The eradication of black rats from Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO; 42 ha land mass) was completed in January 2022 through collaboration between USDA APHIS Wildlife Services and the National Park Service. Black rats had been documented throughout DRTO since the park was established in 1935. Rat predation of ground nesting birds at DRTO has included brown noddies and sooty terns. Additionally, black rats have damaged equipment and infrastructure throughout the park, and caused human health and safety issues in staff residences. For this eradication, WS chose to use a diphacinone-based rodenticide: Diphacinone-50 Conservation. Diphacinone was chosen instead of brodifacoum because it poses lower risks to non-target species (e.g., 100× less toxic to birds) and has less environmental accumulation over time. Diphacinone-50 Conservation was deployed throughout the park in bait stations placed on a 30m × 30m grid. Bait stations were baited and monitored daily for 14 days. Additionally, three hand broadcast applications were utilized during the eradication in areas of the park closed to visitors. Daily monitoring of the bait stations showed a high initial uptake of the toxicant. Also, monitoring using thermal imaging optics was used throughout the eradication to surveil bait uptake and rat activity. No rats were detected during the last four days of the eradication. Post-eradication monitoring was conducted quarterly for the first year following the eradication, and twice during the second year. Post eradication monitoring consisted of 120 snap traps and chew sachets placed throughout the park for four nights. In addition, track surveys were completed along the dune lines and thermal monitoring was conducted after dark during each monitoring period. The eradication was deemed a success in January 2024. National Park Service currently maintains a strict biosecurity plan for DRTO. This plan includes permanent bait stations and cameras placed in areas of likely reintroductions, monitoring of docking vessels, and checking cargo before distribution. Two weeks post eradication, NPS personnel observed a rat jump off a vessel onto DRTO. This rat was later found dead after consuming toxicant from the permanent bait stations. No rats have been detected at DRTO since.