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Impacts of Early Childhood Education on Medium- and Long-Term Educational Outcomes
- McCoy, Dana Charles;
- Yoshikawa, Hirokazu;
- Ziol-Guest, Kathleen M;
- Duncan, Greg J;
- Schindler, Holly S;
- Magnuson, Katherine;
- Yang, Rui;
- Koepp, Andrew;
- Shonkoff, Jack P
Published Web Location
https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x17737739Abstract
Despite calls to expand early childhood education (ECE) in the United States, questions remain regarding its medium- and long-term impacts on educational outcomes. We use meta-analysis of 22 high-quality experimental and quasi-experimental studies conducted between 1960 and 2016 to find that on average, participation in ECE leads to statistically significant reductions in special education placement (d = 0.33 SD, 8.1 percentage points) and grade retention (d = 0.26 SD, 8.3 percentage points) and increases in high school graduation rates (d = 0.24 SD, 11.4 percentage points). These results support ECE's utility for reducing education-related expenditures and promoting child well-being.
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