In British universities in the 1960s and 1970s, the institutionalization of Development Studies as a distinct field of teaching and research coincided with the rapid growth of Marxist ideas in the social sciences. This chapter considers aspects of Development Studies and Marxist work over the last 40 years or so, including some intrinsic tensions that each brings to their encounters. I try to identify conditions and issues of intellectual production and its practical applications that may be useful to constructing and pursuing the project of an historical, and critical, sociology of knowledge of Development Studies.