Microscopy is an important tool to analyze cell, tissue, and organ structure and function. However, to be an effective tool there needs to be an excessive cell source and specific techniques. To better understand the mechanisms behind cellular structure and function, this thesis used microscopy to visualize and quantify nuclear structure of urine-derived cells and changes in membrane potential of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. The relationship between nuclear dysmorphia and age was analyzed using cells shed during urination to determine if nuclear defectiveness can be used as an indicator of secondary risk factors of heart disease. It was concluded that there is a significant correlation between nuclear defectiveness and age of cell donation. To study electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes, a protocol was developed to record changes in membrane potential via optical mapping on a confocal microscope. When creating the protocol, it was determined that FluoVolt was the best voltage-sensitive dye to use due to its high sensitivity and compatibility with standard FITC microscope settings. In addition, it was concluded that for optimal conditions to visualize action potentials, cardiomyocytes should be cultured in a PDMS spin-coated and micropatterned 35 mm glass bottom dish. Overall, these studies showed that microscopy can be used to analyze cellular structure and function.