This report analyzes recent information about the use and institutionalization of geographic information and related technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS), satellite imagery and the global positioning system (GI/GIS) in the 50 state governments. The devolution of federal responsibilities and activism by state governments are increasing the role of states in GI/GIS, as well as in the nation's governance in general.
An organizational chart for each state was prepared from data provided by state officials. The charts show GIS users, GI/GIS coordinators, and the organizational structure in each state government's executive branch. These charts and other information was synthesized to (1) categorize state GI/GIS users according to a classification of state government functions, and (2) determine the incidence, authorization and administrative location of statewide GI/GIS coordinators. Tables, figures and contact information for each of the states supplement the charts.
The results indicate GI/GIS is being applied throughout state governments, and that GI/GIS is catalyzing the establishment of new coordination in state governments. Most GI/GIS coordinators were originally in agencies with natural resource responsibilities; however, they are increasingly located in agencies with government-wide roles.
The results of this research is significant for practitioners and researchers alike. The importance of institutional GI/ GIS conditions is increasingly indicated; however, research on this topic is limited. Although the focus of this report is on GI/GIS in states, the findings are also relevant in the practice and study of government, federalism, intergovernmental relations, and information technology policy and implementation.