California Partners for Advanced Transportation Technology

Access to transit stations is a significant barrier to transit use in many urban regions. Parking during peak hours is often limited, and many individuals are only willing to walk about a quarter mile to transit stations (Cervero, 2001). While there are some effective feeder services (e.g., shuttles) that help extend the range of transit access, these systems are limited because of fixed routes and schedules. A number of strategies have recently been implemented to improve transit access and transit use, including bicycles, electric bicycles, carsharing, and personal neighborhood electric vehicles (Shaheen, 1999; Shaheen et al., 2000; Shaheen, 2001; Shaheen and Wright, 2001; Shaheen and Meyn, 2002).