Purpose of review
To discuss role of different diagnostic imaging modalities in differentiation of benign testicular masses from seminomatous germ cell tumors (SGCTs) and non-seminomatous GCTs (NSGCTs).Recent findings
New modalities of ultrasonography, including contrast enhancement and shear wave elastography, may help differentiate between benign and malignant intratesticular lesions. Ultrasonography remains the recommended imaging modality for initial evaluation of testicular masses. However, MRI can be used to better define equivocal testicular lesions on US.