This unit discusses common issues that arise when an organization acquires and implements a GIS. It describes potential problems within organizations such as overemphasis on technology, rigid work patterns, inflexibility, inappropriate decision-making procedures, staffing and assignment of responsibilities. The conclusion presents strategies to facilitate success.

This is the first in a six-unit series on the design, purchase and implementation of a GIS. It outlines several steps that are covered in this and subsequent units: problem recognition and technological awareness, developing management support, project definition, system evaluation and system implementation. The first two are covered in this unit, illustrated with an example of a municipal Automated Mapping and Facilities Management (AM/FM) project in Newport Beach, California.

This unit builds on the previous unit, examining strategies for implementing GIS in large organizations. By way of example it describes the development and implementation of a national GIS strategy within the US Forest Service, from functional requirements studies at individual sites through national plan development and plan components.