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Opportunities for understanding the COVID-19 pandemic and child health in the United States: the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program
- Bekelman, Traci A;
- Trasande, Leonardo;
- Law, Andrew;
- Blackwell, Courtney K;
- Jacobson, Lisa P;
- Bastain, Theresa M;
- Breton, Carrie V;
- Elliott, Amy J;
- Ferrara, Assiamira;
- Karagas, Margaret R;
- Aschner, Judy L;
- Bornkamp, Nicole;
- Camargo, Carlos A;
- Comstock, Sarah S;
- Dunlop, Anne L;
- Ganiban, Jody M;
- Gern, James E;
- Karr, Catherine J;
- Kelly, Rachel S;
- Lyall, Kristen;
- O’Shea, T Michael;
- Schweitzer, Julie B;
- LeWinn, Kaja Z
- et al.
Published Web Location
https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1171214Abstract
Objective
Ongoing pediatric cohort studies offer opportunities to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health. With well-characterized data from tens of thousands of US children, the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program offers such an opportunity.Methods
ECHO enrolled children and their caregivers from community- and clinic-based pediatric cohort studies. Extant data from each of the cohorts were pooled and harmonized. In 2019, cohorts began collecting data under a common protocol, and data collection is ongoing with a focus on early life environmental exposures and five child health domains: birth outcomes, neurodevelopment, obesity, respiratory, and positive health. In April of 2020, ECHO began collecting a questionnaire designed to assess COVID-19 infection and the pandemic's impact on families. We describe and summarize the characteristics of children who participated in the ECHO Program during the COVID-19 pandemic and novel opportunities for scientific advancement.Results
This sample (n = 13,725) was diverse by child age (31% early childhood, 41% middle childhood, and 16% adolescence up to age 21), sex (49% female), race (64% White, 15% Black, 3% Asian, 2% American Indian or Alaska Native, <1% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 10% Multiple race and 2% Other race), Hispanic ethnicity (22% Hispanic), and were similarly distributed across the four United States Census regions and Puerto Rico.Conclusion
ECHO data collected during the pandemic can be used to conduct solution-oriented research to inform the development of programs and policies to support child health during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic era.Many UC-authored scholarly publications are freely available on this site because of the UC's open access policies. Let us know how this access is important for you.
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