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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (15 results)

  • Article
Contemporary Music Score Collection (2020)
This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.
    Cover page: Snowflakes
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    UCLA Women's Law Journal, Volume 14, Issue 1 (2005)
    [No abstract]
      Cover page: Ain't I a Slave: Slavery Reproductive Abuse, and Reparations
      • Thesis
      • Peer Reviewed
      UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2023)

      Children of color can be misperceived as being much older than they are. However, anecdotal evidence of this phenomenon has outpaced its empirical investigation. Utilizing a longitudinal sample of 245 children (50% assigned female at birth, 88.8% non-white), the current study examined adults’ perceptions of children’s age (APCA) over time (i.e., ages 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 years) to address questions regarding the shape of growth in APCA across childhood, predictors of growth, and how growth parameters (i.e., slope and intercept) may predict children’s educational (i.e., school grades and disciplinary actions) and socioemotional functioning (i.e., externalizing behaviors and social competence) at age 12. Four hundred adult raters provided over 15,000 ratings across more than 1,000 headshots of children from preschool to early adolescence. First, results indicated that growth in APCA proceeded linearly as perceived age ratings steadily increased with chronological age. There was also significant variation in patterns of linear change over time and estimated age values at age 12. Second, child sex assigned at birth and skin tone emerged as significant predictors of APCA over time. Adults’ overestimations of boys’ ages were greater than girls in early development (i.e., 4 to ~5.5 years), but girls were seen as older than boys in later development (i.e., ~ 5.5-12 years old). Children with darker skin tone ratings were perceived as older than those with lighter skin tones at all ages. Third, the APCA slope and intercept growth parameters did not significantly predict early adolescents’ educational and socioemotional functioning at age 12. Lastly, given the influence of pubertal status on the appearance of age, a supplementary, within-time analysis including the child’s pubertal status as a predictor of APCA at age 12 showed that the once-significant sex effect became non-significant, while the interaction between sex and skin tone became significant. Specifically, at age 12, adults rated girls with lighter skin tone as older than girls with darker skin tone, but skin tone was not related to APCA for boys. Together, these findings extend the evidentiary base for research on APCA while illuminating promising avenues for investigations of APCA in future research.

