UCLA

A Cooper-pair (CP) splitter is a device capable of spatially separating a pair of entangled electrons by sending a weak current from a superconductor (SC) to a pair of quantum dots or quantum wires. In this thesis, CP splitters based on quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHI), also known as two-dimensional topological insulator, and quantum wires are theoretically studied. Spin-entangled electrons can be extracted from the CP's in the SC, and transmitted by the helical electronic states hosted by these quantum heterostructures. In the introduction, the background information on the integer quantum Hall effect, QSHI, and CP splitters is provided.