http://www.rssboard.org/rss-specification 720 https://escholarship.org/uc/ucsd/rss Recent eScholarship items from UC San Diego Sun, 2 Aug 2026 08:15:25 +0000 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zk9p6t8 This study quantifies the extent to which the reported reductions in emissions from California’s electricity imports from 2011 through 2021 have been impacted by emissions leakage in the surrounding western electric grid. This evaluation looks at aggregate outcomes and does not evaluate specific transactions, imports for individual load-serving entities or compliance with regulatory provisions to minimize emissions leakage.Our empirical analysis presents two complementary estimation approaches. First, we apply marginal emissions estimation methods to quantify the amount of emissions caused by California imports each year and compare multi-year changes in our estimates of the import-driven emissions to the reduction in emissions from imports reported to CARB. Second, we apply an attributional approach to compare trends in the output of reported sources with their observed output overall. Both approaches indicate that Roughly half of the 29.6 MMT reduction in emissions from electricity... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9zk9p6t8 Sat, 1 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Bushnell, James Novan, Kevin https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6808030m Economists have long argued that many recipients of clean energy subsidies are likely non-additional, but there are relatively few empirical studies. This paper uses U.S. monthly shipment data to test whether income tax credits increase heat pump adop­tion. When the tax credit increased from $300 to $2000 in January 2023, there was no increase in shipments. Then, when the tax credit expired in January 2026, there was no decrease in shipments. This lack of a discernible relationship persists after controlling for seasonal patterns, energy prices, and housing starts. The evidence suggests that most recipients of the $2000 tax credit were non-additional, and would have installed a heat pump even without the subsidy. The paper discusses implications for policydesign, economic efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Finally, the paper points out that heat pump shipments continue at a strong pace thus far in 2026 even without the tax credit, with large benefits for the environment. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6808030m Sat, 1 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Davis, Lucas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9th4f0w1 Declining streamflow from water management and climate change threatens fish migration. In coastal California, USA, we evaluated the effects of receding streamflow on the seaward migration of juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in four streams over 10 years (2010–2020). We monitored the movement of juveniles tagged with passive integrated transponders and measured depths at riffle crest thalwegs (RCTs), the shallowest channel feature that fish must navigate. Each stream exhibited a unique relationship between RCT depth and flow, relating to its geomorphic characteristics, producing distinct ranges of water depths among streams. During the peak migration period, juveniles moved over a wide range of depths (interquartile range 5.8–19.2 cm), with greater depths occurring in wet years than in dry years. However, the depths at which fish were detected were significantly deeper than continuous, observed depth measurements during the same period. We found the greatest differences... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9th4f0w1 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kastl, Brian Obedzinski, Mariska Carlson, Stephanie M. Pierce, Sarah Nossaman van Docto, Mia M. Skorko, Krysia W. Flynn, Keane Slaughter, Weston M. Ruiz, Elizabeth Grantham, Theodore E. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sc8x6r0 Intergenerational diversity is central to achieving long-term ocean sustainability. As such, one of the main goals and challenges in the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) is fostering engagement and leadership across career stages and from diverse sectors. To understand the knowledge and professional development needs of the next generation, we surveyed the perspectives of 1344 Early Career Ocean Professionals (ECOPs) across 108 countries and territories. We assess the survey results, reflect on what has been done to address these needs halfway through the Ocean Decade, and suggest areas to further progress. We found that climate change and its social and ecological impacts are the unifying topical priority for ECOPs globally. ECOPs called for support and access to professional development. Despite progress in many initiatives, enhanced opportunities for collaboration across disciplines and sectors, mentorship and professional development, knowledge... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sc8x6r0 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin V. Robbins, Matthew Crespo, Guillermo Ortuño Puskic, Peter S. Giddens, Jonatha Kostianaia, Evgeniia Giron-Nava, Alfredo Elsler, Laura G. Rguez-Baron, Juan M. Brodnicke, Ole Bjørn https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m37z8rq Understanding and predicting changes in shoreline location are critical for coastal planners. In situ monitoring is accurate but not widely available. Satellite observations of shorelines have global coverage, but their accuracy and predictive capacity have not been fully explored. Abundant beach surveys and extensive wave observations in Southern California provide a unique ground truth for the interpretation of satellite-derived recently wetted waterlines. We combine 23 years of waterline position estimates from satellite imagery with nearshore wave hindcasts and tides to train and test a deep neural network (DNN). The trained DNN uses only tides and waves as predictors at transects with satellite coverage and wave estimates to predict beach width and, for the first time, seasonal average beach slopes. Beach width changes hindcast using DNN have at least fair skill (&gt;0.3) for 50% of transects, where the skill was calculated relative to the mean of extensive new in situ survey... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9m37z8rq Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Adusumilli, Susheel Cirrito, Nicholas Engeman, Laura Fiedler, Julia W. Guza, R. T. Lange, Athina M. Z. Merrifield, Mark A. O'Reilly, William Young, Adam P. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9br147d4 Interdisciplinary international science programs that combine environmental, ecological, and social research are pivotal in advancing ocean sustainability by integrating diverse expertise and fostering collaboration across borders. We examine the evolution and accomplishments of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization’s (PICES) Forecasting and Understanding Trends, Uncertainty and Responses of North Pacific Ecosystems (FUTURE) Program, designed to understand and communicate the future of North Pacific ecosystems under various natural and anthropogenic forces. The program’s unique application of the North Pacific Social-Ecological-Environmental Systems (SEES) framework has aimed to facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration and enhance our comprehension of ecosystem responses to climate variability. Through a combination of systematic review and quantitative text analysis of research outputs, we evaluate the program’s success in addressing its scientific objectives, and identify... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9br147d4 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Takemura, Shion Na, Hanna Boldt, Jennifer L. Bograd, Steven J. Hasegawa, Daisuke Hunter, Karen L. Kang, Sukyung Katugin, Oleg N. Kim, Saeseul Lobanov, Vyacheslav B. Di Lorenzo, Emanuele Mazur, Mackenzie Oyaizu, Hitomi Qiao, Fangli Rykaczewski, Ryan R. Satterthwaite, Erin V. Seo, Seongbong Sun, Chengjun Therriault, Thomas W. Makino, Mitsutaku https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99d6q5tt As sea-level rise (SLR) inundation maps proliferate, it is important to study their politics – both how they are created and how they act upon and shape various lives and places. This paper uses the example of King Salmon, CA – a rural, low-income residential area projected to be one of the most at risk to SLR on the US West Coast – to examine how a community responds to external projections showing SLR risk to their homes and businesses. Through interviews with 17 King Salmon community members and observation of a county-hosted ‘communities at risk’ workshop, we examined the community’s social context, their past experiences with flooding, and their reaction to SLR projection maps including what next steps they would like to see taken. Residents expressed a strong connection to the place, noting that it is one of the few affordable places to live on the coast in California. We found that residents already live with regular flooding during larger tides of the year and have taken... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/99d6q5tt Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Richmond, Laurie Kunkel, Kristina https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95n493ph Decadal-scale climate variability drives important fluctuations in nutrient availability and productivity in highly productive eastern boundary current pwelling ecosystems, but the relatively brief duration of most monitoring efforts limits understanding of these dynamics. When applied to high-resolution paleoarchives such as deep-sea proteinaceous coral skeletons, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis can provide useful new insight into biogeochemical and ecological changes beyond the instrumental record. However, interpretation of bulk δ13C and δ15N records is often complicated by multiple possible drivers of variability. Here, we addressed these challenges by applying both bulk and compound-specific amino acid δ15N and δ13C analysis to two bamboo coral specimens from Sur Ridge on the central California margin, generating sub-decadal resolution records spanning c. 1810 to present. Our overarching goals were to first test amino acid δ13C and δ15N proxies... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95n493ph Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Pugsley, Genevieve M. Guilderson, Thomas P. Glynn, Danielle S. Shen, Yuan McCarthy, Matthew D. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rp208rt Sprint swimming performance in fishes is relatively understudied despite its critical role in predation attempts, prey evasion, spawning events, and overcoming hydraulic challenges. Sprint swimming is characterized by fast acceleration, over a short distance and of limited duration. The bulk of sprint performance research uses analysis of high-speed recordings of fish behavior. While behavioral video analysis has improved, it is still expensive in both processing time and computational resources, limiting the ability to develop reaction norms for sprint performance which necessitate large sample sizes. Here we present a laser-gated sprint performance chamber (SPC) that improves upon past designs by introducing an adjustable number of lasers (≤ 25) that facilitates greater resolution on sprint performance. Use of customized arrangements can facilitate measurement of novel performance metrics of interest to a range of key questions (e.g., fatigue rate, residual anaerobic capacity,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rp208rt Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zillig, Kenneth W. Fukumoto, Jacqueline A. McInturf, Alexandra G. Burman, Scott G. Steel, Anna E. Cocherell, Dennis E. Fangue, Nann A. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rc0w174 The brown box crab Lopholithodes foraminatus is a member of the king and stone crab family (Lithodidae) that occurs in deepwater along the eastern Pacific coast. Historically, landings in California have been low for this species, but an increase in fishing pressure prompted the state to designate it as an emerging fishery and implement an experimental fishery program. With no known biological studies of California brown box crab, essential fisheries information is needed to evaluate the feasibility of a new targeted fishery. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8rc0w174 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Stroud, Ashley Culver, Carolynn S. Page, Henry M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q28686c Historically, California brown pelicans experienced reproductive failure and population decline induced by the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Although the population recovered after the 1972 DDT ban, nontargeted analytical methods have identified over 45 DDT-related compounds (DDT+) and other typically unmonitored halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) in regional upper trophic level wildlife species, presumably originating from the persistent and chemically-complex DDT manufacturing waste deposited in the Southern California Bight (SCB). However, there is limited data on DDT+ in previously endangered bird populations, including the brown pelican. We identified 183 HOCs in seven brown pelican liver samples (131 ± 48, mean ± SD) via nontargeted analysis. Seventeen DDT+ compounds were identified, including four tris(4-chlorophenyl)methane (TCPM)-related compounds, and 17 polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs), all of which were not assessed in prior pelican research.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q28686c Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Agas, A.N. Stack, M.E. Richardot, W.H. Duerr, R.S. Dodder, N.G. Sant, K.E. Hoh, E. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jj3b09s Objectives Our overall objective was to directly compare the early life history and migration patterns of hatchery- and natural-origin fish and determine when hatchery fish provide good surrogates for natural-origin winter-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Sacramento River system. Specifically, our objectives were to compare the juvenile freshwater habitat use, residence time in freshwater habitats, and size at age and relative growth of juveniles. Methods Using otoliths that were collected from adult carcasses, we reconstructed the freshwater life history of hatchery- and natural-origin fish through microstructural and chemical analyses. We analyzed the otolith strontium isotope chemistry and daily increment widths to characterize habitat use, migration timing, and growth. Results Following their hatchery-rearing period, hatchery fish had much shorter residence times (11 d, SD = 16 d) in the river than natural-origin fish (129 d, SD = 37 d). Beyond the reduced... