- Verma, Anil;
- Hawes, Chase E;
- Lakshmanappa, Yashavanth Shaan;
- Roh, Jamin W;
- Schmidt, Brian A;
- Dutra, Joseph;
- Louie, William;
- Liu, Hongwei;
- Ma, Zhong-Min;
- Watanabe, Jennifer K;
- Usachenko, Jodie L;
- Immareddy, Ramya;
- Sammak, Rebecca L;
- Pollard, Rachel;
- Reader, J Rachel;
- Olstad, Katherine J;
- Coffey, Lark L;
- Kozlowski, Pamela A;
- Hartigan-O'Connor, Dennis J;
- Nussenzweig, Michel;
- Van Rompay, Koen KA;
- Morrison, John H;
- Iyer, Smita S
Anti-viral monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments may provide immediate but short-term immunity from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in high-risk populations, such as people with diabetes and the elderly; however, data on their efficacy in these populations are limited. We demonstrate that prophylactic mAb treatment blocks viral replication in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts in aged, type 2 diabetic rhesus macaques. mAb infusion dramatically curtails severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-mediated stimulation of interferon-induced chemokines and T cell activation, significantly reducing development of interstitial pneumonia. Furthermore, mAb infusion significantly dampens the greater than 3-fold increase in SARS-CoV-2-induced effector CD4 T cell influx into the cerebrospinal fluid. Our data show that neutralizing mAbs administered preventatively to high-risk populations may mitigate the adverse inflammatory consequences of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.