- Rashidi, Armin;
- Hamadani, Mehdi;
- Zhang, Mei-Jie;
- Wang, Hai-Lin;
- Abdel-Azim, Hisham;
- Aljurf, Mahmoud;
- Assal, Amer;
- Bajel, Ashish;
- Bashey, Asad;
- Battiwalla, Minoo;
- Beitinjaneh, Amer;
- Bejanyan, Nelli;
- Bhatt, Vijaya;
- Bolaños-Meade, Javier;
- Byrne, Michael;
- Cahn, Jean-Yves;
- Cairo, Mitchell;
- Ciurea, Stefan;
- Copelan, Edward;
- Cutler, Corey;
- Daly, Andrew;
- Diaz, Miguel-Angel;
- Farhadfar, Nosha;
- Gale, Robert;
- Ganguly, Siddhartha;
- Grunwald, Michael;
- Hahn, Theresa;
- Hashmi, Shahrukh;
- Hildebrandt, Gerhard;
- Holland, H;
- Hossain, Nasheed;
- Kanakry, Christopher;
- Kharfan-Dabaja, Mohamed;
- Khera, Nandita;
- Koc, Yener;
- Lazarus, Hillard;
- Lee, Jong-Wook;
- Maertens, Johan;
- Martino, Rodrigo;
- McGuirk, Joseph;
- Munker, Reinhold;
- Murthy, Hemant;
- Nakamura, Ryotaro;
- Nathan, Sunita;
- Nishihori, Taiga;
- Palmisiano, Neil;
- Patel, Sagar;
- Pidala, Joseph;
- Olin, Rebecca;
- Olsson, Richard;
- Oran, Betul;
- Ringden, Olov;
- Rizzieri, David;
- Rowe, Jacob;
- Savoie, Mary;
- Schultz, Kirk;
- Seo, Sachiko;
- Shaffer, Brian;
- Singh, Anurag;
- Solh, Melhem;
- Stockerl-Goldstein, Keith;
- Verdonck, Leo;
- Wagner, John;
- Waller, Edmund;
- De Lima, Marcos;
- Sandmaier, Brenda;
- Litzow, Mark;
- Weisdorf, Dan;
- Romee, Rizwan;
- Saber, Wael
HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (Haplo-HCT) using posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) has improved donor availability. However, a matched sibling donor (MSD) is still considered the optimal donor. Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database, we compared outcomes after Haplo-HCT vs MSD in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1). Data from 1205 adult CR1 AML patients (2008-2015) were analyzed. A total of 336 patients underwent PT-Cy-based Haplo-HCT and 869 underwent MSD using calcineurin inhibitor-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. The Haplo-HCT group included more reduced-intensity conditioning (65% vs 30%) and bone marrow grafts (62% vs 7%), consistent with current practice. In multivariable analysis, Haplo-HCT and MSD groups were not different with regard to overall survival (P = .15), leukemia-free survival (P = .50), nonrelapse mortality (P = .16), relapse (P = .90), or grade II-IV acute GVHD (P = .98). However, the Haplo-HCT group had a significantly lower rate of chronic GVHD (hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.48; P < .001). Results of subgroup analyses by conditioning intensity and graft source suggested that the reduced incidence of chronic GVHD in Haplo-HCT is not limited to a specific graft source or conditioning intensity. Center effect and minimal residual disease-donor type interaction were not predictors of outcome. Our results indicate a lower rate of chronic GVHD after PT-Cy-based Haplo-HCT vs MSD using calcineurin inhibitor-based GVHD prophylaxis, but similar other outcomes, in patients with AML in CR1. Haplo-HCT is a viable alternative to MSD in these patients.