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8jj3b09s Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Chen, Emily K. Lumahan, Katherine Johnson, Rachel C. Phillis, Corey C. Whitman, George Sturrock, Anna M. Satterthwaite, William H. Carlson, Stephanie M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cj0156k This study aims to advance the use of a lightweight recycled backfill formed from shredded waste tires with large particle sizes, referred to as Type B tire derived aggregate (TDA), for geotechnical seismic isolation (GSI). A shake table was used to perform dynamic testing of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) superstructures on a shallow footing embedded in layers of Type B TDA with different thicknesses across a broad set of base excitations. Results indicate nonlinearity in the moment-rocking response and the hysteretic damping of TDA confirmed its effectiveness as a low-modulus seismic isolation layer. TDA exhibited excellent re-centering behavior, outperforming soil-based seismic protection systems for the conditions studied. While TDA thickness had little direct effect on the moment-rocking response, specimen mass strongly influenced stability and hysteresis. Residual settlements remained small and independent of layer thickness, with larger settlements occurring only when... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cj0156k Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Yarahuaman, Axel A McCartney, John S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-0378 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8828m8br Intrapopulation variation in movement is common in nature but its effects on population dynamics are poorly understood. Using movement data from 3270 individually-marked fish representing nine cohorts of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in California, we show that bimodal intrapopulation variation in the timing of juvenile down-migration from their natal habitat and subsequent residence in non-natal habitat affects growth, emigration timing, and the abundance and stability of adult returns. Non-natal fish (early down-migrants) exhibited more variable growth and more variable but earlier emigration to the estuary than natal fish (late down-migrants). While natal rearing was more common, non-natal fish were overrepresented among adult returns, and total returns were 1.4 times more stable than natal returns alone. Our results demonstrate that variation in migratory behaviour bolsters population stability. However, non-natal rearing is reduced in low water years, suggesting that... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8828m8br Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Baker, Henry K. Obedzinski, Mariska Grantham, Theadore E. Carlson, Stephanie M. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/818367m9 The canopy-forming feather boa kelp Egregia menziesii exhibits remarkable morphological variability across its geographic range. Regional morphotypes of Egregia were once considered separate species, but they were not determined to be genetically distinct; instead, their morphology was thought to reflect local physical or environmental conditions. Although morphological variation in Egregia has long been observed and was previously characterized through field surveys in the early 2000s, we revisited this topic using digital morphometrics (i.e., image analysis) of 1624 macroalgal herbarium specimens from California dating back to the 19th century. We observed that the morphology of Egregia (rachis texture, lateral blade shape, and blade or pneumatocyst density) varied along a latitudinal gradient and could be predicted by seawater temperature and wave height. We also identified some region-specific morphological changes in recent decades. Further, the monthly presence or absence... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/818367m9 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Khen, Adi Moore, Kai M. Braybook, Siobhan A. Vroom, Peter S. Miller, Kathy Ann Smith, Jennifer E. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77b7j33j Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the sixth most common gynaecological cancer in the UK, accounting for over 200,000 deaths worldwide. Cancerous Inhibitor of Phosphatase 2&nbsp;A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein and an endogenous inhibitor of PP2A. CIP2A is a key regulator for cellular processes (e.g. proliferation, DNA damage) and is involved in the progression of many malignancies. In this study we provide a comprehensive overview of its role in OvCa making use of in silico tools, clinical samples and in vitro models. CIP2A is overexpressed in OvCa patients, with metastatic patients having significantly higher expression when compared to patients with malignant and benign ovarian tumours. High CIP2A expression reduces both overall-and progression-free survival, whereas an R530T mutation is predicted to cause structural destabilisation of the CIP2A dimer. We also provide evidence for microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA target interactions with CIP2A. Finally, we have studied the effects of CIP2A inhibition... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/77b7j33j Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Filipe, Alice Saravi, Sayeh Mustafov, Denis Panfilov, Suzana Banger, Simran Mousavikivaj, Seyedehnajmeh Braoudaki, Maria Kailasam, Senthilkumar Riazalhosseini, Yasser Sahai, Michelle Drenos, Fotios Sisu, Cristina Karteris, Emmanouil https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6748x6bf Transient and hysteretic thermo-hydraulic response of constrained bentonite under high temperature https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6748x6bf Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lu, Yu McCartney, John S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-0378 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61w5c0n2 Objective: Investment in salmon habitat restoration often focuses on natal streams, with a goal of improving access for spawning fish and increasing early life survival of juveniles. This work is justified by a large body of research; however, return on investment in natal streams (at least in terms of increased adult abundance) has, so far, been marginally successful at best. The factors that constrain salmon populations may shift in space and time, and accurately tracking these constraints requires monitoring the full spatial and temporal scope of the salmon life cycle. In particular, juvenile salmon emigration through main-stem rivers to the ocean is not well studied and is poorly understood. Low emigration survival can prevent successful upstream habitat restoration from being realized as increased adult recruitment. Methods: We present acoustic telemetry studies from two coastal California rivers to estimate seaward emigration survival of Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/61w5c0n2 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rossi, Gabriel J. Horton, Gregg E. Shaffer, Jason T. Georgakakos, Philip B. Loomis, Christopher Obedzinski, Mariska https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xx5x757 Solving complex sustainability problems requires novel, creative approaches. One such approach is knowledge co-production, where individuals with diverse expertise collaborate to generate knowledge in support of transformative solutions. Although the concept is not new, there is growing interest in using knowledge co-production in sustainability science, yet relatively few resources offer a practical guide, rooted in theory, to help researchers and practitioners understand when and how to co-produce in the context of sustainability science. This paper synthesizes the existing literature across multiple disciplines to present a novel framework and actionable strategies for effective knowledge co-production in sustainability. The wheel of knowledge co-production, the conceptual framework presented, emphasizes the importance of iterative phases of building relationships, assessing available resources, involving diverse participants, considering context, and working together with... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5xx5x757 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin V. McQuain, Liz Almada, Amalia A. Rudnick, Jessica M. Eberhardt, Alyson L. Doerr, Angee N. O'Connor, Ryan J. Wright, Nicole Briggs, Rebecca A. Robbins, Matthew J. Bastidas, Carolina Sparks, Eric L. Goodrich, Kristen A. Costello, Wells J. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hm1c2g0 This article presents RipScout, a system for realtime rip current detection and data collection using drones equipped with machine learning (ML). No internet connection is required. RipScout achieves realtime performance by using lightweight ML models that fit the constraints of limited mobile computing re- sources with the drone controller. We compared different ML models trained to detect either one or two types of rip currents. The best model was then selected for RipScout. The system was evaluated with three ML models, with the EfficientDet D2 model achieving the highest accuracy of 93.1% for multiclass detection while maintaining realtime processing at an average speed of 17 frames per second. When a rip is detected along a flight path, the drone hovers in place and collects a video clip of a predefined length, followed by circling around the detected rip using prespecified radii and heights to collect video samples from different vantage points and elevations. An important... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5hm1c2g0 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Khan, Fahim Hasan Stewart, Donald de Silva, Akila Palinkas, Ashleigh Dusek, Gregory Davis, James Pang, Alex https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56v4q6vg Sea-level rise (SLR) is a complex challenge which could require the development of new special-purpose governance arrangements that allow for better coordination across jurisdictions and levels. This paper explores perspectives related to regional coordination for SLR adaptation in Humboldt Bay, California. Humboldt Bay is experiencing one of the fastest rates of SLR on the West Coast and exists in a complex regulatory environment with over 20 government entities, three Tribes, and numerous community members and groups connected to the issue. Through a mixed-methods approach that included 46 semi-structured interviews with and a survey of 107 coastal professionals connected to the Bay, we sought to capture local perspectives related to the barriers and opportunities for SLR adaptation, potential regional governance solutions for SLR, and the incorporation of community and equity considerations into SLR planning. Respondents identified several barriers including competing priorities... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/56v4q6vg Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Orth-Gordinier, Kristen Richmond, Laurie https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5301n922 Our understanding of marine ecosystems and ability to manage them sustainably has come from multidisciplinary observations made repeatedly over long periods of time. These long-term ecosystem observations depend on the capabilities of large research vessels, which play an essential role in the collection of global ocean observations. Research vessels serve as large, stable platforms for collecting high volume samples from the surface to the seafloor that provide uniquely valuable in situ marine ecosystem information. Additionally, they serve as mobile laboratories enabling the collection, preservation, processing, and analysis of unique samples and data, such as chemical, biogeochemical, and biological parameters. Given their capacity for, and repeated use in, collecting comprehensive marine ecosystem observations—across geology, physics, chemistry, and biology—large research vessels provide insight into long-term regional ecosystem dynamics. They also act as platforms-of-opportunity... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5301n922 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin V. Field, John C. Fassbender, Andrea J. Aceves-Medina, Gerardo Bograd, Steven J. Hazen, Elliot L. Patin, Nastassia V. Gold, Zachary Barbeau, Katherine A. Kinkade, Danie Shepherd, Adam Swalethorp, Rasmus Thompson, Andrew R. Ruhl, Henry A. Semmens, Brice https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s38k3b1 Sea Grant programs across the United States and its territories are working with coastal communities to enhance their resilience to hazards and weather extremes exacerbated by climate change. Drawing on the expertise of the authors, many of whom have multiple years or decades of experience in the Sea Grant network, the article identifies five key strategies that Sea Grant programs employ to support the process of coastal hazards and extreme weather adaptation and resilience-building. The application of these strategies, most of which have their roots in the historical legacy of extension, are then illustrated through summaries of current Sea Grant activities and projects, showcasing how they have been applied in real-world situations. These strategies allow Sea Grant programs to fill a unique and valuable niche in national efforts to enhance coastal resilience. The article concludes with a discussion of emerging challenges and recommendations for strengthening Sea Grant’s capacity... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s38k3b1 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Miller, Ian Collins, Mary Covi, Michelle Gassett, Parker Abeels, Holly Alvarez, Karina Barrett, Juliana Barry, Savanna Behl, Mona Collini, Renee Engeman, Laura Grifman, Phyllis Kerr, Laura McClure, Kate Petrone, Christopher Richmond, Laurie Rubinoff, Pamela Swallow, Danielle https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rx119hq Climate change is redistributing life on Earth, with profound impacts for ecosystems and human well-being. While repeat surveys separated by multidecadal intervals can determine whether observed shifts are in the expected direction (e.g., poleward or upslope due to climate change), they do not reveal their mechanisms or time scales: whether they were gradual responses to environmental trends or punctuated responses to disturbance events. Here, we document population reductions and temporary range contractions at multiple sites resulting from drought for three Pacific salmonids at their ranges’ trailing edge. During California’s 2012 to 2016 historic multiyear drought, the 2013 to 2014 winter stood apart because rainfall was both reduced and delayed. Extremely low river flows during the breeding season (“flow–phenology mismatch”) reduced or precluded access to breeding habitat. While Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) experienced a down-river range shift, entire cohorts failed... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rx119hq Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Carlson, Stephanie M. Pregler, Kasey C. Obedzinski, Mariska Power, Mary E. Gallagher, Sean P. Rhoades, Susanne J. Woelfle-Hazard, Cleo Queener, Nathan Thompson, Sally E. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rb6d75b Fisheries of the Middle: Building collaborations between seafood and agriculture to revitalize and enhance mid-scale food production. