UC Santa Barbara

Bug-Jargal: Revolution and its Doubles Hugo's first novel, which we know mainly in its later 1 826 version, shows an ambivalence and fascination with the notion of Revolution, and a pessi- mistic vision of inconclusive heroic sacrifice, which link it with a similarly ambivalent novel of the Revolution and similarly inconclusive figure of heroic self-sacrifice, Hugo's last, Quatre-vingt treize (Ninety-three).