National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis

This report describes the results of NCGIA Research Initiative 4 on Use and Value of Geographic Information, carried out in the period May 1989–summer 1991. The report features the outcomes of activities related to the objectives of the initiative, to: 1. Identify primary and subsequent users of spatial information, and determine the value of such information; 2. Develop and test models of the decision-making process regarding land use, focusing on the role of geographic information; 3. Identify problems of dealing with risk and uncertainty associated with decision making; and 4. Evaluate the direct and indirect benefits of geographic information analysis and geographic information systems.