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rb6d75b Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Richmond, Laurie Culver, Carolynn Pomeroy, Carrie Mangubat, Mary Meusborn, Erik Todd, Andrew Vellis, Ashley Kenney, Megan Hall-Arber, Madeleine Miller, Emily Neumann, Anna Reser, Aaron Saraspe, Tanner Talley, Theresa S. Winterstein, Connie https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nn2x68g Climate change and associated sea level rise (SLR) will have substantial impacts on coastlines worldwide, threatening beaches, infrastructure, economies, and communi- ties. In California, communities and individuals rely on the state’s public coastal access to physically reach and use the beaches and nearshore waters. Such use constitutes a key component of the state’s ocean-dependent coastal tourism and recreation sec- tor, and contributes significantly to state and local economies, coastal culture, and individual’s coastal attachment. This study investigates the impacts of SLR on coastal access, first by using geospatial tools to develop a higher resolution database of the location and elevation of coastal access sites (opportunities, amenities, and facilities, including parking) at various coastal access sites statewide. Then, using the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) SLR run-up model, we project the loss of coastal access opportunities due to SLR. We find that impacts... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nn2x68g Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Patsch, Kiki Reineman, Dan R. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jh573pw Objective Variability in somatic growth of marine fish can affect their reproductive potential and survival and, therefore, the productivity of a population. Understanding how growth might vary among species can improve predictions of population status and responses to environmental change. Our objective was to characterize the variability in growth and body condition of groundfish species along the U.S. West Coast to support their monitoring and assessment. Methods We used geostatistical models to estimate growth rate and body condition, two interrelated traits associated with somatic growth, across space and time for nine commercially important U.S. West Coast groundfish species. We fit generalized linear mixed models with Gaussian Markov random fields to biological data collected from annual bottom trawl surveys to estimate variability at a 4- × 4-km spatial resolution. Results Our models uncover spatiotemporal variability in growth rate and body condition in all nine groundfish... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jh573pw Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Odell, Andrea N. Marshall, Kristin N. Ward, Eric J. Johnson, Kelli F. Baskett, Marissa L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/49p6r457 A variety of criteria may influence the efficacy of networks of marine protected areas (MPA) designed to enhance biodiversity conservation and provide fisheries benefits. Meta-analyses have evaluated the influence of MPA attributes on abundance, biomass, and size structure of harvested species, reporting that MPA size, age, depth, and connectivity influence the strength of MPA responses. However, few empirical MPA evaluation studies have used consistent sampling methodology across multiple MPAs and years. Our collaborative fisheries research program systematically sampled 12 no-take or highly protective limited-take MPAs and paired fished reference areas across a network spanning 1100 km of coastline to evaluate the factors driving MPA efficacy across a large geographic region. We found that increased size and age consistently contributed to increased fish catch, biomass, and positive species responses inside MPAs, while accounting for factors such as latitude, primary productivity,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/49p6r457 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ziegler, Shelby L. Brooks, Rachel O. Bellquist, Lyall F. Caselle, Jennifer E. Morgan, Steven G. Mulligan, Timothy J. Ruttenberg, Benjamin I. Semmens, Brice X. Starr, Richard M. Tyburczy, Joe Wendt, Dean E. Buchheister, Andre Jarrin, Jose R. Marin Pasparakis, Christina Jorgensen, Salvador J. Chiu, Jennifer A. Colby, Jordan Coscino, Connor L. Davis, Lean de Castro, Francine Elstner, Jack T. Honeyman, Christopher Mason, Erica T. Jarvis Johnston, Erin M. Small, Sadie L. Staton, Jay Waltz, Grant T. Basnett, Bonnie Satterthwaite, Erin V. Killeen, Helen Dibble, Connor D. Hamilton, Scott L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48f93647 Artificial intelligence literacy for ocean professionals is needed for a sustainable future https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48f93647 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin Robbins, Matthew https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4210054s Environmental and biological factors influencing fish larvae can drive fishery cohort strength, yet larval abundance is typically a better indicator of spawning biomass. Under a changing ocean, studies that explore the relationships between environmental variables, larval abundance, and fishery recruitment remain valuable areas for ongoing research. We focus on a popular, recreational-only, multispecies saltwater bass fishery (genus Paralabrax) whose population status and recovery potential are uncertain. We resolved Paralabrax spp. larval data to species over a 54-year period (1963–2016) and used species distribution models to (i) generate and test species-specific standardized indices of larval abundance as indicators of adult stock status and fishery recruitment and (ii) evaluate long-term spatiotemporal trends in their population dynamics relative to environmental variables and climate forcing. Contrary to initial hypotheses, species-specific larval abundance predicted future... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4210054s Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jarvis Mason, Erica T. Watson, Wiliam Ward, Eric J. Thompson, Andrew R. Semmens, Brice X. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rp8p007 Designing economical magnetic confinement fusion power plants motivates computational tools that can estimate plasma behavior from engineering parameters without direct reliance on experimental measurement of the plasma profiles. In this work, we present full-f global long-wavelength gyrokinetic simulations of edge and scrape-off layer turbulence in tokamaks that use only magnetic geometry, heating power, and particle inventory as inputs. Unlike many modeling approaches that employ free parameters fitted to experimental data, raising uncertainties when extrapolating to reactor scales. This approach directly simulates turbulence and resulting profiles through gyrokinetics without such empirical adjustments. This is achieved via an adaptive sourcing algorithm in Gkeyll that strictly controls energy injection and emulates particle sourcing due to neutral recycling. We show that the simulated kinetic profiles compare reasonably well with Thomson scattering and Langmuir probe data... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3rp8p007 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hoffmann, ACD Bernard, TN Francisquez, M Hammett, GW Hakim, A Boedo, J Rizkallah, R https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-2371 Tsui, CK Team, The TCV https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r9835cw This workshop brought together researchers with technical expertise in predicting and evaluating coastal flood hazards and potential impacts in a changing climate with the goal of assessing state-of-the-art methods, determining knowledge gaps, and identifying future research pathways that can inform community-level flood risk and adaptation planning. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3r9835cw Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rodriguez, Angelica R. Fiedler, Julia Engeman, Laura Vawter, Annika Merrifield, Mark Marra, John J. Boone, David https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mb2t1j8 As marine protected areas (MPAs) continue to proliferate as an ocean conservation tool, it is important to understand their socioeconomic outcomes, both in the short-term following implementation and in the long-term as they become a more permanent part of the ocean landscape. This paper presents results from an effort to conduct long-term socioeconomic monitoring of commercial fishing communities in relation to California’s statewide MPA network, which was fully implemented in 2012 and consists of 124 MPAs covering 16% of state waters. To assess commercial fishing community perceptions of well-being and outcomes from the MPA network, we held virtual focus groups in 18 major port-based commercial fishing communities across California with a total of 85 participants from 2020 to 2021. Focus groups had both quantitative and qualitative components, with participants rating their fishing community and engaging in discussions on topics related to their environmental, economic, and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3mb2t1j8 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Cook, Samantha Richmond, Laurie Chang, Joice Sayce, Kelly Bonkoski, Jon Chen, Cheryl Enevoldsen, Jocelyn Fisher, Rachelle Chin, Denise Kia, Mikayla https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jp2z9gg Background:While accurate billing and coding are critical to healthcare system efficiency, reimbursement, and the delivery of high-value care, formal education in billing practices during fellowship training is often limited¹. Gaps in knowledge leave trainees feeling under-prepared for real-world clinical practice. Additionally, trainees often undervalue services provided, which carry financial implications for the academic institution^2-3. Brief educational interventions have been effective in improving trainee comfort and accuracy in billing⁴. We hypothesized that a structured 1-hour educational intervention would improve understanding and comfort with billing/coding, reimbursement, and relative value unit (RVU) generation among hematology and oncology fellows. We conducted a quality improvement and educational intervention at the UC San Diego Hematology/Oncology fellowship program. Our primary aim was to improve comfort with billing, coding,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3jp2z9gg Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Farha, Nicole Resnick, Karen Ali, Ahmed Dudipala, Harshitha Grant, Christopher McGillivray, Erin Sheth, Parth Daniels, Gregory Wong-Sefidan, Ida https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3896q422 Research on the Tokamak à Configuration Variable addresses a wide range of key questions relevant to ITER and future fusion power plants. Over the past two years, highly productive experimental campaigns have led to major advances across several areas: the ITER baseline scenario; pedestal properties in low-collisionality, peeling-limited conditions; and the development of high- βN, non-inductive regimes. Alternative high-confinement scenarios have likewise received significant attention, with remarkable progress in quasi-continuous exhaust operation, X-point radiator plasmas, and negative triangularity configurations. Substantial achievements were also made in the mitigation or benign termination of runaway electron beams, in elucidating fast-ion loss mechanisms, and in improving exhaust behaviour in both conventional and alternative divertor geometries. These experimental results have been strongly supported by advances in modelling and their direct application to the experiment,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3896q422 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Theiler, C Adamek, J Agostini, M Albert, C Alberti, S Alberti, G Aleiferis, S Alessi, E Anastassiou, G Andrèbe, Y Antonenas, Y Apruzzese, GM Aucone, L Auriemma, F Ayllon-Guerola, J Aymerich, E Bagnato, F Bairaktaris, F Balestri, A Ball, J Balugani, S Baquero-Ruiz, M Bardsley, O Battey, AF Bauer, T Bechtle, S Bernert, M Bin, W Blanchard, P Boedo, J Bolzonella, T Bonalumi, L Bonisolli, M Bosman, T Bouffet-Klein, R Boyer, MD Bramucci, L Braunmüller, F Breizman, BN Brida, D Brown, B Brunner, S Buchli, J Buermans, J Busi, D Camenen, Y Cardinali, A Carli, S Carnevale, D Carpanese, F Carpita, M Casolari, A Castaldo, C Cavedon, M Cazabonne, J Cerovsky, J Chapman-Oplopoiou, B Chellai, O Chervonyi, Y Chlum, J Chmielewski, P Chomiczewska, A Cicioni, R Ciraolo, G Classen, I Clod, A Coda, S Colandrea, C Contré, CE Coosemans, R Cordaro, L Cornelissen, M Craciunescu, T Zabala, DJ Cruz Czarski, M Davies, I Dawson, C De Tommasi, G De Vylder, B Decker, J Derks, GL Devlaminck, E Di Giannatale, G di Grazia, LE Ding, R Donner, C Dreval, M Dritselis, C Dubbioso, S Ducker, R Dunne, M Durr-Legoupil-Nicoud, G Duval, BP Édes, L Ernst, S Faitsch, M Fan, C Fasoli, A Fedorczak, N Felici, F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rm9n5kz It is undeniable that citizen science contributes to the advancement of various fields of study. There are now software tools that facilitate the development of citizen science apps. However, apps developed with these tools rely on individual human skills to correctly collect useful data. Machine learning (ML)–aided apps provide on-field guidance to citizen scientists on data collection tasks. However, these apps rely on server-side ML support, and therefore need a reliable internet connection. Furthermore, the development of citizen science apps with ML support requires a significant investment of time and money. For some projects, this barrier may preclude the use of citizen science effectively. We present a platform that democratizes citizen science by making it accessible to a much broader audience of both researchers and participants. The SmartCS platform allows one to create citizen science apps with ML support quickly and without coding skills. Apps developed using SmartCS... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2rm9n5kz Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Khan, Fahim Hasan de Silva, Akila Dusek, Gregory Davis, James Pang, Alex https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d71g0sx Life history ecology provides a framework for understanding the complex interactions between organisms and their environments but is challenging to resolve for long-lived and migratory species. In fishes, life history is predominantly explored with stable isotope analysis (SIA) of accretionary tissues, such as otoliths. An alternative archival tissue validated for SIA in Teleosts (i.e., ray-finned fishes) is the proteinaceous eye lens and its growth layers (laminae). Here, we aim to expand the SIA of laminae to include Chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes; sharks, skates, rays, sawfish, and chimeras). We observe that urea in the eye lens drives patterns of elemental composition (i.e., C:N ratio) for Chondrichthyes, but the isotopic effect of urea is negligible. Teleost fishes exhibit consistent C:N ratios across eye lenses, while Chondrichthyan eye lens laminae C:N ratios decrease from the inner post-apoptotic laminae to outer pre-apoptotic laminae. After confirming the presence... