Parental burnout, characterized by overwhelming exhaustion related to parenting demands, represents a significant health concern across diverse cultural contexts. This study investigates the phenomenon's global prevalence, contributing factors, and consequences, emphasizing Differential Item Functioning (DIF) within the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) across genders and countries. Utilizing a robust dataset, the research explores how cultural, social, and gender-specific factors influence parental burnout experiences, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive approaches and interventions tailored to varied cultural norms.

The methodology employs a secondary analysis of the comprehensive dataset by Roskam et al. (2021), examining gender and country invariance in responses to the PBA. Through the application of the Multidimensional Partial Credit Model (MPCM), the study reveals nuanced patterns of parental burnout, offering insights into the complex interplay between societal norms, cultural expectations, and parental roles. The findings underscore significant variations in the manifestation of parental burnout across countries, with notable differences in the experiences of mothers and fathers.

This dissertation contributes to a deeper understanding of parental burnout as a multidimensional and culturally influenced phenomenon. By identifying and analyzing DIF across genders and countries, the research underscores the importance of culturally and gender-sensitive assessments and interventions. The study's insights into the global nuances of parental burnout are vital for developing targeted support systems, fostering resilience among families worldwide, and promoting healthier family dynamics in the face of parenting challenges.