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Season of Sampling and Season of Birth Influence Serotonin Metabolite Levels in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Luykx, Jurjen J;
- Bakker, Steven C;
- Lentjes, Eef;
- Boks, Marco PM;
- van Geloven, Nan;
- Eijkemans, Marinus JC;
- Janson, Esther;
- Strengman, Eric;
- de Lepper, Anne M;
- Westenberg, Herman;
- Klopper, Kai E;
- Hoorn, Hendrik J;
- Gelissen, Harry PMM;
- Jordan, Julian;
- Tolenaar, Noortje M;
- van Dongen, Eric PA;
- Michel, Bregt;
- Abramovic, Lucija;
- Horvath, Steve;
- Kappen, Teus;
- Bruins, Peter;
- Keijzers, Peter;
- Borgdorff, Paul;
- Ophoff, Roel A;
- Kahn, René S
- Editor(s): Tosini, Gianluca
- et al.
Published Web Location
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030497Abstract
Background
Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults.Methodology/principal findings
Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PC(max)) and minimum (PC(min)) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PC(max) = 172 and PC(min) = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations.Conclusion
In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.Many UC-authored scholarly publications are freely available on this site because of the UC's open access policies. Let us know how this access is important for you.
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