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Radio Communication Networks in the World Trade Center Disaster

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Abstract

In this paper, we analyze networks of responder radio communications during the early hours of the World Trade Center disaster. Degree distribution, dyad and triad census statistics, centralization, and other aggregate network properties are examined, and observed statistics are compared to baseline models. Substantial similarities in network structure are observed, with all networks consisting in large part of tree-like, hub-dominated components; networks of specialist responders are similar to those of non-specialist responders in most respects. The overall pattern of findings underscores the importance of emergent behavior for understanding crisis response, particularly among responders without specialized emergency response training.



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