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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (10 results)

  • Article
  • Peer Reviewed
UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2010)
    Cover page: Long range transmission loss of broadband seismic pulses in the Arctic under ice-free conditions
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2016)
      Cover page: Acoustic vector sensor beamforming reduces masking from underwater industrial noise during passive monitoring
      • Article
      • Peer Reviewed
      UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2017)
        Cover page: Decadal-scale frequency shift of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2019)
          Cover page: Displaying bioacoustic directional information from sonobuoys using azigrams
          • Article
          • Peer Reviewed
          UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2012)
            Cover page: Automated detection and localization of bowhead whale sounds in the presence of seismic airgun surveys
            • Article
            • Peer Reviewed
            UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2016)
              Cover page: Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2021)
              Measurements from bottom-mounted acoustic vector sensors, deployed seasonally between 2008 and 2014 on the shallow Beaufort Sea shelf along the Alaskan North Slope, are used to estimate the ambient sound pressure power spectral density, acoustic transport velocity of energy, and dominant azimuth between 25 and 450 Hz. Even during ice-free conditions, this region has unusual acoustic features when compared against other U.S. coastal regions. Two distinct regimes exist in the diffuse ambient noise environment: one with high pressure spectral density levels but low directionality, and another with lower spectral density levels but high directionality. The transition between the two states, which is invisible in traditional spectrograms, occurs between 73 and 79 dB re 1 μPa2/Hz at 100 Hz, with the transition region occurring at lower spectral levels at higher frequencies. Across a wide bandwidth, the high-directionality ambient noise consistently arrives from geographical azimuths between 0° and 30° from true north over multiple years and locations, with a seasonal interquartile range of 40° at low frequencies and high transport velocities. The long-term stability of this directional regime, which is believed to arise from the dominance of wind-driven sources along an east–west coastline, makes it an important feature of arctic ambient sound.
                Cover page: Measurements of open-water arctic ocean noise directionality and transport velocity
                • Article
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2021)
                  Cover page: Automated two-dimensional localization of underwater acoustic transient impulses using vector sensor image processing (vector sensor localization)
                  • Article
                  • Peer Reviewed
                  UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2020)

                  Over 500 000 automated and manual acoustic localizations, measured over seven years between 2008 and 2014,

                  were used to examine how natural wind-driven noise and anthropogenic seismic airgun survey noise influence bowhead

                  whale call densities (calls/km2/min) and source levels during their fall migration in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea.

                  Noise masking effects, which confound measurements of behavioral changes, were removed using a modified point

                  transect theory. The authors found that mean call densities generally rose with increasing continuous wind-driven

                  noise levels. The occurrence of weak airgun pulse sounds also prompted an increase in call density equivalent to a

                  10–15 dB change in natural noise level, but call density then dropped substantially with increasing cumulative sound

                  exposure level (cSEL) from received airgun pulses. At low in-band noise levels the mean source level of the

                  acoustically-active population changed to nearly perfectly compensate for noise increases, but as noise levels

                  increased further the mean source level failed to keep pace, reducing the population’s communication space. An

                  increase of >40 dB cSEL from seismic airgun activity led to an increase in source levels of just a few decibels.

                  These results

                  Over 500 000 automated and manual acoustic localizations, measured over seven years between 2008 and 2014,

                  were used to examine how natural wind-driven noise and anthropogenic seismic airgun survey noise influence bowhead

                  whale call densities (calls/km2/min) and source levels during their fall migration in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea.

                  Noise masking effects, which confound measurements of behavioral changes, were removed using a modified point

                  transect theory. The authors found that mean call densities generally rose with increasing continuous wind-driven

                  noise levels. The occurrence of weak airgun pulse sounds also prompted an increase in call density equivalent to a

                  10–15 dB change in natural noise level, but call density then dropped substantially with increasing cumulative sound

                  exposure level (cSEL) from received airgun pulses. At low in-band noise levels the mean source level of the

                  acoustically-active population changed to nearly perfectly compensate for noise increases, but as noise levels

                  increased further the mean source level failed to keep pace, reducing the population’s communication space. An

                  increase of >40 dB cSEL from seismic airgun activity led to an increase in source levels of just a few decibels.

                  These results have implications for bowhead acoustic density estimation, and evaluations of the masking impacts of

                  danthropogenic noise

                  have implications for bowhead acoustic density estimation, and evaluations of the masking impacts of

                  anthropogenic noise

                    Cover page: Roaring and repetition: How bowhead whales adjust their call density and source level (Lombard effect) in the presence of natural and seismic airgun survey noise
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2015)
                    Intellectual disability (ID) affects approximately 1%-3% of humans with a gender bias toward males. Previous studies have identified mutations in more than 100 genes on the X chromosome in males with ID, but there is less evidence for de novo mutations on the X chromosome causing ID in females. In this study we present 35 unique deleterious de novo mutations in DDX3X identified by whole exome sequencing in 38 females with ID and various other features including hypotonia, movement disorders, behavior problems, corpus callosum hypoplasia, and epilepsy. Based on our findings, mutations in DDX3X are one of the more common causes of ID, accounting for 1%-3% of unexplained ID in females. Although no de novo DDX3X mutations were identified in males, we present three families with segregating missense mutations in DDX3X, suggestive of an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern. In these families, all males with the DDX3X variant had ID, whereas carrier females were unaffected. To explore the pathogenic mechanisms accounting for the differences in disease transmission and phenotype between affected females and affected males with DDX3X missense variants, we used canonical Wnt defects in zebrafish as a surrogate measure of DDX3X function in vivo. We demonstrate a consistent loss-of-function effect of all tested de novo mutations on the Wnt pathway, and we further show a differential effect by gender. The differential activity possibly reflects a dose-dependent effect of DDX3X expression in the context of functional mosaic females versus one-copy males, which reflects the complex biological nature of DDX3X mutations.
                      Cover page: Mutations in DDX3X Are a Common Cause of Unexplained Intellectual Disability with Gender-Specific Effects on Wnt Signaling
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