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Frontotemporal Dementia and Psychiatric Illness: Emerging Clinical and Biological Links in Gene Carriers
Published Web Location
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2015.04.007Abstract
Objective
To describe psychiatric presentations in individuals with genetic mutations causing frontotemporal dementia (FTD).Design
Case descriptions from five carriers of FTD-related gene mutations with symptoms associated with non-neurodegenerative psychiatric disease.Setting
A comprehensive research program investigating genetic and non-genetic FTD at the University of California, San Francisco Memory and Aging Center.Participants
Three proband and two non-proband gene carriers.Measurements
Medical history and neurological examination, neuropsychological testing, magnetic resonance and/or positron emission tomography imaging, and a genetic analysis to screen for dementia-related mutations. Genetic status was unknown at the time of initial evaluation.Results
The chosen cases are illustrative of the variety of presentations of psychiatric symptoms in FTD gene carriers. In some cases, a non-neurodegenerative psychiatric illness was diagnosed based on specific symptoms, but the diagnosis may have been inappropriate based on the overall syndrome. In other cases, symptoms closely resembling those seen in non-neurodegenerative psychiatric illness did occur, in some cases immediately preceding the development of dementia, and in other cases developing a decade prior to dementia symptoms.Conclusions
Psychiatric symptoms in FTD gene carriers can be very similar to those seen in non-neurodegenerative psychiatric illness. Psychiatric symptoms with atypical features (e.g., late-life onset, insidiously worsening course) should prompt careful assessment for neurodegenerative disease. Guidelines for such an assessment should be established.Many UC-authored scholarly publications are freely available on this site because of the UC's open access policies. Let us know how this access is important for you.
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