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Open Access Publications from the University of California

Scholarly Works (8 results)

  • Article
  • Peer Reviewed
Dermatology Online Journal, Volume 28, Issue 2 (2022)
    Cover page: On the validity of biopsy cost analysis pertaining to nonphysician cliniciansCreative Commons 'BY-NC-ND' version 4.0 license
    • Article
    Technical Completion Reports (1999)

    For two years we studied the distribution and abundance of native and introduced fish larvae in Putah Creek (Yolo County, CA); a low elevation regulated stream. We used light traps and conical drift nets to sample the fish larvae at two spatially separated sites from March through July 1997 and at four sites from February through August 1998. Native larvae occurred both earlier in the year and in higher abundance than those of introduced species. Both native larvae and overall numbers of larvae were more abundant at upstream sites in both years. Larval sampling appeared to be sensitive to the detection ofrare species. Drift nets and light traps collected similar numbers of larvae, but each method tended to select for different taxa. There were significant trends in diel patterns of abundance, with more fish larvae being found during the hours of darkness. We suggest that differences between the sites were due to habitat changes resulting from an upstream dam that has created a refuge of diverse habitat and cool flowing water for native taxa.

      Cover page: Spatial and temporal ecology of native and introduced fish larvae in Lower Putah Creek, California
      • Article
      • Peer Reviewed
      UC Berkeley Previously Published Works (2009)
      Few studies have quantified juvenile salmon growth among different habitats or evaluated the mechanisms controlling salmon growth and survival. We used otolith microstructure to compare daily relative growth rates among main-channel riverine areas, off-channel ponds, and non-natal seasonal tributaries of the Sacramento River, CA. We compared prey availability, prey preference, and stomach fullness between these sites. We observed larger average otolith growth increments, higher prey densities, and warmer water temperatures in both off-channel ponds and non-natal seasonal tributaries compared to the main-channel areas in both 2001 and 2002. Our findings suggest that warmer temperatures and abundant prey in off-channel habitats during Central Valley Chinook salmon rearing periods may lead to higher growth rates, which in turn may improve juvenile survival. Our results suggest that off-channel habitats may be critical habitats to include in conservation and management plans for juvenile salmon.
        Cover page: Juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) growth in off-channel and main-channel habitats on the Sacramento River, CA using otolith increment widths
        • Article
        • Peer Reviewed
        Dermatology Online Journal, Volume 20, Issue 1 (2014)
        Although the therapeutic benefit of oral antimalarials in various types of sarcoidosis is well described, their reported use specifically in subcutaneous sarcoidosis (Darier-Roussy type sarcoidosis) is limited. We describe the cases of two patients with subcutaneous sarcoidosis treated with hydroxychloroquine, suggesting that it may represent an alternative first-line treatment for patients in whom steroid-sparing therapy is desired.
          Cover page: Treatment of subcutaneous sarcoidosis with hydroxychloroquine: Report of 2 casesCreative Commons 'BY-NC-ND' version 4.0 license
          • Article
          • Peer Reviewed
          Dermatology Online Journal, Volume 21, Issue 7 (2015)
          Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare primary gastrointestinal malignancy. We present a 60-year old man who developed a cutaneous metastasis of jejunal adenocarcinoma to his neck. This case highlights the clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic features of this uncommon cutaneous metastasis.
            Cover page: Jejunal adenocarcinoma with cutaneous metastasisCreative Commons 'BY-NC-ND' version 4.0 license
            • Article
            • Peer Reviewed
            Dermatology Online Journal, Volume 19, Issue 8 (2013)

            Numerous medications have been associated with the development of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. A mechanism explaining how unrelated drug classes can lead to subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus has remained elusive, suggesting that there may be multiple etiologic pathways. Taxanes (docetaxel, paclitaxel, and cabazitaxel) inhibit cell mitosis through microtubule stabilization and their use has uncommonly been associated with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Recently the antigen recognized by anti-Ro/SS-A antibody (Ro52) has been localized to the cytoplasmic microtubule network. A case report of docetaxel exacerbated subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus is presented and literature review performed, revealing 11 additional cases of taxane associated subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Taxanes are proposed to exacerbate or induce subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus in immunogenetically predisposed patients by stabilizing microtubules and affecting Ro/SS-A antigen (Ro52) expression. This may be an under recognized adverse drug reaction because taxanes are used for a defined period and the cutaneous eruption tends to spontaneously improve. Studies analyzing how particular drug classes affect Ro/SS-A antigen expression may be useful in identifying mechanisms of action in drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

              Cover page: Taxane associated subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosusCreative Commons 'BY-NC-ND' version 4.0 license
              • Article
              • Peer Reviewed
              UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2020)

              Importance

              Use of prognostic gene expression profile (GEP) testing in cutaneous melanoma (CM) is rising despite a lack of endorsement as standard of care.

