The dynamical governing equation of structures is the basis for solution of dynamics and control of distributed parameter systems. Until now, the refined dynamic equation of plates including the complete thermomechanical coupling has not been seen in the literature on structural dynamics. With the development of the modern aerospace technology, the refined dynamic equation of plates including the thermomechanical coupling effect is an urgent problem to be solved. But the traditional modeling method described in classical theory of plates and shells cannot be used to obtain the dynamic equation of thick plates under heating conditions because of the limitation of classical theory. In this paper, the coupled dynamical problem of plates with complete thermomechanical coupling is investigated based on the three-dimensional thermoelasticity and modern mathematics. The spectral composition method for modeling the structural dynamics is developed by combining the Vieta theorem of algebra with the classical method of operator spectra. In the time domain the refined dynamical equations of plates, which involve the bending and stretching vibrations under coupled thermomechanical conditions, are constructed by using the spectral decomposition of operators and proper gauge conditions to eliminate the non-uniqueness of unknown potential function without using the classical assumption in the theory of plates and shells. The dispersion relations from the refined equations of thermoelastic plates are presented graphically to test and verify the refined theory of thermoelastic plates. The space and time evolution of wave motion in heated plates and its dynamical stability are analyzed and discussed. We can see that the refined governing equations of thermoelastic plates are accurate, which would be used to solve the dynamics and control of thick plates with complete thermomechanical coupling, for instance, to investigate the coupling mechanism, coupled modes and dynamical response. And the modeling for the coupled dynamics of plates can be used in aerospace engineering for thermal protection system design.

Based on the elastodynamics, employing complex functions and conformal mapping methods, and local coordinates, the scattering of elastic waves and dynamic stress concentrations in infinite exponential graded materials with two holes are investigated. A general solution of the problem and expression satisfying the given boundary conditions are derived. The problem can be reduced to the solution of an infinite system of algebraic equations. As an example, numerical results of dynamic stress concentration factors for two elliptic holes in exponential graded materials are presented, and the influence of incident wave number and holes spacing on dynamic stress distributions is analyzed. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Based on the three-dimensional elastodynamics, without using the classical assumption, an operator method is established to refine the dynamic theory of an infinite homogenous isotropic plate by using the spectral decomposition of operators. By this method, the governing equations of the bending and stretching vibrations of plates with the lateral and tangential loads on the surface are derived from the Boussinesq–Galerkin solution of the three-dimensional elasticity, respectively. To effectively deduce the governing equations, a complex differential operator is introduced. Dispersion relations based on the refined equations and the three-dimensional elastodynamics are compared to verify the refined theory of plates. It is shown that the dispersion relation of the refined theory of plates agrees more with the result based on the three-dimensional elastodynamics than Mindlin’s theory. Therefore, the refined equations are accurate that can be used to solve the vibration of thick plates and determine high-order vibration modes of plates. The applicable conditions of the refined plate theory are analyzed and discussed.

We explore the expression of personality and adaptivity through the gestures of virtual agents in a storytelling task. We conduct two experiments using four different dialogic stories.We manipulate agent personality on the extraversion scale, whether the agents adapt to one another in their gestural performance and agent gender. Our results show that subjects are able to perceive the intended variation in extraversion between different virtual agents, independently of the story they are telling and the gender of the agent. A second study shows that subjects also prefer adaptive to nonadaptive virtual agents.

Based on the refined dynamic equation of stretching plates, the elastic tension–compression wave scattering and dynamic stress concentrations in the thick plate with two cutouts are studied. In view of the problem that the shear stress is automatically satisfied under the free boundary condition, the generalized stress of the first-order vanishing moment of shear stress is considered. The numerical results indicate that, as the cutout is thick, the maximum value of the dynamic stress factor obtained using the refined dynamic theory is 19% higher than that from the solution of plane stress problems of elastic dynamics.

Abstract Background High-precision radiation therapy techniques such as IMRT or sterotactic radiosurgery, delivers more complex treatment fields than conventional techniques. The increased complexity causes longer dose delivery times for each fraction. The purpose of this work is to explore the radiobiologic effect of prolonged fraction delivery time on tumor response and survival in vivo. Methods 1-cm-diameter Lewis lung cancer tumors growing in the legs of C57BL mice were used. To evaluate effect of dose delivery prolongation, 18 Gy was divided into different subfractions. 48 mice were randomized into 6 groups: the normal control group, the single fraction with 18 Gy group, the two subfractions with 30 min interval group, the seven subfractions with 5 min interval group, the two subfractions with 60 min interval group and the seven subfractions with 10 min interval group. The tumor growth tendency, the tumor growth delay and the mice survival time were analyzed. Results The tumor growth delay of groups with prolonged delivery time was shorter than the group with single fraction of 18 Gy (P < 0.05). The tumor grow delay of groups with prolonged delivery time 30 min was longer than that of groups with prolonged delivery time 60 min P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups with same delivery time (P > 0.05). Compared to the group with single fraction of 18 Gy, the groups with prolonged delivery time shorten the mice survival time while there was no significant difference between the groups with prolonged delivery time 30 min and the groups with prolonged delivery time 60 min. Conclusions The prolonged delivery time with same radiation dose shorten the tumor growth delay and survival time in the mice implanted with Lewis lung cancer. The anti-tumor effect decreased with elongation of the total interfractional time.

Effective therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an unmet need. DNA methylcytosine dioxygenase Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a critical oncoprotein in AML. Through a series of data analysis and drug screening, we identified two compounds (i.e., NSC-311068 and NSC-370284) that selectively suppress TET1 transcription and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and effectively inhibit cell viability in AML with high expression of TET1 (i.e., TET1-high AML), including AML carrying t(11q23)/MLL-rearrangements and t(8;21) AML. NSC-311068 and especially NSC-370284 significantly repressed TET1-high AML progression in vivo. UC-514321, a structural analog of NSC-370284, exhibited a more potent therapeutic effect and prolonged the median survival of TET1-high AML mice over three fold. NSC-370284 and UC-514321 both directly target STAT3/5, transcriptional activators of TET1, and thus repress TET1 expression. They also exhibit strong synergistic effects with standard chemotherapy. Our results highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the STAT/TET1 axis by selective inhibitors in AML treatment.