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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (3 results)

  • Thesis
  • Peer Reviewed
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2012)

The widespread use of smartphones and proliferation of mobile applications are reshaping many other areas ranging from social networking to health care Today's smartphones are much more capable than before, but mobile application are still restricted by limited resources on smartphones. The key hypothesis of this dissertation is that resource management on smartphones can be improved by adapting to usage patterns of users. We extensively studied users in the wild to characterize smartphone usage. We discovered significant diversity in smartphone usage. Along all aspects that we studied, users differ by one or more orders of magnitude. This finding suggests that resource management policies and algorithms on smartphones can become more effective if they learn and adapt to user behavior.

We developed the prototype of a system that adaptively manages battery, one of the most strained resources on smarthpones, and evaluated its performance. PowerLeash is a system that gives users control over their smartphones' battery lifetime when running background applications. With PowerLeash a user who is running power consuming background applications on her smartphone can decide how long her battery should last. PowerLeash continuously monitors the phone's battery level, the user's interactions with the phone, and progress of background applications. It builds a personalized model to estimate battery consumption based on usage and background applications progress. Using the on-line model and other information, PowerLeash dynamically adjusts the power consumption of background applications to meet the user's desired battery lifetime. We have designed PowerLeash to be easy to deploy, easy to use, and easy to incorporate in background applications. PowerLeash can run on any Android smartphone as a user level application, and relies only on information that is available to user-level processes. We present the design of PowerLeash and a detailed performance evaluation based on user studies. We use the lessons from deploying PowerLeash on volunteers smartphones to inform future iterations.

    Cover page: Automating Personalized Battery Management on Smartphones
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    UCLA Previously Published Works (2019)

    Purpose

    Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors experience unique barriers that compromise receipt of survivorship care; therefore, development of innovative educational interventions to improve rates of AYA survivorship care is needed. The efficacy of text-messaging and peer navigation interventions was compared to standard-of-care survivorship educational materials to increase AYAs' (1) late effects knowledge and (2) knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy towards seeking survivor-focused care.

    Methods

    This was a three-armed, prospective, randomized controlled trial with one control group and two intervention groups. The control group received current standard-of-care educational materials. One intervention group participated in a text-messaging program, and the second participated in a peer navigator program. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. Study outcome variables were quantified using Fisher exact tests, two-sample t tests, exact McNemar tests, conditional logistic regression models, and analysis of covariance.

    Results

    Seventy-one survivors completed the study (control n = 24; text-messaging n = 23; peer navigation n = 24). Late effects knowledge was high at baseline for all groups. The text-messaging group had increased survivorship care knowledge compared to the control group (p < 0.05); the peer navigation group had increased survivorship care self-efficacy compared to the control group; p < 0.05. Both intervention groups showed increased attitudes towards seeking survivor-focused care compared to the control group (text-messaging p < 0.05; peer navigation p < 0.05).

    Conclusions

    Each intervention demonstrated significant benefits compared to the control group.

    Implications for cancer survivors

    Given the preliminary effectiveness of both interventions, each can potentially be used in the future by AYA cancer survivors to educate and empower them to obtain needed survivorship care.
      • Article
      • Peer Reviewed
      UCLA Previously Published Works (2019)

      Purpose

      Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors experience unique barriers that compromise receipt of survivorship care; therefore, development of innovative educational interventions to improve rates of AYA survivorship care is needed. The efficacy of text-messaging and peer navigation interventions was compared to standard-of-care survivorship educational materials to increase AYAs' (1) late effects knowledge and (2) knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy towards seeking survivor-focused care.

      Methods

      This was a three-armed, prospective, randomized controlled trial with one control group and two intervention groups. The control group received current standard-of-care educational materials. One intervention group participated in a text-messaging program, and the second participated in a peer navigator program. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. Study outcome variables were quantified using Fisher exact tests, two-sample t tests, exact McNemar tests, conditional logistic regression models, and analysis of covariance.

      Results

      Seventy-one survivors completed the study (control n = 24; text-messaging n = 23; peer navigation n = 24). Late effects knowledge was high at baseline for all groups. The text-messaging group had increased survivorship care knowledge compared to the control group (p < 0.05); the peer navigation group had increased survivorship care self-efficacy compared to the control group; p < 0.05. Both intervention groups showed increased attitudes towards seeking survivor-focused care compared to the control group (text-messaging p < 0.05; peer navigation p < 0.05).

      Conclusions

      Each intervention demonstrated significant benefits compared to the control group.

      Implications for cancer survivors

      Given the preliminary effectiveness of both interventions, each can potentially be used in the future by AYA cancer survivors to educate and empower them to obtain needed survivorship care.
        Cover page: The use of mobile technology and peer navigation to promote adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivorship care: results of a randomized controlled trial
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