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d71g0sx Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kuntz, Jonathan P. Bell-Tilcock, Miranda Vecchio, Julie L. Wallace, Amy A. Sturrock, Anna M. Perry, Sean M. Kim, Sora L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2999k846 Located at the land-sea interface, the highly dynamic sandy beach and surf zone ecosystem is one of the coastal zones used most intensely by humans (e.g., recreation, fishing, tourism). Surf zones are also important as fish habitat; however, the factors structuring fish assemblages in the surf zone are relatively understudied due to challenges associated with sampling this dynamic environment. To investigate temporal influences on surf zone fish communities, we evaluated seasonal trends in the fish assemblage and associations with environmental conditions using baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS) at four beaches on the Northeast Pacific coast (California, USA) from July 2020 to June 2021. Our study region is characterized by strong seasonality in productivity (due to spring upwelling) and the wave climate (in response to winter storms), making it an ideal location for evaluating seasonal change in surf zone fish. We found that surf zone fish assemblages exhibited marked... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2999k846 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Koval, Gammon N. Dugan, Jenifer E. Hamilton, Scott L. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27g1q9pv Experiments in the HIDRA stellarator show that the inferred lithium net-loss suppression factor Reff, which absorbs effects from redeposition, recycling, and slow evaporation, remains between 0.91 and unity across hydrogen and helium plasmas. This implies a lithium lifetime far longer than would be expected from the evaporation rate alone. Lithium surface temperature locking appears only intermittently, and high-temperature operation consistently drives lithium release that overwhelms the available fueling. As a result, the plasma transitions quickly to a lithium-dominated regime, preventing sustained operation in vapor-shielding-relevant conditions. Despite HIDRA’s relatively low densities and particle fluxes, these findings highlight that unmitigated lithium vapor readily contaminates the confined plasma, underscoring the need for active capture or control to achieve stable lithium-based plasma–material interaction regimes. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/27g1q9pv Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rizkallah, Rabel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-2371 Shone, Andrew O’Dea, Daniel Curreli, Davide Andruczyk, Daniel https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2777n7s3 Major estuaries globally are experiencing fast-paced changes in hydrology and ecosystem dynamics. However, connecting alteration of river flow regimes to estuarine fish population dynamics remains a challenge, partly due to the untested assumption that flow regimes, fish dynamics, and the resulting flow–ecology relationships are stationary (i.e., have no systematic changes in mean or variance over time). Here, we studied the endangered population segment of Longfin Smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) in the San Francisco Estuary, which depends on seasonal river flows to reproduce. We used extensive biomonitoring data (1980–2020) and two time-series modeling techniques, namely multivariate autoregressive state-space (MARSS) models and dynamic linear models (DLMs), to understand how population dynamics respond to interannual flow variation, and whether flow–ecology relationships have changed over time. MARSS outputs showed that population trajectories are best explained by a combination... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2777n7s3 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Saffarinia, Parsa Hobbs, James A. Carlson, Stephanie M. Ruhi, Albert https://escholarship.org/uc/item/216355c5 The ability to control egg production and have a consistent supply of high quality eggs is critical to the commercial success of any farmed marine finfish species. Here we describe the first documented controlled spawning of California yellowtail (CYT; Seriola dorsalis). The aim for this study was to shift volitional spawning six months ahead of when natural spawning typically occurs for the species using photothermal manipulation. Over the course of one year we tracked spawning for two sibling groups of F1 generation broodstock and recorded relevant metrics for all spawn events (egg production, viability), eggs (egg and oil diameters, hatch rates), and larvae (notochord length at hatch, yolk sac volume, survival to first feeding). The first group was subjected to natural day length and temperature conditions (Natural) and produced eggs from March through October in 2023. The second group had a shifted day length and temperature regime (Controlled) designed to stimulate spawning... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/216355c5 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Stuart, Kevin Drawbridge, Mark https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gn0d7gc At the onset of detachment, measurements show that radial turbulent particle transport (Γ~r) increases by a factor of 2−4 above the dissipative region in the near scrape-off layer (SOL) of both single-null (SN) and snowflake (SF) divertors. This leads to a fourfold increase in the density decay length, with broadened density profiles and flattened electron temperature (Te) profiles along the divertor leg. These profiles are convected uniformly through the divertor by parallel flows, with parallel heat transport shifting from conduction- to convection-dominated. Within the dissipative divertor, the flattening and collapse of the plasma potential (Vp) profiles weaken electric field gradients, reducing the E × B drifts. Turbulent spreading upstream of the dissipative region thus emerges as the dominant mechanism for radial transport at the detachment onset. Radial and poloidal drifts are shown to move respectively ∼10%–20% and ∼15%–30% of the target-normal particle and heat flux... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gn0d7gc Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rizkallah, Rabel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1794-2371 Boedo, Jose A Tsui, Cedric K Perillo, Renato Team, the TCV https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1cz1z3bd Ocean acidification (OA), caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, is a concern for ocean resource users in coastal regions where the phenomenon is compounded by variable processes. Sustained OA monitoring systems are critical for characterization of baseline ocean conditions and identification of changes and impacts to coastal ecosystems and communities. Establishing an OA monitoring network is best accomplished through iterative planning, sustained funding, and comprehensive understanding of the coastal system. This paper offers decision-making considerations for entities interested in establishing a local to regional scale OA observing system. Such considerations include which carbon system parameters can be measured in each system, which sensors and platforms will provide applicable information for interested partners, and best practices for observing data management. Because every region faces unique circumstances, we present context-specific examples of effective... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1cz1z3bd Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wright-Fairbanks, Elizabeth K. Lord, Natalie Dugan, Darcy Goldsmith, Kaitlin Hall, Emily R. Harper, Alex Reimer, Janet J. Siedlecki, Samantha Turner, Elizabeth J. Vreeland-Dawson, Jennifer Wakefield, Kirstin Yates, Kimberly K. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16h7w3sx California Sea Grant’s State Fellowship Program, modeled after NOAA Sea Grant’s highly successful John A. Knauss Marine Policy Fellowship Program, provides hands-on experience in the planning, implementation, and management of marine, coastal, and/or watershed resource policies and programs in the state of California. The program matches graduate students who have recently completed their degrees with hosts in municipal, state, and federal agencies and in research and con- servation organizations in California for a 12-month paid fellowship. Over 300 fellows have been matched with over 40 unique hosts since its launch in 1987. Many alumni are now employed in key positions in government at the state and federal level, with 80% of participants in a given year going on to jobs in policy and/or resource management after completing their fellowships. This article provides a brief history of the program and testimonials from past fellows and hosts, and explores the program’s important... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/16h7w3sx Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Oh, Shauna Medina, Delanie Leschin-Hoar, Clare https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1214485h In California’s Russian River watershed, home to imperiled salmon and steelhead populations, an intensive long-term monitoring program plays an integral role in supporting species recovery. The program conducts life cycle and basinwide monitoring of natural- and hatchery-origin coho salmon using PIT antenna arrays, downstream migrant traps, snorkel counts, electrofishing, and spawner surveys paired with environmental monitoring. The program has also served as a foundation for targeted research by providing baseline data and monitoring infrastructure. Long-term and consistent tracking of population metrics has indicated modest but meaningful positive trends in abundance, but has also revealed unanticipated bottlenecks to population recovery, many of which are related to low streamflow. Monitoring has also revealed complex movement patterns of juveniles and adults throughout the watershed that have broadened our understanding of salmon life history diversity and the importance of... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1214485h Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Obedzinski, Mariska Horton, Gregg E. Pierce, Sarah Nossaman Bartshire, Andrew Bauer, Nicolas Olin, Paul G. Carlson, Stephanie M. Grantham, Theadore E. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vq851wq Abstract Exact solutions for one‐dimensional steady‐state and transient liquid flow toward a water table in heterogeneous unsaturated soils are critical in predicting saturation profiles in several real‐world applications including interpretation of climate change effects on the subsurface and impacts on slope stability. In this study, vertical heterogeneity in saturated hydraulic conductivity with depth is characterized by an exponential decay function. A steady‐state solution is derived based on Darcy's law and the water table depth, and two transient‐state solutions are obtained from Richards' equation using the Laplace transform and the modified Bessel equation under common upper boundary conditions, that is, flow rate and pressure head, following the initial steady‐state flow condition and a water table at a specified depth. The transient and steady‐state solutions are compared with numerical solutions obtained from a multi‐layered configuration and an analytical solution... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vq851wq Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Liu, Shuang McCartney, John S https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-0378 Xiao, Yang https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vq4q9qk The ocean is rapidly changing through warming, sea-level rise, ocean acidification, declining oxygen concentrations, and altered circulation patterns, which are reshaping marine ecosystems worldwide. These changes necessitate a complete and holistic view of affected marine ecosystems. Long-term ocean monitoring programs are crucial for understanding these changes and guiding sustainable management. The California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI)*1, initiated in 1949, is one of the world's longest-running and most comprehensive marine ecosystem observing programs. CalCOFI collects extensive ocean data across all Essential Ocean Variables in the Southern California Current four times a year (Gallo et al. 2022). This encompasses over 36 physical and chemical parameters, 2,500 biological parameters, and 50,000 environmental DNA sequences, measured simultaneously (Satterthwaite et al. 2025). These data have illuminated long-term ecosystem patterns, supported marine... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vq4q9qk Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin Vera Best, Ben Swalethorp, Rasmus Semmens, Brice Gold, Mark https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n96v3zs A fundamental goal in ecology is to understand the drivers of stability in natural ecosystems in the face of disturbances. However, this is challenging when biotic and abiotic stressors operate simultaneously across multiple spatial scales. Such is the case for bull kelp forests (Nereocystis luetkeana) in northern California, where losses of predators combined with marine heatwaves have led to shifts from kelp forest to sea urchin barren states. However, despite the &gt;90% loss of bull kelp forests since 2014, some patches remain. Here, we investigate the bull kelp community assemblage in these remnant patches as well as the drivers of bull kelp forest resistance. We used a combination of in situ field surveys (years 2020–2022), remote sensing data (years 2016–2022), and a laboratory grazing experiment with urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). We found that, in addition to the two dominant states (kelp forest vs. urchin barren), there is a third community state dominated... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0n96v3zs Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ricart, Aurora M. Gomez, Julieta B. Karm, Rachael H. Largier, John L. De Souza, Vinicius Bastos Correa Dias, Abigail S. Velazquez, Maria G. Nelson, Taylor Cavanaugh, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Katherine C. Hughes, Brent B. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kc0z8g7 With more than 90% of global warming occurring in the ocean, sea level rise doubling in the past 30 years, and the ever-increasing frequency and intensity of extreme events, ocean observations are essential for understanding and addressing some of these most pressing global challenges. Known observational needs can be addressed immediately by upgrading and expanding ocean observing capacity in under-observed areas such as polar regions, island nations and territories, coastal areas of developing countries, rapidly changing coastal systems, and the deep ocean. Enhancing existing and developing new cost-effective technologies for a range of user needs to maximize the reach of essential observations, supported by standardization and best practices for interoperability. Improved spatial and temporal coverage is urgently needed but also needs to be co-designed and fit-for-purpose. Democratizing access to ocean data and integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning into data... