and several factors contribute tothem, including the systemic effects ofstructural racism as well as implicit biascarried by providers. Complications arisingfrom harmful institutional structures, SocialDeterminants of Health, and lack of culturalcompetency are appropriately named“Cultural Complications.” In this paper, wereview the literature for strategies surgicalresidency programs have utilized to combatboth staff and patient exposure to CulturalComplications. In addition, we introduce thenovel UC Davis Department of Surgery’sCultural Complications M&M series.

Long-Term Recurrence of Hypertension and Dyslipidemia after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) is Dependent on Race/Ethnicity: Trends Using a New Objective Metabolic Scoring System