Detecting others' preferences for a relational category of objects (e.g., taller objects) may be difficult, because doing so requires comparing within and between object pairs to extract the common relation. Extending from Duh and Wang (2014), the present research examined the conditions under which infants detect such preferences. In Experiment 1, an experimenter chose the taller of two objects in three examples and the shorter object in one example; the order of this last example was manipulated. In test, the experimenter chose either the taller or the shorter of two novel objects. Fourteen-month-olds detected the experimenter's overall preference for taller objects only when the inconsistent example occurred after three consecutive consistent examples. In Experiment 2, 11-month-olds detected the preference with three consistent examples, but only if they had made a choice prior to the experiment. Together, the results highlight the role of mixed data and action experience in infants' preference reasoning.

Changes in child safety knowledge concerning bullying, boundary-setting, and help-seeking were evaluated after participation in the Kidpower Everyday Safety Skills Program (ESSP), a workshop designed to increase children's knowledge of safe choices. The program consisted of an in-school workshop, weekly follow-up sessions, and homework assignments over 10 weeks and included skills-training, parental involvement, and opportunities to practice safety skills. Third-grade students (n = 128) participated in pre- and post-tests of safety skills, and were compared to a comparison group (n = 110) that did not participate in the program. Findings indicate that students who participated had increases in safety knowledge (maintained over 3 months) greater than the comparison group. Additional assessments indicate that the program was implemented with high fidelity and both teachers and students found the program successful. Children's understanding of the competency areas boundary-setting, stranger safety, help-seeking, and maintaining calmness and confidence improved.