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A New Synthesis Method for Complex Electric Field Patterning using a Multichannel Dense Array System with Applications in Low-Intensity Noninvasive Neuromodulation
- Smith, Matthew Charles
- Advisor(s): Sievenpiper, Daniel F
Abstract
Multichannel coil array systems offer precise spatiotemporal electronic steering and patterning of electric and magnetic fields without the physical movement of coils or magnets. This capability could potentially benefit a wide range of biomagnetic applications such as low-intensity noninvasive neuromodulation or magnetic drug delivery. In this regard, the objective of this work is to develop a unique synthesis method, that enabled by a multichannel dense array system, generates complex current pattern distributions not previously reported in the literature. Simulations and experimental results verify that highly curved or irregular (e.g., zig - zag) patterns at singular and multiple sites can be efficiently formed using this method. The synthesis method is composed of three primary components; a pixel cell (basic unit of pattern formation), a template array (“virtual array”: code that disseminates the coil current weights to the “physical” dense array), and a hexagonal coordinate system. Additionally, we demonstrate that the depth of penetration of the magnetic field can be controlled by varying coil current weights (magnitude and phase, 0 and π) of the smaller coil diameters in the array to achieve the same decay profile performance of a larger diameter coil. Only simulations exist in the literature to date, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first measurements of hexagonal shaped coils in multi-coil arrays have increased depth of penetration over circular shaped coil-based arrays. Finally, a method for localizing or reducing extraneous excitation around a user-defined E-field pattern is proposed and simulated. Low Intensity or Low-Field Magnetic Stimulation is identified as a potential application that could benefit from this work in the future and as such is used as an example to frame the research.
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