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Mass, quark-number, and sqrt sNN dependence of the second and fourth flow harmonics in
ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
- Abelev, B.I.;
- Adams, J.;
- Aggarwal, M.M.;
- Ahammed, Z.;
- Amonett, J.;
- Anderson, B.D.;
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- Dutta Mazumdar, M.R.;
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- Edwards, W.R.;
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- Emelianov, V.;
- Engelage, J.;
- Eppley, G.;
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- Estienne, M.;
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- Finch, E.;
- Fine, V.;
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- Fu, J.;
- Gagliardi, C.A.;
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- Gutierrez, T.D.;
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- Hallman, T.J.;
- Hamed, A.;
- Harris, J.W.;
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- Hepplemann, S.;
- Hippolyte, B.;
- Hirsch, A.;
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- Hoffman, A.M.;
- Hoffmann, G.W.;
- Horner, M.J.;
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- Kollegger, T.;
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- Laue, F.;
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- Lednicky, R.;
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- Lin, G.;
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- Liu, f.;
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- Liu, L.;
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- Ljubicic, T.;
- Llope, W.J.;
- Long, H.;
- Longarche, R.S.;
- Lopez-Noriega, M.;
- Love, W.A.;
- Lu, Y.;
- Ludlam, T.;
- Lynn, D.;
- Ma, G.L.;
- Ma, J.G.;
- Ma, Y.G.;
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- Mahapatra, D.P.;
- Majka, R.;
- Mangotra, L.K.;
- Manweiler, R.;
- Margetis, S.;
- Markert, C.;
- Martin, L.;
- Matis, H.S.;
- Matulenko, Yu.A.;
- McClain, C.J.;
- McShane, T.S.;
- Melnick, Yu.;
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- Millane, J.;
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- Minaev, N.G.;
- Mioduszewski, S.;
- Mironov, C.;
- Mischke, A.;
- Mishra, D.K.;
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- Molnar, L.;
- Moore, C.F.;
- Morozov, D.A.;
- Munhoz, M.G.;
- Nandi, B.K.;
- Nattrass, C.;
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- Nelson, J.M.;
- Netrakanti, P.K.;
- Nikitin, V.A.;
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- Odyniec, G.;
- Ogawa, A.;
- Okorokov, V.;
- Oldenburg, M.;
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- Pachr, M.;
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- Panitkin, S.Y.;
- Pavlinov, A.I.;
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- Prindle, D.;
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- Sharma, M.;
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- Shimanskiy, S.S.;
- Sichtermann, E.;
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- Stanislaus, T.D.S.;
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- Strikhanov, M.;
- Stringfellow, B.;
- Suaide, A.A.P.;
- Sugarbaker, E.;
- Sumbera, M.;
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- Surrow, B.;
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- Szanto de Toledo, A.;
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- Timmins, A.R.;
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- Tribble, R.E.;
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- Ullrich, T.;
- Underwood, D.G.;
- Van Buren, G.;
- van der Kolk, N.;
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- Vander Molen, A.M.;
- Varma, R.;
- Vasilevski, I.M.;
- Vasiliev, A.N.;
- Vernet, R.;
- Vigdor, S.E.;
- Viyogi, Y.P.;
- Vokal, S.;
- Voloshin, S.A.;
- Waggoner, W.T.;
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- Wang, G.;
- Wang, J.S.;
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- Whitten Jr., C.;
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- Yoo, I.-K.;
- Yurevich, V.I.;
- Zhan, W.;
- Zhang, H.;
- Zhang, W.M.;
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- Zhang, Z.P.;
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- Zoulkarneeva, Y.;
- Zubarev, A.N.;
- Zuo, J.X.
- et al.
Abstract
We present STAR measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy parameter v_2 for pions, kaons, protons, Lambda, bar Lambda, Xi+bar Xi, and \Omega + bar Omega, along with v_4 for pions, kaons, protons, and Lambda + bar Lambda at mid-rapidity for Au+Au collisions at sqrt sNN=62.4 and 200 GeV. The v_2(p_T) values for all hadron species at 62.4 GeV are similar to those observed in 130 and 200 GeV collisions. For observed kinematic ranges, v_2 values at 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are as little as 10 percent-15 percent larger than those in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt s NN =17.3 GeV. At intermediate transverse momentum (p_T from 1.5-5 GeV/c), the 62.4 GeV v_2(p_T) and v_4(p_T) values are consistent with the quark-number scaling first observed at 200 GeV. A four-particle cumulant analysis is used to assess the non-flow contributions to pions and protons and some indications are found for a smaller non-flow contribution to protons than pions. Baryon v_2 is larger than anti-baryon v_2 at 62.4 and 200 GeV perhaps indicating either that the initial spatial net-baryon distribution is anisotropic, that the mechanism leading to transport of baryon number from beam- to mid-rapidity enhances v_2, or that anti-baryon and baryon annihilation is larger in the in-plane direction.
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