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0kc0z8g7 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 O'Callahan, Joanne Miloslavich, Patricia Lorenzoni, Laura Satterthwaite, Erin Rome, Nicholas Schloss, Irene Heupel, Michelle Elegbede, Isa O. Fontela, Marcos https://escholarship.org/uc/item/091767ck Since its endorsement as a global network Programme in June 2021, the Early Career Ocean Professional (ECOP) Programme has been instrumental in supporting ocean professionals worldwide through funding, training, networking opportunities, and career development initiatives. Rooted in the vision of elevating diverse perspectives, the ECOP Programme fosters knowledge exchange between experienced professionals and ECOPs to promote ocean sustainability. As the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030) enters its fourth year of implementation, the ECOP Programme has grown and diversified to a formidable extent, both geographically and thematically. With over 5,200 ECOPs from 151 countries and overseas territories, the global ECOP community is currently dispersed across five regional nodes and more than 40 national hubs. This commentary brings some of the most active ECOP nodes into the limelight, amplifying their collective efforts to better understand, engage,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/091767ck Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Roman, Raphael Kostianaia, Evgeniia Bowes, Ashley Satterthwaite, Erin Savage, Conor Ilosvay, Xochitl Edua Elias Fox, Natalie Boujmil, Ines Nocito, Emily Santamaria, Sara Mohamed Maggioni, Tecla Ndah, Anthony Onwubiko, Chinomso Higa, Karina Juma, Gabriel Akoko Mwangi, Pauline Nyambura Offei-Darko, Lord Khatib, Laura Elegbede, Isa Oguguah, Ngozi Elkhouly, Hadeer A. Nwajiaku, Loretta https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03m1w9bg Recent restoration efforts for the native Olympia oyster, Ostrea lurida, are commonly motivated by potential return of oyster-associated ecosystem services, including increased water filtration. The potential impact of such restoration on another species of ecological concern, eelgrass, Zostera marina, is unclear, but has been hypothesized to be positive if oyster filter feeding increases light penetration to eelgrass. For two years after construction of an oyster restoration project, we assessed the response of adjacent eelgrass (impact) compared to control and reference eelgrass beds by monitoring changes in light intensity, eelgrass shoot density, biomass, leaf morphometrics, and epiphyte load. We observed lower light intensity consistently over time, including prior to restoration, near the constructed oyster bed relative to the control and one of the reference locations. We also observed minor variations between control and impact eelgrass morphology and density. However,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03m1w9bg Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Briley, Sara Ware, Rick Whitcraft, Christine Zacherl, Danielle https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02b0q6qq A holistic understanding of social-ecological systems is essential to foster resilient, adaptive, and sustainable marine ecosystems and human communities. Yet, the integration of social and ecological dimensions is still developing within natural resource management, as are the indicators necessary to monitor them. In this study, we assess the integration of social and ecological indicators in marine management through a case study exploring the use of and degree of linkage between social and ecological indicators in US federal environmental and ocean resource agencies. Using a survey, we collected indicator sets or reports developed by these US federal agencies and found that 7 out of 11 total reports contained both social and ecological indicators. Within those reports, there were 333 social indicators. Only 35% (116) of the social indicators could be directly linked to commonly monitored ecological indicators. Social-ecological connections were focused on many themes, including... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/02b0q6qq Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Satterthwaite, Erin V. Clay, Patricia M. Seary, Rachel Ramenzoni, Victoria C. Wilson, Cassandra Chory, Margaret Rome, Nicholas McLean, Kimberly Marshall https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tc4m34b Patients in the liso-cel plus ibrutinib cohort of the phase 1/2, open-label TRANSCEND CLL 004 study had relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and received liso-cel (50×106 [dose level (DL)1] or 100×106 [DL2] chimeric antigen receptor-positive T cells) with concurrent ibrutinib from enrollment through 90 days after liso-cel infusion or longer per investigator discretion. Primary end point was complete response/remission (CR)/CR with incomplete marrow recovery (CRi) by investigator assessment. Among 56 patients who received ibrutinib plus liso-cel (DL1, n=5; DL2, n=51), median (range) age was 64.5 years (44‒77), 98% had high-risk cytogenetics, 55% had progression on Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor and venetoclax failure, and median (range) number of prior therapies was 5 (1‒13). Median (range) follow-up was 24.8 months (3.1‒51.8). At DL2, CR/CRi rate was 45% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31‒60) and overall response rate was 86%... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9tc4m34b Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wierda, William G https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7357-270X Dorritie, Kathleen A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-8573 Gauthier, Jordan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5769-8409 Nath, Rajneesh Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Riedell, Peter A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-0580 Eradat, Herbert A Kenderian, Saad S Kharfan-Dabaja, Mohamed A https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7394-5185 Shah, Nirav N https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-1071 Solomon, Scott R Stephens, Deborah M Ermann, Daniel A Arnason, Jon E Deol, Abhinav https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-8871 Feldman, Tatyana A Andreadis, Charalambos Babis Ghosh, Monalisa Ma, Shuo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-5486 Schuster, Stephen J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-8978 Gergis, Usama https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0656-7385 Vose, Julie M https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1015-7434 Soumerai, Jacob D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3062-6819 van Besien, Koen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-6211 Tuazon, Sherilyn A Perna, Serena K Ou, San-San Ananthakrishnan, Revathi Rane, Neha Papp, Eniko Ansari, Sahar Thompson, Ethan G Okal, Abood Peiser, Leanne Chen, Yizhe https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-6709 Sengupta, Sanhita https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9469-5061 Ray, Pradipta Ranjan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-4201 Wang, Jixian Siddiqi, Tanya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5292-8298 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sz3j28x 71 | FINAL ANALYSIS OF FIXED‐DURATION IBRUTINIB + VENETOCLAX FOR CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL)/SMALL LYMPHOCYTIC LYMPHOMA (SLL) IN THE PHASE 2 CAPTIVATE STUDY https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9sz3j28x Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ghia, P Barr, PM Allan, JN Siddiqi, T Tedeschi, A Kipps, TJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 O'Brien, SM Jacobs, R Badoux, XC Trentin, L Lasica, M Carney, D Camburn, A Elinder Serna, J de la Szafer‐Glusman, E Neuenburg, JK Szoke, A Dean, JP Wierda, WG Tam, CS https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pg871pz Outcomes in High-Risk Subgroups After Fixed-Duration Ibrutinib (Ibr) plus Venetoclax (Ven) for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL): Up to 5.5 Years of Follow-Up in the Phase 2 CAPTIVATE Study https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9pg871pz Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wierda, William G Jacobs, Ryan Barr, Paul M Allan, John N Siddiqi, Tanya Tedeschi, Alessandra Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 O'Brien, Susan M Badoux, Xavier C Visentin, Andrea Lasica, Masa Carney, Dennis Camburn, Anna Elinder De la Serna, Javier Szafer-Glusman, Edith Zhou, Cathy Szoke, Anita Dean, James P Ghia, Paolo Tam, Constantine S https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nt6q31j A phase II study of the combination of rituximab and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor as treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nt6q31j Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Strati, Paolo Tong, Wei-Gang Vitale, Candida Wierda, William G O’Brien, Susan Brown, Jennifer R Weng, Wen-Kai Kipps, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Keating, Michael J Ferrajoli, Alessandra https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bp38306 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are essentially different manifestations of the same disease that are similarly managed. A number of molecular and cytogenetic variables with prognostic implications have been identified. Undetectable minimal residual disease at the end of treatment with chemoimmunotherapy or venetoclax-based combination regimens is an independent predictor of improved survival among patients with previously untreated or relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL. The selection of treatment is based on the disease stage, presence or absence of del(17p) or TP53 mutation, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region mutation status, patient age, performance status, comorbid conditions, and the agent's toxicity profile. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with CLL/SLL. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bp38306 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wierda, William G Brown, Jennifer Abramson, Jeremy S Awan, Farrukh Bilgrami, Syed F Bociek, Greg Brander, Danielle Cortese, Matthew Cripe, Larry Davis, Randall S Eradat, Herbert Fakhri, Bita Fletcher, Christopher D Gaballa, Sameh Hamid, Muhammad Saad Hill, Brian Kaesberg, Paul Kahl, Brad Kamdar, Manali Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Ma, Shuo Mosse, Claudio Nakhoda, Shazia Parikh, Sameer Schorr, Andrew Schuster, Stephen Seshadri, Madhav Siddiqi, Tanya Stephens, Deborah M Thompson, Meghan Ujjani, Chaitra Valdez, Riccardo Wagner-Johnston, Nina Woyach, Jennifer A Sundar, Hema Dwyer, Mary https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97j573xw Aerosol-Ice-Cloud Interactions in a Perturbed Parameter Ensemble https://escholarship.org/uc/item/97j573xw Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Duran, Brandon M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5427-8700 Lutsko, Nicholas J Wall, Casey J https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96b5r70w PURPOSE: This phase Ib dose-escalation/expansion trial (NCT03400176) enrolled patients with CLL who did not achieve a complete response (CR) with ibrutinib or had developed resistance mutations.&nbsp;Ianalumab (VAY736), an anti-B cell-activating factor receptor monoclonal antibody, combined with ibrutinib significantly improved survival and reduced tumor burden in preclinical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) models. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received intravenous ianalumab (escalation: 0.3-9.0 mg/kg; expansion: 3.0 mg/kg) once every 2 weeks and continued ibrutinib (420 mg) once daily for up to eight cycles of 28 days. The study aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, recommended dose, and antitumor activity of this combination. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients were treated (escalation: n = 15; expansion: n = 24). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Of the 39 patients, 38.5% were in CR or CR with incomplete marrow recovery at cycle 9 (C9). At C9 day 1, 17 patients... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96b5r70w Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Rogers, Kerry A Yan, Pearlly Flinn, Ian W Stephens, Deborah M Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Larson, Sarah M Martz, Laura Chen, Xi Wang, Huabao Hopping, Ethan Bundschuh, Ralf Turkoglu, Altan Lozanski, Gerard McGarry, Carolyn Acosta, Alexandra Sechaud, Romain Baldoni, Daniela Chaudhury, Anwesha Whalen, Jeanne Hassounah, Nadia B Orwitz, Nina Otero, Javier Woo, Janghee Byrd, John C https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xv8m1mq Ibrutinib Efficacy Across Subgroups of Patients With High-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Systematic Literature Review https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8xv8m1mq Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Allan, John N Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Bokun, Alex Maegawa, Rodrigo O'Brien, Susan M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w64p2d2 The development of hypothermia in trauma patients is considered a significant risk factor for increased complications and mortality. However, hypothermia commonly arises in the prehospital environment from injury, anesthesia, ambient temperature, and administration of cold fluids. In this setting, management of hemorrhage becomes increasingly difficult, as hypothermia contributes to greater transfusion requirements, which can exacerbate trauma-induced coagulopathy. Given the critical need for resuscitative fluids that remain effective under these conditions, the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the existing resuscitative solutions including packed red blood cells (pRBCs) and fresh plasma (FP), and a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) during a hypothermic hypovolemic shock. HBOCs are of particular interest in this study because of their robust storage stability and oxygen-carrying capacity, which may offer logistical advantages in austere environments.... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w64p2d2 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Martinez, Jacinda Munoz, Carlos Muller, Cynthia Cabrales, Pedro https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kw010r1 This study presents a reconfigurable retinomorphic infrared imager that can be electrically switched between two complementary modes: a motion mode that delivers streamlined spiking outputs for efficient motion tracking and a static mode that integrates charge to capture high-fidelity images. Mode selection is achieved at the device level by tuning the variable resistance in a photocapacitor-transistor architecture. This work also establishes measurement guidelines for time-derivative sensors to evaluate rate-dependent detection limits. To demonstrate scalability and integration capability, 8 × 8 pixel arrays are fabricated and integrated with silicon integrated circuits, enabling spatiotemporal imaging in dual modes. This device-level approach reduces circuit overhead traditionally required for multimodal operation and offers a compact configuration for lowering energy consumption and facilitating high-density integration in next-generation vision systems. