UC San Diego

This thesis explores the complexities of racialization as applied to Central American asylum seekers who have been forcibly stranded at the border in recent years. These communities are affected by a variety of political, social, and cultural systems that place them at a great disadvantage in achieving a fair quality of life. An examination of the traits on which Central American asylum seekers face discrimination, which I describe as an effect of racialization, shows that their experiences are unique to their situation in their time and place. Derailing from the common association of racialization by physical traits in Mexico, these communities at the border are more affected by racialization for their nationality, for being a migrant, and for their accent and/or manner of speaking. I identify the perpetrators of mistreatment against Central American asylum seekers and find that while immigration enforcement officials are easily distinguishable, it is much more difficult to determine who indeed forms part of Mexican authorities, the general public, and organized crime groups. Perpetrators can blur the lines between groups: a deceitful tactic in gaining power over these vulnerable populations. I also examine the repercussions of discrimination perpetrated by the actors discussed. Through my analysis, I contend that discrimination not only inflicts significant psychological harm on asylum seekers, but also obstructs their access to essential services, equitable working conditions, and fair housing. I argue that discrimination perpetuates a cycle of marginalization and reinforces existing inequalities, exacerbating the challenges faced by these populations.