Past and present practices to control wolves in British Columbia, Canada are discussed. Control is carried out chiefly for the protection of livestock. Reduction in use of strychnine occurred after the 1940s, and Compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate) became increasingly effective and useful after the mid-1950s. A bounty system, which had been in place previously and was in direct competition with government-organized predator control programs as well as subject to fraud, was discontinued in 1955. Aerial application of 1080 baits over larger areas under appropriate conditions in winter, or to spot treat locations where predation has occurred at other times of year. Precautions are taken to safeguard desirable species as much as possible, including collection and disposal of baits in late winter or early spring. Regulations governing toxicant use are described, including landowner agreements if used on private lands. Present predator control methods and techniques have proven to be very effective, especially with wolves, for the protection of livestock.

Precautions and rules for safe handling and application of vertebrate pesticides are discussed, primarily in relation to applicator safety and agricultural worker safety.

We present two novel classes of noisy channel models to address verb infinitive/present participle confusion and word choice production errors in text produced by English as a second language (ESL) authors in an extension of Park and Levy (2011). In our word choice model, which is the primary contribution of this work, we model the English word choices made by ESL authors as a random walk across an undirected bipartite dictionary graph composed of edges between English words and associated words in the author's native language. We use cascades of weighted finite-state transducers (wFSTs) to model language model priors, verb form confusion and random walk-induced noise, and observed sentences, and expectation maximization (EM) to learn model parameters. Additionally, we explore the use of online EM for model training. We show that such models can make intelligent verb form and dictionary-based word substitutions to improve grammaticality and fluency in an unsupervised setting

Concert SHRUNK MODE by Ethan West In this game, you are a teenager attending a music festival with a group of friends - all is normal until the whole group takes a drug that makes them shrink till they are 2 inches tall. Whether or not you and your friends make it out of the festival alive depends on your decisions.

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