Recent developments in fractional quantum Hall (FQH) physics highlight the
importance of studying FQH phases of particles partially occupying energy bands
that are not Landau levels. FQH phases in the regime of strong lattice effects,
called fractional Chern insulators, provide one setting for such studies. As
the strength of lattice effects vanishes, the bands of generic lattice models
asymptotically approach Landau levels. In this article, we construct lattice
models for single-particle bands that are distinct from Landau levels even in
this continuum limit. We describe how the distinction between such bands and
Landau levels is quantified by band geometry over the magnetic Brillouin zone
and reflected in the electromagnetic response. We analyze the
localization-delocalization transition in one such model and compute a
localization length exponent of 2.57(3). Moreover, we study interactions
projected to these bands and find signatures of bosonic and fermionic Laughlin
states. Most pertinently, our models allow us to isolate conditions for optimal
band geometry and gain further insight into the stability of FQH phases on
lattices.