Undergraduate Research Hub

Prior authorization, a requirement for healthcare providers to obtain insurance approval before delivering services, has become a significant administrative challenge in the U.S. healthcare system. According to an American Physical Therapy Association survey, 75% of patients reported delays in accessing necessary care due to prior authorization. In comparison, 80% of healthcare staff see it as a factor in burnout. This paper examines the implications of preauthorization on healthcare service delivery, focusing on practitioner distribution, patient care accessibility, and financial impacts. The research explores the association between state-level preauthorization restrictions and the availability of healthcare practitioners, particularly in rural areas and specialties. Findings suggest that more restrictive prior authorization processes correlate with reduced practitioner availability, negatively affecting access to care and patient outcomes. Additionally, the paper discusses the financial strain on patients and the healthcare system and the need for policy reforms to address the administrative and economic burdens of prior authorization.