Previous research has revealed that the behavioral dynamics
of joint-action can naturally emerge from the physical and
informational constraints that define a shared task-goal. The
emergence of complementary actions or functional differences
in control also appear to be a natural part of such behavior, and
are often an inherent aspect of robust and highly flexible jointaction
performance. The aim of the current study was to explore
these latter aspects of joint-action behavior. More specifically,
we examined the interpersonal coordination and control that
emerged between two individuals performing a virtual labyrinth
ball-control game. Key manipulations involved whether control
was symmetrical (i.e. both individuals had full control of the
board tilt), asymmetrical (i.e. one with control of the x-axis of
tilt and the other with control of the y-axis of tilt), or unbalanced
(i.e. one joystick had full control of the y-axis of tilt, but only ¬Ω
the gain control of the x-axis of tilt, and vice versa). Data on a
solo individual two-handed version of the task was also
collected for comparison purposes. Our results revealed that the
patterns of synergistic coordination that emerged were the same
for pairs and individuals, and that both pairs and individuals
maintain task success by mutually adapting the coordination and
control dynamics across the different task manipulations