Traffic impedes. But does it also enable? Townsend Middleton traces the cat-and-mouse interplays of trafficking and regulation in one of South Asia’s most notorious chokepoints: India’s Chicken Neck.

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This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a process for developing and validating outcome measures relevant to dietary quality behaviors targeted by Food Stamp Nutrition Education (FSNE). The ultimate goal is a measure that is valid, reliable, sensitive to change, and practical for use for a wide variety of FSNE evaluation purposes. The development process has incorporated input from FSNE stakeholders at the federal and state level and follows a systematic, research-driven approach that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative research and includes methods for identification of subject domains, selection of evaluation items, initial pretesting, and reduction of items. This type of research establishes the trustworthiness of new evaluation measures.

Adult female Euchirella pseudopulchra Park, 1976 from the California Current System bear a pair of unusual linear ovisacs or 'egg strings.' Each membrane-bound, single file row of eggs contains 11-14 relatively large ova. Calculations suggest that the geometric arrangement of single file rows of eggs could facilitate oxygen diffusion in O2-deficient waters. The presence of ventrally carried egg masses in E. pseudopulchra and other members of the Calanoida appears to be associated with evolutionary loss of the fifth swimming legs (P5) in the adult female. We hypothesize that loss of the female P5 would improve hydrodynamic thrust during escape responses and reduce the probability of loss of ventrally brooded ova. We re-examine the relationship between egg size and body size for planktonic marine calanoid and cyclopoid copepods from the mesopelagic and epipelagic zones and compare the advantages of brooding versus broadcast-spawning life histories. The size distribution of adult females of 43 egg-brooding copepod species is bimodal, comprising a number of small-bodied species and large-bodied species, with only one intermediate-sized species (between 10-100 μg C). The size distribution of 75 broadcast spawners includes a large number (41) of intermediate-sized species. The interrupted size distribution of the egg-brooding species probably reflects enhanced predation risk to intermediate-sized copepods of carrying attached egg masses in the epipelagic zone.