              Objective

              To develop guidelines within the national Melanoma Prevention Working Group (MPWG) on integration of GEP testing into the management of patients with CM, including (1) review of published data using GEP tests, (2) definition of acceptable performance criteria, (3) current recommendations for use of GEP testing in clinical practice, and (4) considerations for future studies.

              Evidence review

              The MPWG members and other international melanoma specialists participated in 2 online surveys and then convened a summit meeting. Published data and meeting abstracts from 2015 to 2019 were reviewed.

              Findings

              The MPWG members are optimistic about the future use of prognostic GEP testing to improve risk stratification and enhance clinical decision-making but acknowledge that current utility is limited by test performance in patients with stage I disease. Published studies of GEP testing have not evaluated results in the context of all relevant clinicopathologic factors or as predictors of regional nodal metastasis to replace sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The performance of GEP tests has generally been reported for small groups of patients representing particular tumor stages or in aggregate form, such that stage-specific performance cannot be ascertained, and without survival outcomes compared with data from the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition melanoma staging system international database. There are significant challenges to performing clinical trials incorporating GEP testing with SLNB and adjuvant therapy. The MPWG members favor conducting retrospective studies that evaluate multiple GEP testing platforms on fully annotated archived samples before embarking on costly prospective studies and recommend avoiding routine use of GEP testing to direct patient management until prospective studies support their clinical utility.

              Conclusions and relevance

              More evidence is needed to support using GEP testing to inform recommendations regarding SLNB, intensity of follow-up or imaging surveillance, and postoperative adjuvant therapy. The MPWG recommends further research to assess the validity and clinical applicability of existing and emerging GEP tests. Decisions on performing GEP testing and patient management based on these results should only be made in the context of discussion of testing limitations with the patient or within a multidisciplinary group.
                Cover page: Prognostic Gene Expression Profiling in Cutaneous Melanoma
                • Article
                • Peer Reviewed
                UC San Francisco Previously Published Works (2023)

                Importance

                Therapy for advanced melanoma has transformed during the past decade, but early detection and prognostic assessment of cutaneous melanoma (CM) remain paramount goals. Best practices for screening and use of pigmented lesion evaluation tools and gene expression profile (GEP) testing in CM remain to be defined.

                Objective

                To provide consensus recommendations on optimal screening practices and prebiopsy diagnostic, postbiopsy diagnostic, and prognostic assessment of CM.

                Evidence review

                Case scenarios were interrogated using a modified Delphi consensus method. Melanoma panelists (n = 60) were invited to vote on hypothetical scenarios via an emailed survey (n = 42), which was followed by a consensus conference (n = 51) that reviewed the literature and the rationale for survey answers. Panelists participated in a follow-up survey for final recommendations on the scenarios (n = 45).

                Findings

                The panelists reached consensus (≥70% agreement) in supporting a risk-stratified approach to melanoma screening in clinical settings and public screening events, screening personnel recommendations (self/partner, primary care provider, general dermatologist, and pigmented lesion expert), screening intervals, and acceptable appointment wait times. Participants also reached consensus that visual and dermoscopic examination are sufficient for evaluation and follow-up of melanocytic skin lesions deemed innocuous. The panelists reached consensus on interpreting reflectance confocal microscopy and some but not all results from epidermal tape stripping, but they did not reach consensus on use of certain pigmented lesion evaluation tools, such as electrical impedance spectroscopy. Regarding GEP scores, the panelists reached consensus that a low-risk prognostic GEP score should not outweigh concerning histologic features when selecting patients to undergo sentinel lymph node biopsy but did not reach consensus on imaging recommendations in the setting of a high-risk prognostic GEP score and low-risk histology and/or negative nodal status.

                Conclusions and relevance

                For this consensus statement, panelists reached consensus on aspects of a risk-stratified approach to melanoma screening and follow-up as well as use of visual examination and dermoscopy. These findings support a practical approach to diagnosing and evaluating CM. Panelists did not reach consensus on a clearly defined role for GEP testing in clinical decision-making, citing the need for additional studies to establish the clinical use of existing GEP assays.
                  Cover page: Early Detection and Prognostic Assessment of Cutaneous Melanoma
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