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8kw010r1 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kim, Woojo Xia, Zihan Zhao, Tianyu Gupta, Sanyukta Datta Oh, Soong Ju Azoulay, Jason D Kang, Mingu Ng, Tse Nga https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hv4w1ct Background: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are considered the gold standard long-term treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) as they have a range of health and psycho-social benefits. Sudden reduction or interruptions in MOUD can have both immediate and long-term consequences for patients. We sought to qualitatively examine the impact of the prolonged closure of Mexico's main methadone production facility (<i>Psicofarma</i>) in 2023 on MOUD patients in Tijuana, Mexico. Methods: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 MOUD patients in Tijuana, Mexico, from May to August 2023. We transcribed interviews and translated them from Spanish to English for analysis. Our analysis followed a thematic and narrative approach, and code congruency was found by consensus. Analytic and narrative memos provided the foundation for the ultimate findings. Findings: The closure of <i>Psicofarma</i> resulted in a sudden stoppage in MOUD for participants. While some were... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8hv4w1ct Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Bórquez, Annick Goldshear, Jesse Lloyd Muñoz-Mina, Sheryl Tornez, Arturo Vera, Alicia Harvey Mora, María Elena Medina Rangel, Gudelia Strathdee, Steffanie A https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ft8x9jc Background: Ethical and professional pharmacy practice is fundamental to supporting patient safety and trust. Despite advances in Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP), evidence from developing systems indicates gaps in ethical performance. This study aimed to assess the ethical dimensions of community pharmacists' practice in Jordan from the public's perspective, focusing on counseling quality, privacy, autonomy, and fairness. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 710 community pharmacy clients across Jordan using a validated questionnaire measured five ethical domains and an attitude scale. Composite scores for patient satisfaction, ethical conduct, and pharmacist attitude were calculated. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to identify demographic predictors. Results: Participants were predominantly female (57.9%) and from central Jordan (69.6%). Mean domain scores were: history-taking (51.3 ± 34.3), counseling (60.3 ± 29.6), privacy (67.8 ± 26.1),... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8ft8x9jc Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jarad, Ola F Hasan, Hisham E Khabour, Omar F Alzoubi, Karem H Al-Delaimy, Wael K https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8292-0510 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cc7m7qw Final Analysis of the RESONATE-2 Study: up to 10 Years of Follow-Up of First-Line Ibrutinib Treatment in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8cc7m7qw Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Burger, Jan Barr, Paul Robak, Tadeusz Owen, Carolyn Tedeschi, Alessandra Sarma, Anita Patten, Piers EM Grosicki, Sebastian McCarthy, Helen Offner, Fritz Szafer-Glusman, Edith Zhou, Cathy Szoke, Anita Neumayr, Lynne Dean, James P Ghia, Paolo Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80n8c90n Ofatumumab monotherapy in fludarabine-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: final results from a pivotal study https://escholarship.org/uc/item/80n8c90n Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Österborg, Anders Jewell, Roxanne C Padmanabhan-Iyer, Swami Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Mayer, Jiří Stilgenbauer, Stephan Williams, Cathy D Hellmann, Andrzej Furman, Richard R Robak, Tadeusz Hillmen, Peter Trnêný, Marek Dyer, Martin JS Piotrowska, Magdalena Kozak, Tomas Gupta, Ira V Phillips, Jennifer L Goldstein, Nancy Struemper, Herbert Losic, Nedjad Lisby, Steen Wierda, William G https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wp937nb TPS7088 Background: Treatment options for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) can be limited if patients do not respond to both Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors (BCL2is). Nemtabrutinib is a once-daily, potent, noncovalent, reversible BTKi with a distinct kinase profile that inhibits BTK and other B-cell receptor relevant kinases. The multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 BELLWAVE-003 study (NCT04728893) is designed to evaluate nemtabrutinib at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) in participants with R/R CLL/SLL, Richter transformation, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Cohort J will evaluate nemtabrutinib in participants with R/R CLL/SLL who are relapsed/refractory to both a BTKi and BCL2i. Methods: Key eligibility criteria for cohort J include participants aged ≥18 years with CLL/SLL whose... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7wp937nb Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kipps, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Awan, Farrukh Tauseef Eichhorst, Barbara Herishanu, Yair Jurczak, Wojciech Lavie, David Martinez-Calle, Nicolas Masszi, Andras Owen, Carolyn Poulsen, Christian Schneider, Christof Xu, Yan Yang, Jing Farooqui, Mohammed Zulfiqar Husain Kothari, Jaimal https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q6637b4 Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) fill coverage holes as wireless relays during emergency situations. Fixed-wing UAVs offer longer flight duration and larger coverage in such situations than rotary-wing counterparts. Maximizing the effectiveness of fixed-wing UAV relay systems requires careful tuning of system and flight parameters. This process is challenging because factors including flight trajectory, timeshare, and user scheduling are not easily optimized. In this paper, we propose an optimization for UAV-based wireless relaying networks based on a setup which is applicable to arbitrary spatial user positions. In the setup, a fixed-wing UAV flies over a circular trajectory and relays data from ground users in a coverage hole to a distant base station (BS). Our optimization iteratively maximizes the average achievable spectral efficiency (SE) for the UAV trajectory, user scheduling, and relay timeshare. The simulation results show that our optimization is effective for varying... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7q6637b4 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Bonkowsky, Daniel T Kilinc, Ibrahim Heath, Robert W https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7k83c721 Abstract The HL-3 tokamak program addresses critical challenges in developing integrated high-performance scenarios compatible with power exhaust demands for ITER and future reactors. Through systematic facility enhancements including auxiliary heating upgrades to 19.5 MW and AI-enabled control systems achieving 95.5% disruption avoidance, HL-3 finished a new round of exploration and validation for high-performance operation and power exhaust solution. Experiments at mega-ampere plasma currents demonstrated a reactor-relevant hot-ion regime with core ion temperatures exceeding 10 keV and a fusion triple product of . High normalized beta scenarios featuring internal and double transport barriers were successfully established. To address the compatibility of the plasma boundary, various small- or no-edge localized mode (ELM) regimes were achieved, including the enhanced D-alpha (EDA) H-mode, quiescent H-mode (QH-mode), and the quasi continuous exhaust (QCE) regime. Investigations... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7k83c721 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zhong, Wulyu Ji, Xiao Quan Chen, Wei Bai, Xingyu Becoulet, Alain Bucalossi, Jerome B Chen, Zhe Chen, Shaoyong Chen, Zhipeng Chen, Yihang Conway, Neil Delpech, Lena Diamond, Patrick H https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-2604 Du, Hailong Ekedahl, Annika FAN, Dongmei Gao, Jinming Garcia, Jeronimo Gribov, Yuri Guo, Weixin Guo, zhipku Hao, Guangzhou Harrison, James R Huang, Mei Huynh, Philippe Isobe, Mitsutaka Imadera, K Jiang, Min Kamada, Yutaka Kim, Sun Hee King, Damian Kishimoto, Yasuaki Liang, Anshu Liu, Xiaolong Li, B Li, Jiaxian Loarte, Alberto Militello, Fulvio Morita, Shigeru Nagasaki, Kazunobu Nie, Lin Ogawa, Kunihiro Schneider, Mireille Shi, Zhongbing Sun, Tengfei Rimini, Fernanda Sun, Hongjuan Wang, Yingqiao Wang, Xiaogang Wei, Huiling Wu, Na Xiao, Guoliang Xue, Guanqun Xue, Lei Xu, Xin Yang, Zongyu Yu, Peixuan Yu, Yi Yuan, Boda Zhang, Feng Zhang, Junzhao Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yipo Zheng, Xue Zou, Xiao Lan Zhu, yiren Xu, Min Duan, Xuru Liu, Yong Zhang, libo Liu, ye https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cj2g4t1 Abstract Introduction: Nemtabrutinib is a once daily, noncovalent, reversible Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) that targets BTK and other kinases involved in B-cell receptor signaling. Analysis of nemtabrutinib-treated cell lines using next-generation sequencing showed a lack of mutation in BTK and PLCγ2, in contrast with other covalent and noncovalent BTKi such as ibrutinib and pirtobrutinib, respectively (Qi et al, Blood Adv, 2023). Nemtabrutinib has also demonstrated preclinical activity across a panel of BTK mutant cells lines carrying both C481 and non-C481 mutations derived from participants (pts) treated with pirtobrutinib, like T474I and L528W (Wang et al, NEJM, 2022). Moreover, nemtabrutinib has also shown activity in preclinical models with high-risk mutations such as TP53 (Sartori et al, Mol Ther, 2023), supporting its potential as a therapeutic option in BTKi-resistant and genetically high-risk B cell malignancies. In this exploratory analysis we present data... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7cj2g4t1 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kipps, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Perini, Guilherme Lavie, David Bigni, Ricardo Navarro-Bailón, Almudena Benjamini, Ohad Fineman, Riva Schneider, Christof Assouline, Sarit Owen, Carolyn Masszi, Andras Dupont, Juan Edmondson, Mackenzie Chen, Cai Cristescu, Razvan Myer, Nicole Xu, Yan Yang, Jing Farooqui, Mohammed ZH Jurczak, Wojciech https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7260g7f2 Survival adjusting for crossover: phase 3 study of ibrutinib vs. chlorambucil in older patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7260g7f2 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Coutre, Steven Tedeschi, Alessandra Robak, Tadeusz Barr, Paul M Owen, Carolyn Bairey, Osnat Burger, Jan Zhou, Cathy Styles, Lori James, Danelle F Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71j500pj PD04-10 PRE-CLINICAL STUDIES TO ADVANCE ZILOVERTAMAB-BASED ANTI-ROR1 DUAL SPECIFICITY CAR T-CELL THERAPY FOR METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/71j500pj Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Jamieson, Christina Murtadha, Jamillah Oh, Christopher S Muldong, Michelle Koutouan, Evodie Kim, JongWook Etemadfard, Niloofar Choo, Hae Soo Sinha, Navyaa Pineda, Gabriel Lennon, Kathleen Wu, Christina N Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Jamieson, Catriona Kane, Christopher Mckay, Rana Gaasterland, Terry Kulidjian, Anna Prussak, Charles Cacalano, Nicholas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70z4f93s Abstract Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors 1 and 2 (ROR1 and ROR2) are oncoembryonic antigens aberrantly expressed on hairy cell leukemia (HCL) B cells and various other cancers, but absent from healthy B cells and postpartum tissues. We generated novel, glycoengineered monoclonal antibodies—GE-zilovertamab (anti-ROR1) and GE-6E6 (anti-ROR2)—by removing core fucose residues from the Fc regions of their parental humanized IgG1 antibodies, zilovertamab (UC-961/cirmtuzumab) and 6E6, respectively. To assess their immunotherapeutic potential, we engineered the CD20+ B cell leukemia MEC1 cell line to stably express either ROR1 or ROR2, generating MEC1-ROR1 and MEC1-ROR2 cell lines. Co-culture of these targets with Jurkat-Lucia™ NFAT-CD16A (V158) reporter cells and antibody treatments revealed that glycoengineered antibodies (GE-zilovertamab and GE-6E6), but not their parental antibodies, robustly triggered luminescence activity in NFAT-CD16 cells in an antigen-specific... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/70z4f93s Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hasan, Md Kamrul Widhopf, George Kipps, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r827309 ABSTRACT We evaluated the effects of regional environment and body size on the nutritional traits of five small pelagic species differing in habitat use, feeding behavior, and importance as prey for top predators in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME). Northern anchovy ( Engraulis mordax ), bigfin lanternfish ( Symbolophorus californiensis ), market squid ( Doryteuthis opalescens ), and boreal clubhook squid ( Onychoteuthis borealijaponica ) were collected in the summer of 2021 in the northern and southern CCLME. Energy density (ED), lipid, and protein content (% wet weight) were calculated for each specimen via bomb calorimetry and proximate composition analysis. Energy values from the two methods were highly correlated. Bayesian linear modeling revealed that while environmental conditions (sea surface temperature, chlorophyll‐ a , and upwelling) differed significantly between northern and southern CCLME, nutritional value did not vary significantly by... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6r827309 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Krug‐MacLeod, Alana M Gleiber, Miram R Portner, Elan J Choy, C Anela Daly, Elizabeth A Hardy, Natasha A Crowder, Larry B Green, Stephanie J https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pz9n0j6 Abstract: This article examines the reality of “let the adjudicator judge” by investigating how Chinese judges are held accountable&nbsp;for their judgments under the expanded ex post case review system. We examine the first three years of the implementation of this headline initiative in a grassroots court (Court T) located in a major city in China. Our data include the internal quarterly reports produced by the court’s case review committee and interviews with judges. The assessments went beyond legal analysis, commenting on matters such as work ethic, diligence and moral sensibilities. Frontline judges view the review system as subjective and arbitrary. The new mechanism, however, alters the power dynamics between senior judges and their subordinates. While frontline judges no longer require pre-approval from senior judges, they rely on the goodwill of those same seniors to navigate the review process. Within this ostensibly freer framework, frontline judges... