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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (10 results)

  • Article
Research Reports (2018)
As a complement to various modeling efforts around the country, we provide a brief snapshot of charging behavior in the California market based on self-reported data. This is intended to be a resource for researchers to help guide assumptions on the effect that charging access, range, commuting patterns, and housing type have on charging usage. The data are reported charging events over the last 7 days by 2830 survey respondents in June- October 2017 as part of the Advanced Plug-in Travel and Charging Behavior Project funded by the California Air Resources Board, the California Energy Commission, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, and the U.S. Department of Energy.
    Cover page: Observed Charging Rates in California
    • Article
    Research Reports (2021)

    This project creates a toolkit that run in ArcGIS and allows users to project where EV owners will live, work, and charge. There are three distinct modules: market analysis, workplace charging, and home charging presented in block group level. The tool can be updated by the MPO users to reflect new technologies and policies, and to be used by local planners using the web interface. DVRPC has uploaded the tool’s results to an ArcGIS online interface so that interested parties may use the results in their own analyses. The researchers expect these results to be useful for electric distribution companies, businesses, developers, EV charging companies, and all levels of governments in their EV planning efforts.

    View the NCST Project Webpage

      Cover page: Expanding the UC Davis GIS Electric Vehicle Planning Toolbox Beyond California: The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission Case Study
      • Article
      ITS reports (2019)
      We investigate the impacts of a combination of incentives on the purchase decisions of electric vehicle (EV) buyers in California from 2010 through 2017. We employ a comprehensive survey on over 14,000 purchasers of EVs in California. The survey covers a range of purchase intentions, general demographics, and the importance of various incentives. Our results indicate that the most important incentives for plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) owners are the federal tax credit, the state rebate, and HOV lane access. In addition, the importance of the incentives and their associated effect on purchase behaviour has been changing over time: respondents are more likely to change their decisions and to not buy a vehicle at all as time passes and the technology moves away from early adopters.
        Cover page: An Examination of the Impact That Electric Vehicle Incentives Have on Consumer Purchase Decisions Over Time
        • Article
        Policy Briefs (2021)

        Plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) are quickly moving to the broader consumer market. While the home is still the primary location for recharging these vehicles, public EV charging infrastructure at workplaces, public destinations, and along travel corridors will be critical for the continued market growth of EVs. Governments will need to ensure that sufficient charging infrastructure is available at these locations to meet future demand. Researchers at the University of California, Davis Plug-In Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Research Center previously developed a planning toolbox for public charging infrastructure based on data available in California. The toolbox is a user-friendly set of modeling tools that allows planners to anticipate the future geographic distribution of EVs and the resulting optimal locations of charging infrastructure. To date, however, the tools have only been applied in California contexts with California-specific data. For this project, the UC Davis researchers adapted the toolbox to be used outside of California, collaborating with the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission to develop a case study for using this toolbox for EV infrastructure planning in the Greater Philadelphia region. This policy brief summarizes the findings from that research and provides policy implications.

        View the NCST Project Webpage

          Cover page: Expanding the UC Davis GIS Electric Vehicle Planning Toolbox Beyond California
          • Article
          Policy Briefs (2019)
            Cover page: Incentives for Plug-in Electric Vehicles Are Becoming More Important Over Time for Consumers
            • Article
            • Peer Reviewed
            UC Santa Barbara Previously Published Works (2018)
              Cover page: Capturing the heterogeneity of urban growth in South Korea using a latent class regression model
              • Article
              Policy Briefs (2020)
              Government agencies, utilities, automakers, and charging network companies are increasingly investing in charging infrastructure to encourage the adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include both battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Public infrastructure is particularly important for those without access to home charging and for vehicles with driving range limitations. However, it is difficult to quantify the optimal number and location of public chargers needed for a growing number of PEVs. Finding the answer will depend on a mix of behavioral and economic factors that drive charging demand. Much is at stake. Too little infrastructure could cause congestion at the chargers and inhibit the adoption and use of PEVs, while developing more infrastructure than is needed would create unnecessary costs. For example, Level 2 public chargers can cost up to 15 times more than Level 2 at-home chargers. Researchers at UC Davis analyzed the choice of charging infrastructure of more than 3,000 PEV commuters who had access to home, work, and public locations to understand the importance of various factors driving demand for charging infrastructure at the three locations. Key factors include the cost of charging, driver characteristics, accessibility of charging infrastructure, and vehicle characteristics.
                Cover page: What Factors Drive Commuters’ Demand for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure?
                • Article
                ITS reports (2020)
                The public sector and the private sector, which includes automakers and charging network companies, are increasingly investing in building charging infrastructure to encourage the adoption and use of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and to ensure that current facilities are not congested. However, building infrastructure is costly and, as with road congestion, when there is significant uptake of PEVs, we may not be able to “build out of congestion.” We modelled the choice of charging location that more than 3000 PEV drivers make when given the options of home, work, and public locations. Our study focused on understanding the importance of factors driving demand such as: the cost of charging, driver characteristics, access to charging infrastructure, and vehicle characteristics. We found that differences in the cost of charging play an important role in the demand for charging location. PEV drivers tend to substitute workplace charging for home charging when they pay a higher electricity rate at home, more so when the former is free. Additionally, socio-demographic factors like dwelling type and gender, as well as vehicle technology factors like electric range, influence the choice of charging location.
                  Cover page: Factors Affecting Demand for Plug-in Charging Infrastructure: An Analysis of Plug-in Electric Vehicle Commuters
                  • Article
                  • Peer Reviewed
                  UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2023)
                  As a new enabling nanotechnology tool for wireless, target-specific, and long-distance stimulation of mechanoreceptors in vivo, here we present a hydrogel magnetomechanical actuator (h-MMA) nanoparticle. To allow both deep-tissue penetration of input signals and efficient force generation, h-MMA integrates a two-step transduction mechanism that converts magnetic anisotropic energy to thermal energy within its magnetic core (i.e., Zn0.4Fe2.6O4 nanoparticle cluster) and then to mechanical energy to induce the surrounding polymer (i.e., pNiPMAm) shell contraction, finally delivering forces to activate targeted mechanoreceptors. We show that h-MMAs enable on-demand modulation of Notch signaling in both fluorescence reporter cell lines and a xenograft mouse model, demonstrating its utility as a powerful in vivo perturbation approach for mechanobiology interrogation in a minimally invasive and untethered manner.
                    Cover page: Hydrogel Magnetomechanical Actuator Nanoparticles for Wireless Remote Control of Mechanosignaling In VivoCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2019)
                    Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles have shown great promise as next-generation imaging and perturbation probes for deciphering molecular and cellular processes. As a consequence of multicomponent integration into a single nanosystem, pre-existing nanoprobes are typically large and show limited access to biological targets present in a crowded microenvironment. Here, we apply organic-phase surface PEGylation, click chemistry, and charge-based valency discrimination principles to develop compact, modular, and monovalent magnetofluorescent nanoparticles (MFNs). We show that MFNs exhibit highly efficient labeling to target receptors present in cells with a dense and thick glycocalyx layer. We use these MFNs to interrogate the E-cadherin-mediated adherens junction formation and F-actin polymerization in a three-dimensional space, demonstrating the utility as modular and versatile mechanogenetic probes in the most demanding single-cell perturbation applications.
                      Cover page: Small, Clickable, and Monovalent Magnetofluorescent Nanoparticles Enable Mechanogenetic Regulation of Receptors in a Crowded Live-Cell Microenvironment
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