Black women in the United States disproportionately experience adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes related to the process of family planning, including high rates of unintended pregnancy and short interpregnancy intervals. There are sociocultural factors that may be uniquely significant to the reproductive experiences of Black women and adolescent girls, such as familial socialization processes that teach Black girls about Black womanhood. However, there is limited empirical research on the links between the childhood socialization experiences of Black women and adolescent girls, and aspects of their sexual and reproductive health that involve family planning.The purpose of this dissertation research was to use a mixed methods approach to investigate the socialization experiences of young Black women and adolescent girls that address their intersectional status as being both Black and female, and examine how these socialization experiences relate to their sexual and reproductive health attitudes and behaviors concerning family planning. Study 1 used qualitative research methodology to investigate the socialization experiences of young African American women (Mean age = 26 years) and the perceived influence on their sexual and reproductive health values, attitudes, and behaviors. Several themes on their socialization experiences were identified (e.g., Preparation for prejudice against Black women, and Guidance on sexual and reproductive health). Two themes were also identified on the perceived influence of these experiences on women’s adult health attitudes and behaviors. Study 2 utilized population-based survey data from the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) of young Black women and adolescent girls (ages 15–24) to examine the associations between sexual socialization experiences and contraceptive behaviors at the first and most recent sexual intercourse. Patterns of sexual socialization experiences in this sample were also identified using latent class analysis. Results indicated that parental sexual socialization did not predict whether any contraceptive was used at the first or most recent intercourse, nor did it predict the most effective method used. However, more parental sexual socialization significantly predicted greater odds of using multiple methods versus a single method at the first and most recent intercourse. Furthermore, four patterns of sexual socialization experiences were identified in this sample using latent class analysis: (1) Comprehensive Socialization; (2) Limited Socialization; (3) Abstinence-focused Socialization; (4) Contraception-focused Socialization. Finally, Study 3 also uses data from the NSFG to examine the associations between parental sexual socialization and pregnancy intentions in a sample of young Black women and adolescent girls (ages 15–24) who have had a pregnancy. Results indicated no significant associations between sexual socialization and the measures of pregnancy intentions in the primary analyses. However, in the sensitivity analyses, more socialization messages were associated with a greater likelihood of having a pregnancy that was mistimed versus intended, and greater pregnancy mistiming. Parental sexual socialization was not significantly associated with pregnancy desire in these analyses. In sum, the findings from this research helps to improve our understanding of how the socialization experiences of African American women and girls relate to their sexual and reproductive attitudes and behaviors around family planning. In addition, the findings may have important implications for future research and theory, and ideally for African American families, educators and healthcare providers as they engage with Black women and girls.