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pz9n0j6 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ng, Kwai Hang Chan, Peter CH https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p6733z2 Natural products have an unparalleled track record as sources of clinical drugs. Among them, nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) stand as one of the most therapeutically significant classes, encompassing numerous approved anti-infective and anticancer agents. Yet, discovering bioactive NRPs remains profoundly challenging due to their complex biosynthesis and chemical architecture. Here, we present NPDiscover, a pathogen-oriented, scalable bioinformatics platform that integrates genome mining, metabolomics, and machine learning to identify NRPs active against drug-resistant pathogens. Applying NPDiscover to Actinobacteria datasets, we discovered edaphochelin A, a previously unreported NRP that kills multi-drug-resistant Candida auris and Candida glabrata by disrupting respiratory chain proteins. Structural elucidation via nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry, alongside in vitro and in vivo validation, confirmed its efficacy, safety, and a mode of action distinct from existing... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6p6733z2 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Behsaz, Bahar Adduri, Abhinav Guler, Mustafa Mohamed, Osama G Caraballo-Rodríguez, Andrés Mauricio Chaudhary, Nirmal K Krummenacher, Benjamin Miller, Cameron Liu, Sitong Zamith-Miranda, Daniel Couvillion, Sneha P Schultz, Pamela J Broders, Kirk Sherman, David H Nakayasu, Ernesto S Nosanchuk, Joshua D Dorrestein, Pieter C Clement, Jason Tripathi, Ashootosh Mohimani, Hosein https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6405r25k Retreatment with venetoclax and rituximab following disease progression while off therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6405r25k Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Brander, Danielle M Roberts, Andrew W Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Ma, Shuo Anderson, Mary Ann Boyer, Michelle Blombery, Piers Popovic, Relja Roser, Jordan Liu, Zhuangzhuang Chyla, Brenda Seymour, John F https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sn434rt Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is selectively expressed on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells and certain cancers, but is absent from normal B cells and healthy adult tissues. GE-zilovertamab, an afucosylated anti-ROR1 IgG1 antibody, is engineered to increase FcγRIIIA binding and thereby enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Co-culture assays were performed using CLL cell lines (MEC1, MEC1-ROR1) and primary CLL cells with Jurkat-Lucia™ NFAT-CD16, NK, or peripheral blood mononuclear cell effectors. Treatments included the anti-CD20 mAb rituximab, anti-ROR1 mAbs (GE-zilovertamab, zilovertamab), and the endocytosis inhibitor prochlorperazine, and ADCC was quantified. GE-zilovertamab showed significantly higher ADCC than its parental antibody and activity that was comparable to that of rituximab. We find that the endocytosis inhibitor prochlorperazine further increased this effect. GE-zilovertamab is a promising next-generation immunotherapeutic... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5sn434rt Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Hasan, Kamrul Widhopf, George Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mc4r32p ABSTRACT: Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and HCL variant (HCLv) are distinct, rare, and chronic splenic B-cell lymphomas/leukemias that partially overlap in clinicopathologic presentation but differ in genetic basis, prognosis, and management. HCL is caused by the BRAF-V600E kinase-activating mutation in &gt;95% of the patients, usually has excellent responses to chemotherapy with purine analogues, and is also amenable to BRAF inhibitor-based targeted treatments. In contrast, HCLv lacks BRAFV600E mutation, requires combined therapy with purine analogues in addition to rituximab, and generally shows less durable responses. Here, an international team of hematologists, experts on these rare diseases, was convened by the Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation to update the previous guidelines (published in 2017) by providing a summary of current methods to diagnose and manage patients with HCL and HCLv as well as a prospective on newer targeted therapies to further improve outcomes. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mc4r32p Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zent, Clive S Tiacci, Enrico Kreitman, Robert J Tadmor, Tamar Tallman, Martin S Wörmann, Bernhard Andritsos, Leslie A Arons, Evgeny Banerji, Versha Barrientos, Jacqueline C Bhat, Seema A Blachly, James S Broccoli, Alessandro Call, Timothy G Dearden, Claire Demeter, Judit Dietrich, Sascha El-Sharkawi, Dima Fagarasanu, Andrei Falini, Brunangelo Forconi, Francesco Gerrie, Alina S Gladstone, Douglas E Gozzetti, Alessandro Hampel, Paul J Hermel, David J Iyengar, Sunil Johnston, James B Juliusson, Gunnar Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Lauria, Francesco Lozanski, Gerard Parikh, Sameer A Park, Jae H Polliack, Aaron Quest, Graeme Rai, Kanti Ravandi, Farhad Robak, Tadeusz Rogers, Kerry A Saven, Alan Seymour, John F Tam, Constantine S Troussard, Xavier Zenz, Thorsten Zinzani, Pier Luigi Grever, Michael R https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xs3d43n Adolescent mental health concerns surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, but whether the pandemic amplified pre-existing genetic vulnerabilities remains unclear. This study examined how shared genetic liability for eight psychiatric disorders interacted with adolescent mental health during the pandemic. Using genomic structural equation modeling, we identified four latent genetic factors: Compulsive, Psychotic, Neurodevelopmental, and Internalizing. We computed corresponding polygenic risk scores (PRS) in 10,374 participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study© across five waves and modeled on 20 psychopathology outcomes using longitudinal mixed models, stratified by sex and ancestry. Among European-ancestry adolescents, each 1 standard deviation increase in neurodevelopmental or internal PRS was associated with a 3–21% increase in most psychopathologies. Pandemic periods were linked to significant increases in parent-reported withdrawn/depressed, rule-breaking,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4xs3d43n Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Shao, Lucy Ahern, Jonathan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0115-4527 Loughnan, Robert Xu, Bohan Baker, Holly E Tapert, Susan F Baker, Fiona C Thompson, Wesley K Kiss, Orsolya Müller-Oehring, Eva M Gombert-Labedens, Marie Fan, Chun Chieh https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4v58p2ct Hypogammaglobulinemia is common in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Prior studies demonstrated that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) reduced infections without survival benefit. We conducted a single-institution retrospective cohort study of infectious outcomes in patients with CLL who received IVIG between 2005 and 2022 to assess the impact of IVIG across evolving CLL treatment paradigms, including the introduction of targeted agents. Fifty-two patients met the inclusion criteria of IVIG use for hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections, with also any infection up to 1 year prior to the initiation of IVIG. Baseline mean IgG prior to IVIG was 389 mg/dL (range, 93-891 mg/dL). By design, all 52 patients (100%) experienced at least one CTCAE grade ≥2 infection in the 12 months prior to IVIG initiation. In the 12 months following IVIG initiation, only 17 patients (33%) experienced a grade ≥2 infection. IVIG therapy was associated with a 67% reduction in risk... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4v58p2ct Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Shah, Nirja N Patel, Tulsi Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Choi, Michael Y https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4042809b With the overdose crisis continuing to pose significant challenges in North America, harm reduction strategies are critical for public health systems to reduce mortality and morbidity. Despite the considerable strides in harm reduction research, high-quality evidence for decision-making is limited. This is compounded by a variation in reported outcomes, drug supply, administration changes, and policy and social impacts, which further challenge researchers and practitioners in their efforts to implement effective, nimble harm reduction interventions. Adoption of common data elements (CDEs) and common outcome measures (COMs) helps researchers standardize and enhance data collection and outcome reporting, ultimately improving the comparability and generalizability of research findings. To accelerate the pace and use of CDEs, members of the NIDA HEAL Research on Interventions for Stability and Engagement (RISE) engaged in prospective semantic harmonization and consensus on CDEs and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4042809b Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Saavedra, Lissette M Christopher, Mia C Illei, Dora Kral, Alex H Ray, Bradley Zibbell, Jon E Wagner, Karla D Borquez, Annick Jordan, Ayana Seal, David Cerdá, Magdalena Mackesy-Amiti, Mary Ellen Wilson, J Deanna Pho, Mai T Behrends, Czarina Navos Hassan, Hira Tomko, Catherine Oga, Emmanuel Cance, Jessica D https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zq123k7 In open ocean systems, trawling with nets remains one of the most common methods for measuring animal biomass in a volume of seawater, calculated as distance traveled multiplied by net mouth area. The effective distance traveled by the net can be measured using a flowmeter, but in the absence of a flowmeter is often estimated as the distance traveled by the trawling vessel. Studies that do not use a flowmeter to quantify trawling effort assume that the rate at which water flows into the net (flow rate) is constant within and among trawls. Similarly, studies that cannot directly measure net mouth area assume its variability is negligible. However, assumptions of constant flow rate and net mouth area are rarely scrutinized and their impacts on volume estimates are poorly understood, especially across sampling depths. We tested these assumptions using a 10 m2 Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) and observed ~ 10% variability in both flow rate and... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3zq123k7 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Portner, Elan J Chavarry, Julia M Soares, Saulo M Choy, C Anela https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bc7p568 Many modern problems in data science involve data that is fundamentally measure-valued. In these situations, natural questions arise about how one should perform standard tasks from machine learning and numerical analysis. The tools of optimal transport point to intuitive analogs of these tasks by viewing the measures themselves as single points on the Wasserstein manifold. Then, by computing optimal transport maps from a fixed reference, we can embed each measure into a common linear space (the tangent space of the Wasserstein manifold at the fixed reference), which allows us to apply out-of-the-box methods on the embeddings. When the data is static, these methods can be used to build classifiers, generate new measures from particular classes, efficiently compute clusters, and produce visualizations via dimension reduction. In this dissertation, we extend this technique of ``linearized optimal transport'' to the case where our measure-valued data is evolving in time. In this... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3bc7p568 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Karris, Nicholas https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3567t65k Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and BCL2 inhibitor (BCL2i)-containing regimens significantly improve survival outcomes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Results from randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that time-limited treatment with BCL2i-containing regimens resulted in higher rates of undetectable measurable residual disease (uMRD) than BTKi monotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy (CIT). Pirtobrutinib (a noncovalent BTKi) and lisocabtagene maraleucel (CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy) are newer options for relapsed or refractory disease after prior therapy with BTKi and BCL2i-contining regimens. Histologic transformation of CLL/SLL to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter transformation) is associated with a poor prognosis. Molecular analysis to determine whether there is clonal relationship between CLL/SLL and transformed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is useful to select an appropriate treatment option. These... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3567t65k Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Wierda, William G Brown, Jennifer Abramson, Jeremy S Awan, Farrukh Bociek, Greg Boyer, Daniel Cortese, Matthew Cripe, Larry D'Angelo, Christopher Darnell, Elijah Davis, Randall S Eradat, Herbert Esteghamat, Naseem Fitzgerald, Lindsey Fletcher, Christopher D Gaballa, Sameh Huntington, Scott Kahl, Brad Kamdar, Manali Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Ma, Shuo Mosse, Claudio A Nakhoda, Shazia Parikh, Sameer A Riedell, Peter Schorr, Andrew Schuster, Stephen Seshadri, Madhav Shanafelt, Tait Siddiqi, Tanya Sitlinger, Andrea Thompson, Meghan Ujjani, Chaitra Wagner-Johnston, Nina Woyach, Jennifer A Dwyer, Mary Sundar, Hema https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34s850x0 Identification of Pathogenic&nbsp;<em>PKHD1</em>&nbsp;Variants in Infants with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease from the Dhofar Region, Oman https://escholarship.org/uc/item/34s850x0 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Al Alawi, Intisar Al Awadi, Maha Al Awaid, Fatma Pillai, Joshua Sampson, Matthew Arcila Galvis, Juliana Al Maimani, Ashwaq Al Hashmi, Zainab Sayer, John https://escholarship.org/uc/item/30f2h3md Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) and venetoclax are currently used to treat newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). However, most patients eventually develop resistance to these therapies, underscoring the need for effective new therapies. We report results of the phase 1 dose-escalation portion of the multicenter, open-label, phase 1/2 TRANSCEND CLL 004 (NCT03331198) study of lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), an autologous CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL. Patients with standard- or high-risk features treated with ≥3 or ≥2 prior therapies, respectively, including a BTKi, received liso-cel at 1 of 2 dose levels (50 × 106 or 100 × 106 CAR+ T cells). Primary objectives included safety and determining recommended dose; antitumor activity by 2018 International Workshop on CLL guidelines was exploratory. Minimal residual disease (MRD)... