Understanding the topological structure of phase space for dynamical systems inhigher dimensions is critical for numerous applications, including transport of objects
in the solar system, systems of
uids, and charged particles in crossed magnetic
and electric elds. Many topological techniques have been developed to
study maps of two-dimensional (2D) phase spaces, but extending these techniques
to higher dimensions is often a major challenge or even impossible. One such technique,
homotopic lobe dynamics (HLD), has shown great success in analyzing the
stable and unstable manifolds of hyperbolic xed points for area-preserving maps
in two dimensions. The output of the HLD technique is a symbolic description
of the minimal underlying topology of the invariant manifolds. The present work
extends HLD to volume-preserving maps in three dimensions. We extend HLD to
systems that have equatorial heteroclinic intersections, pole-to-pole invariant circles,
and forced pole-to-pole heteroclinic intersections. In order to extend HLD to
these cases, we went through multiple computational methodologies as well shift
our perspective of manifolds in 3D. We demonstrate the power of the HLD by
applying it to increasingly complex numerical and theoretical examples.