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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (11 results)

  • Article
  • Peer Reviewed
UC Irvine Previously Published Works (1981)
A field test of the sufficiency of justification hypothesis is reported. It is hypothesized that volunteers will experience insufficient justifica­tion for their efforts, which will be reflected in their job attitudes and motivation. The hypothesis is supported, except for reported intrinsic moti­vation; the implications of this exception are explored.
    Cover page: Sufficiency of justification: Field test and extension of a hypothesisCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
    • Article
    • Peer Reviewed
    International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010), Volume 11, Issue 11 (1991)
      Cover page: Occurrence and Distribution of Citrus Tatter Leaf in Fujian, China
      • Article
      • Peer Reviewed
      International Organization of Citrus Virologists Conference Proceedings (1957-2010), Volume 13, Issue 13 (1996)
        Cover page: Elimination of Citrus Pathogens by Shoot-Tip Grafting and the Establishment of Citrus Germplasm in Fujian Province, China
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2004)

        Hearing aids and cochlear implants are two major hearing enhancement technologies but yet share little in research and development. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hearing aid directional microphones and noise reduction technologies could enhance cochlear implant users' speech understanding and ease of listening. Digital hearing aids serving as preprocessors were programmed to omni-directional microphone, directional microphone, and directional microphone plus noise reduction conditions. Three groups of subjects were tested with the hearing aid processed speech stimuli. Results indicated that hearing aids with directional microphones and noise reduction algorithms significantly enhanced speech understanding and listening comfort. (C) 2004 Acoustical Society of America.

          Cover page: Using hearing aid directional microphones and noise reduction algorithms to enhance cochlear implant performance
          • Article
          • Peer Reviewed
          UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2006)

          Although cochlear implant (CI) users have enjoyed good speech recognition in quiet, they still have difficulties understanding speech in noise. We conducted three experiments to determine whether a directional microphone and an adaptive multichannel noise reduction algorithm could enhance Cl performance in noise and whether Speech Transmission Index (STI) can be used to predict CI performance in various acoustic and signal processing conditions. In Experiment 1, CI users listened to speech in noise processed by 4 hearing aid settings: omni-directional microphone, omni-directional microphone plus noise reduction, directional microphone, and directional microphone plus noise reduction. The directional microphone significantly improved speech recognition in noise. Both directional microphone and noise reduction algorithm improved overall. preference. In Experiment 11, normal hearing individuals listened to the recorded speech produced by 4- or 8-channel CI simulations. The 8-channel simulation yielded similar speech recognition results as in Experiment 1, whereas the 4-channel simulation produced no significant difference among the 4 settings. In Experiment III, we examined the relationship between STIs and speech recognition. The results suggested that STI could predict actual and simulated Cl speech intelligibility with acoustic degradation and the directional microphone, but not the noise reduction algorithm. Implications for intelligibility enhancement are discussed. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America.

            Cover page: Effects of directional microphone and adaptive multichannel noise reduction algorithm on cochlear implant performance
            • Article
            • Peer Reviewed
            UC San Diego Previously Published Works (2021)
            It has been suggested that a cellularly unstable laminar flame, which is freely propagating in unbounded space, can accelerate and evolve into a turbulent flame with the neighbouring flow exhibiting the basic characteristics of turbulence. Famously known as self-turbulization, this conceptual transition in the flow regime, which arises from local interactions between the propagating wrinkled flamefront and the flow, is critical in extreme events such as the deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) leading to supernova explosions. Recognizing that such a transition in the flow regime has not been conclusively demonstrated through experiments, in this work, we present experimental measurements of flow characteristics of flame-generated 'turbulence' for expanding cellular laminar flames. The energy spectra of such 'turbulence' at different stages of cellular instability are analysed. A subsequent scaling analysis points out that the observed energy spectra are driven by the fractal topology of the cellularly unstable flamefront.
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2006)
              Although theory of the triple probe for Maxwellian plasma is well known, analysis with ion beams has not been established. Since plasma parameters, especially electron temperature, are distorted severely in the presence of supersonic ion beams, a new model for deducing electron temperature is introduced by solving the governing equations of the triple probe including the beam currents to three probe tips through simple assumptions. © 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
                Cover page: Effect of Supersonic Ion Beams on the Triple Probe MeasurementCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
                • Article
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2000)

                Objectives/hypothesis

                To test intratumoral photodynamic therapy (IPDT) as a new treatment for squamous cell carcinoma in a preclinical tumor model.