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/30f2h3md Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Siddiqi, Tanya Soumerai, Jacob D Dorritie, Kathleen A Stephens, Deborah M Riedell, Peter A Arnason, Jon E Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Gillenwater, Heidi H Gong, Lucy Yang, Lin Ogasawara, Ken Thorpe, Jerill Wierda, William George https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zr91565 Abstract Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) experience variable clinical course and duration of therapeutic response. While prior studies have shown that specific genetic drivers can shape leukemia growth kinetics and influence the natural course of CLL, the longitudinal patterns and genetic determinants of clonal evolution underlying response and resistance to time-limited therapies are not fully defined. To address this, we performed longitudinal analyses of 107 patients treated with time-limited frontline CLL therapies, either chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy (CIT, n=62), or fixed-duration venetoclax-obinutuzumab (VO, n=30) or ibrutinib-venetoclax (IV, n=15). We combined quarterly monitoring of measurable residual disease (MRD) levels with genetic characterization of CLL from blood samples collected serially before and during therapy, at MRD sampling time points after therapy, and at clinical relapse. A median of 6 samples were genetically characterized per... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2zr91565 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kwok, Marwan Johnson, Connor Tausch, Eugen Li, Liang Stewart, Chip Cibulskis, Carrie Pollock, Sam van Vliet, Johanna Dao, Fanny Gohil, Satyen Lee, Madison Danysh, Brian Schilhabel, Anke Robrecht, Sandra Zapatka, Marc Ghia, Emanuela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-6106 Rassenti, Laura Freeman, Lita Bhavsar, Erica Itsara, Andy Al-Sawaf, Othman Allan, John Furman, Richard Landau, Dan Avi Kipps, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Wiestner, Adrian Ritgen, Matthias Fischer, Kirsten Eichhorst, Barbara Hallek, Michael Stilgenbauer, Stephan Bozic, Ivana Leshchiner, Ignaty Getz, Gad Wu, Catherine https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tv643xd RNA splicing factor SF3B1 is one of the most recurrently mutated genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and frequently co-occurs with chromosome 13q deletion [del(13q)]. This combination is associated with poor prognosis in CLL, suggesting these lesions increase CLL aggressiveness. While del(13q) in murine B cells (minimal deleted region of 13q14 includes DLEU1, DLEU2, and miR15a-16-1; Mdr mice), but not expression of Sf3b1-K700E, drives the initiation of CLL, we hypothesize that SF3B1 mutation accelerates CLL progression. In this study, we crossed mice with a B cell-specific Sf3b1-K700E allele with Mdr mice to determine the impact of Sf3b1 mutation on CLL progression. We found that the co-occurrence of these 2 lesions in murine B cells caused acceleration of CLL. We showed that Sf3b1-K700E impacted alternative RNA splicing of nuclear factor of activated T cells C1 (Nfatc1) and activated mTOR signaling and the MYC pathway, contributing to CLL acceleration. Moreover, concurrent... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tv643xd Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Zhang, Bo Iyer, Prajish Jin, Meiling Ten Hacken, Elisa Cartun, Zachary J Hart, Kevyn L Fernandez, Mike Stevenson, Kristen Rassenti, Laura Ghia, Emanuela M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-6106 Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Neuberg, Donna Carrasco, Ruben Chan, Wing C Song, Joo Y Hu, Yu Wu, Catherine J Wang, Lili https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc5h5qc Ibrutinib reduces obinutuzumab infusion-related reactions in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is associated with changes in plasma cytokine levels https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc5h5qc Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Lujan, Juliana Velez Lengerke-Diaz, Paula A Jacobs, Chaja Moreno-Cortes, Eider F Ramirez-Segura, Cesar A Choi, Michael Y McCarthy, Colin Heinen, Alaina Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Castro, Januario E https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d40q793 This paper presents a novel approach to forecasting U.S. presidential election outcomes by extracting market-implied probabilities from S&amp;P 500 options prices. Leveraging a structural mixture model of Black–Scholes option pricing, I quantify the jump risk premium associated with electoral uncertainty, producing dynamic, risk-neutral probability estimates for Donald Trump's 2024 victory. The option-implied probabilities demonstrate remarkable stability and closely track winning chances observed in prediction markets and public opinion polls, while offering economically grounded signals that integrate both discrete electoral events and broader market risk. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2d40q793 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Saiegh, Sebastian M https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zr7m1xv INTRODUCTION: Transgender (trans) women are disproportionately impacted by HIV, yet data on the biomedical HIV PrEP continuum (HIVPC) among trans women are limited. We characterized the HIVPC among a large, nationwide cohort of trans women in the United States and Puerto Rico by pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) modality (daily oral and long-acting injectable, LAI) and identified correlates of uptake and non-adherence. METHODS: From April 2023 to December 2024, we enrolled English and Spanish-speaking adult trans women (age 18 years or older) not living with HIV (laboratory-confirmed via fourth-generation HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody testing) and residing in the United States and Puerto Rico into the cohort. PrEP data were collected via self-administered surveys. We characterized the HIVPC using descriptive statistics and assessed for differences in proportions for each step of the HIVPC by modality. Modified Poisson regression models estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95%... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zr7m1xv Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Cooney, Erin E Poteat, Tonia C Stevenson, Meg Radix, Asa E Borquez, Annick Althoff, Keri N Linton, Sabriya Pontes, Ceza Beyrer, Chris Lint, Arianna Miller, Marissa Brown, Carter Wawrzyniak, Andrew J Brown, Carolyn A Ragone, Leigh Vannappagari, Vani Guignard, Adrienne Reisner, Sari L Wirtz, Andrea L Group, ENCORE Study https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zm941vc Background Adolescent substance use is a continued public health concern. The objective of this manuscript is to detail the prevalence of substance use, polysubstance use, and investigate sex differences in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study from ages 9-17. Methods 11,880 youth across the U.S., recruited at ages 9-10, completed annual study visits from September 2016 to January 2024. The ABCD 6.0 data release comprises baseline to year-6 data. Lifetime and annual substance use prevalence rates, sex differences, and polysubstance use are described and analyzed. Results Past-year substance use prevalence increased with age; 38% report lifetime use by age 16. Alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine were the most reported substances. There were non-significant differences observed between unweighted trends and census-weighted trends. More boys reported substance use prior to age 12, then from age 13 onward, more girls reported use. Polysubstance use analyses detail the... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zm941vc Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Sullivan, Ryan M https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9180-4909 Wallace, Alexander L Shankula, Chase A Celhay, Olivier Ziemer, Laura R Smith, Calen J Berman, Samantha Linkersdörfer, Janosch Martz, Meghan E Courtney, Kelly E https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-2435 Jacobus, Joanna Tapert, Susan F https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-6112 Heitzeg, Mary M Lisdahl, Krista M Wade, Natasha E https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9629-2305 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qd271x3 ABSTRACT: With up to 10 years of follow-up, we report results from the final analysis of RESONATE- 2, a phase 3 study of first-line ibrutinib vs chlorambucil for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). Patients aged ≥65 years with previously untreated CLL/SLL without del(17p) were randomly assigned to receive either single-agent ibrutinib (420 mg/d; n = 136) or chlorambucil (0.5-0.8 mg/kg; ≤12 cycles; n = 133). With a median follow-up of 9.6 years in the ibrutinib arm, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.9 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0 to not estimable [NE]) vs 1.3 years (95% CI, 0.9-1.6) for the chlorambucil arm. Among patients with unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (uIGHV), del (11q), mutated TP53, or complex karyotype, the median PFS was 8.4 years (95% CI, 6.8 to NE) with ibrutinib and 0.7 years (95% CI, 0.4-1.2) with chlorambucil. Median overall survival (OS) with ibrutinib was not reached. The... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1qd271x3 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Burger, Jan A Barr, Paul M Robak, Tadeusz Owen, Carolyn Tedeschi, Alessandra Sarma, Anita Patten, Piers EM Grosicki, Sebastian McCarthy, Helen Offner, Fritz Szafer-Glusman, Edith Zhou, Cathy Szoke, Anita Neumayr, Lynne Dean, James P Ghia, Paolo Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n90q0ck Analysis of anakinra therapy for the deficiency of Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist through clinical evidence https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1n90q0ck Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Pillai, Kathryn Pillai, Joshua Ling, Jun https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bq405jq PURPOSE: To evaluate demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with pediatric ophthalmology referrals from the UC San Diego (UCSD) EyeMobile, a school-based mobile vision program. METHODS: The records of children screened from 2021 to 2025 were reviewed retrospectively. Children who failed a screening received a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist. Referrals to a pediatric ophthalmologist were made for those with potentially significant ocular pathology and no established eye care provider. Socioeconomic status was assessed using the national Child Opportunity Index (COI), analyzed as continuous scores and quintiles. Referral rates were compared across quintiles using two-proportion z tests, and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with referrals. RESULTS: Of 42,166 children screened during the study period, 5,657 (14.1%) received a comprehensive examination, and 217 (0.51%) were referred to an ophthalmologist. Leading reasons... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1bq405jq Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Ramesh, Naren Legala, Akshara R Lee, Rachel Hennein, Lauren Borooah, Shyamanga Molina, Iliana https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18n2491m Phase I study of single-agent CC-292, a highly selective Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18n2491m Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Brown, Jennifer R Harb, Wael A Hill, Brian T Gabrilove, Janice Sharman, Jeff P Schreeder, Marshall T Barr, Paul M Foran, James M Miller, Thomas P Burger, Jan A Kelly, Kevin R Mahadevan, Daruka Ma, Shuo Li, Yan Pierce, Daniel W Barnett, Evelyn Marine, Jeffrey Miranda, Monika Azaryan, Ada Yu, Xujie Nava-Parada, Pilar Mei, Jay Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0v14w8c0 A scholar of blood and beauty: remembering Prof. Jacques-Louis Binet (1932–2024) https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0v14w8c0 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nc7g139 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Leukemic stem cells (LSCs), which drive disease progression and confer resistance to therapy, pose a significant challenge to conventional treatment strategies. In this study, we identified and characterized the inhibitory mechanisms of TH37, a small molecule derived from traditional Chinese medicine, which selectively targets AML blasts and LSCs. Our analyses identified peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (a reactive oxygen species), as the primary molecular target of TH37. We demonstrated that TH37 directly interacts with PRDX1, inhibiting its enzymatic activity and thereby elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in AML cells. PRDX1 was found to be overexpressed in AML, and its expression correlated with poor prognosis and the activation of AML- and cancer-associated pathways. Targeting PRDX1,... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0nc7g139 Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Li, Zhenghao Liu, Guangci Chen, Ziren Li, Keming Yu, Zhe He, Chao Ying, Xinyu Huang, Danling Tao, Chengtian Khan, Sajid Wang, Yimeng Zhang, Fang-Lin Li, Huan Chen, Yun Zhou, Jingfeng Yu, Li Kipps, Thomas J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-4549 Cheng, Yongxian Zhang, Suping https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0jr515gh BACKGROUND: The impact of changing drug use patterns on hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV incidence among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the US is understudied. METHODS: An HCV and HIV transmission model was calibrated to urban and rural area data (San Diego, CA and Central/Northern Wisconsin). Fentanyl use among PWID was assumed to increase mortality and injecting-related risk of HIV and HCV based on San Diego data. We predicted HCV/HIV incidence with recent trends (in fentanyl use, transition from injecting to smoking drugs, opiate agonist treatment (OAT) and incarceration), and scenarios with no trend changes since 2020. We calculated the population attributable fraction of fentanyl on incidence, comparing to a no fentanyl counterfactual from 2015 to 2025. RESULTS: High and increasing self-reported fentanyl use among PWID was observed in Central/Northern Wisconsin (20 % in 2018 to 45 % in 2021) and San Diego (51 % in 2021 to 66 % in 2023). Between 2015-2025, modeling suggests... https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0jr515gh Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 Martin, Natasha K Abramovitz, Daniela Eger, William H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-7313 Friedman, Joseph R Borquez, Annick Cheema, Jaskaran S Stamos-Beusig, Tara Stone, Jack Vickerman, Peter Bradley, Heather Westergaard, Ryan P Strathdee, Steffanie A