Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures

In Nubia, Thoth was venerated as, among other manifestations, Thoth of Pnubs. He is only attested in Lower Nubia, either in temple reliefs and inscriptions, or in graffiti. In the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods, a rather large temple was built at el-Dakka for Thoth of Pnubs, Lord of Pselchis (el-Dakka). There he is depicted in two forms, as a seated baboon under the nbs-tree, and anthropomorphically, with the four-feathered crown of Onuris, whose characteristics he assumed. Thoth of Pnubs developed into a composite god, combining features of Thoth of Hermopolis, Onuris, and Shu, fulfilling the same role as Shu in the myth of the Return of the Distant Goddess.