                Study design and methods

                Human P3 squamous carcinoma cells were transplanted subcutaneously in athymic nude mice and allowed to grow into 300- to 500-mm3 tumors. Hypericin dye at 1 microg/gm of body weight was injected intratumorally (IT) or intravenously (IV). After 4 hours hypericin biodistribution was assessed in ethanol extracts from tissues by fluorescence spectroscopy. IPDT also was tested by KTP laser fiberoptic insertion in tumors 4 hours after IT dye injection compared to KTP532 laser therapy alone (532 nm, 1W, 40-60 J, 0.6-mm fiber).

                Results

                Hypericin concentration in tissues was as follows: (IT vs. IV) for tumors (3660 vs. 135 ng dye/gm tissue), lung (760 vs. 6345), liver (75 vs. 935), blood (65 vs. 480) compared to skin (465 vs. 110) or muscle (335 vs. 80) adjacent to the squamous cell tumors. Four hours after dye injection, the tumor exhibited bright orange fluorescence when excited by KTP 532-nm green laser light. The IPDT-treated tumors had a 3.32+/-0.32-mm radius of cell destruction when H&E-stained sections were examined compared with 2.5+/-0.38 mm for the laser only control group (n = 10, P = .003).

                Conclusions

                This pilot study indicates laser IPDT with hypericin induces a significant increase in tumor necrosis compared with laser alone and may be useful as a less invasive adjuvant treatment for recurrent or inoperable human squamous cell cancers of the head and neck.
                  Cover page: Intratumoral Hypericin and KTP Laser Therapy for Transplanted Squamous Cell CarcinomaCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
                  • Article
                  • Peer Reviewed
                  UC Irvine Previously Published Works (2010)
                  To formulate Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Meningioma (FACT-MNG), a web-based tumor site-specific outcome instrument for assessing intracranial meningioma patients following surgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery. We surveyed the relevant literature available on intracranial meningioma surgery and subsequent outcomes (38 papers), making note of which, if any, QOL/outcome instruments were utilized. None of the surgveyed papers included QOL assessment specific to tumor site. We subsequently developed questions that were relevant to the signs and symptoms that characterize each of 11 intracranial meningioma sites, and incorporated them into a modified combination of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Brain (FACT-BR) and SF36 outcome instruments, thereby creating a new tumor site-specific outcome instrument, FACT-MNG. With outcomes analysis of surgical and radiosurgical treatments becoming more important, measures of the adequacy and success of treatment are needed. FACT-MNG represents a first effort to formalize such an instrument for meningioma patients. Questions specific to tumor site will allow surgeons to better assess specific quality of life issues not addressed in the past by more general questionnaires.
                    Cover page: FACT-MNG: tumor site specific web-based outcome instrument for meningioma patientsCreative Commons 'BY' version 4.0 license
                    • Article
                    • Peer Reviewed
                    To formulate Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Meningioma (FACT-MNG), a web-based tumor site-specific outcome instrument for assessing intracranial meningioma patients following surgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery. We surveyed the relevant literature available on intracranial meningioma surgery and subsequent outcomes (38 papers), making note of which, if any, QOL/outcome instruments were utilized. None of the surgveyed papers included QOL assessment specific to tumor site. We subsequently developed questions that were relevant to the signs and symptoms that characterize each of 11 intracranial meningioma sites, and incorporated them into a modified combination of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Brain (FACT-BR) and SF36 outcome instruments, thereby creating a new tumor site-specific outcome instrument, FACT-MNG. With outcomes analysis of surgical and radiosurgical treatments becoming more important, measures of the adequacy and success of treatment are needed. FACT-MNG represents a first effort to formalize such an instrument for meningioma patients. Questions specific to tumor site will allow surgeons to better assess specific quality of life issues not addressed in the past by more general questionnaires.
                      Cover page: FACT-MNG: tumor site specific web-based outcome instrument for meningioma patients
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