        Cover page: Adults’ Perceptions of Children’s Age: Implications for Child DevelopmentCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        UC Santa Cruz Previously Published Works (2021)
        We present three studies examining death in childrens animated films. Study 1 is a content analysis of 49 films. We found that death is often portrayed in films, but many deaths occurred off-screen. Deaths were mostly portrayed in a biologically accurate manner, but some films portrayed biological misconceptions. Study 2 (n = 433) reports on parents attitudes and parent-child conversations about death in films. Childrens questions about death in animated films were similar to their questions about death more generally. Animated films may provide a context for parent-child conversations about death, as parents often watched these films with their children. However, it appeared that few parents took advantage of this opportunity to talk about death with their children.
          Cover page: Capturing Death in Animated Films: Can Films Stimulate Parent-Child Conversations about Death?
          • Article
          • Peer Reviewed
          UC Davis Previously Published Works (2018)
          Malaria is a global health concern caused by infection with Plasmodium parasites. With rising insecticide and drug resistance, there is a critical need to develop novel control strategies, including strategies to block parasite sporogony in key mosquito vector species. MAPK signaling pathways regulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and the stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 MAPKs are highly conserved across eukaryotes, including mosquito vectors of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Some of these pathways in mosquitoes have been investigated in detail, but the mechanisms of integration of parasite development and mosquito fitness by JNK signaling have not been elucidated. To this end, we engineered midgut-specific overexpression of MAPK phosphatase 4 (MKP4), which targets the SAPKs, and used two potent and specific JNK small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) to assess the effects of JNK signaling manipulations on Anopheles stephensi fecundity, lifespan, intermediary metabolism, and P. falciparum development. MKP4 overexpression and SMI treatment reduced the proportion of P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes and decreased oocyst loads relative to controls. SMI-treated mosquitoes exhibited no difference in lifespan compared to controls, whereas genetically manipulated mosquitoes exhibited extended longevity. Metabolomics analyses of SMI-treated mosquitoes revealed insights into putative resistance mechanisms and the physiology behind lifespan extension, suggesting for the first time that P. falciparum-induced JNK signaling reduces mosquito longevity and increases susceptibility to infection, in contrast to previously published reports, likely via a critical interplay between the invertebrate host and parasite for nutrients that play essential roles during sporogonic development.
            Cover page: Inhibition of JNK signaling in the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi extends mosquito longevity and improves resistance to Plasmodium falciparum infection
            • Article
            LBL Publications (1974)
              Cover page: MEASUREMENT OF THE POLARIZATION PARAMETER FOR THE REACTION n-p ->n|n BETWEEN 1.03 AND 1.79 GeV/c
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2022)
              OBJECTIVES: Female physicians in medicine are increasing, but disparities in female authorship exist. The aim of this study was to characterise factors associated with female first (FF) and female senior (SF) authorship in later phase systemic oncological clinical trials in biliary tract cancer (BTC) and identify any changes over time. SETTING: Embase/Medline identified trial publications in BTC (2000-2020) were included. χ2 tests and log regression were used (assessed factors associated with FF and SF authorship, including changes over time (STATA V.16)). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: FF and SF authorship in later phase systemic oncological clinical trials in BTC. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Any changes over time? RESULTS: Of 501 publications, 163 met inclusion criteria. The median percentage of female author representation in publications was 25%; there were no female authors in 13% of publications. Geographic location of the home institution of the first and senior authors was Asia (42%/42%), Europe (29%/29%), USA (24%/22%) and other (4%/6%), respectively. Overall, FF and SF author representation was 20% and 10%, respectively. The median position of the first female author was second in all the publication author lists. The phase of trial, journal-impact factor, industry funding or whether the study met its primary endpoint did not impact FF/SF author representation. More SF authors had home institutions in other geographic locations (40% in 10 trials) (p=0.02) versus Asia (6%), Europe (8%) and USA (14%). There were no significant changes in FF/SF representation over time (p=0.61 and p=0.33 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: FF and SF author representation in later phase systemic clinical trial publications in BTC is low and has not changed significantly over time. The underlying reasons for this imbalance need to be better understood and addressed.
                Cover page: What is the gender representation in authorship in later phase systemic clinical trials in biliary tract cancer (BTC)? - a retrospective review of the published literature.
                • Article
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2022)
                Futibatinib, a highly selective, irreversible FGFR1-4 inhibitor, was evaluated in a large multihistology phase I dose-expansion trial that enrolled 197 patients with advanced solid tumors. Futibatinib demonstrated an objective response rate (ORR) of 13.7%, with responses in a broad spectrum of tumors (cholangiocarcinoma and gastric, urothelial, central nervous system, head and neck, and breast cancer) bearing both known and previously uncharacterized FGFR1-3 aberrations. The greatest activity was observed in FGFR2 fusion/rearrangement-positive intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ORR, 25.4%). Some patients with acquired resistance to a prior FGFR inhibitor also experienced responses with futibatinib. Futibatinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were hyperphosphatemia (81.2%), diarrhea (33.5%), and nausea (30.4%). These results formed the basis for ongoing futibatinib phase II/III trials and demonstrate the potential of genomically selected early-phase trials to help identify molecular subsets likely to benefit from targeted therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: This phase I dose-expansion trial demonstrated clinical activity and tolerability of the irreversible FGFR1-4 inhibitor futibatinib across a broad spectrum of FGFR-aberrant tumors. These results formed the rationale for ongoing phase II/III futibatinib trials in cholangiocarcinoma, breast cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, and a genomically selected disease-agnostic population.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 275.
                  Cover page: Futibatinib, an Irreversible FGFR1–4 Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Harboring FGF/FGFR Aberrations: A Phase I Dose-Expansion Study
                  • Article
                  LBL Publications (1973)
                    Cover page: A MEASUREMENT OF THE POLARIZATION PARAMETER FOR THE REACTION n-p->n|n BETWEEN 1.03 AND 1.79 GeV/e.
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2024)
                    WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT?: This summary describes the results from a phase 2 study called FOENIXCCA2. The study evaluated treatment with futibatinib in people with a rare form of advanced bile duct cancer called intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (or iCCA), where the tumors have changes in the structure of a gene called FGFR2. These changes include FGFR2 gene fusions. Bile duct cancer often returns after surgery or cannot be treated by surgery because the tumor has spread, so it requires treatment with chemotherapy. People live for a median of 1 year after their first chemotherapy treatment and 6 months after their second treatment. This study included people whose cancer had grown/spread after one or more chemotherapy treatments. The aims of the study were to see if futibatinib could shrink the size of tumors and stop the cancer from growing/spreading and to see how long people lived when treated with futibatinib. Clinicians also looked at side effects from taking futibatinib and at how it affected peoples quality of life. WHAT WERE THE RESULTS?: Futibatinib treatment shrank tumors in over 80% of people who received treatment. Tumors shrank by at least 30% in 42% of people. Futibatinib stopped tumors from growing/spreading for a median of 9.7 months. People who took the medicine lived for a median of 21.7 months, and 72% of people were still alive after 1 year. Side effects from taking futibatinib were like those reported for similar medicines, and clinicians considered the side effects to be manageable by adjusting the dose of futibatinib or treating the side effects. Most people reported that their quality of life stayed the same or improved during the first 9 months of taking futibatinib. WHAT DO THE RESULTS MEAN?: The results support the use of futibatinib for treating people with advanced bile duct cancer. Based on the results of this study, futibatinib is now approved in the US, Europe, and Japan. Futibatinib is approved for treating adults with advanced bile duct cancer who have received previous treatment for their cancer, and whose tumors have a gene fusion or other change in the FGFR2 gene.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02052778 (FOENIX-CCA2).
                      Cover page: Plain language summary of the FOENIX-CCA2 study: futibatinib for people with advanced bile duct cancer.
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