From Intermittent to Continuous Water Supply A Household-level Evaluation of Water System Reforms in Hubli–Dharwad
- Author(s): Ray, I
- Billava, N
- Burt, Z
- Colford, JM
- Ercümen, A
- Jayaramu, KP
- Kumpel, E
- Nayak, N
- Nelson, K
- Woelfle-Erskine, C
- et al.
Abstract
© 2018 Economic and Political Weekly. All rights reserved. Employingamatchedcohortresearchdesign,eight wardswithintermittentwatersupply arecomparedto eightwardsupgradedtocontinuous(24x7)supplyina demonstrationprojectinHubli–Dharwad,Karnataka, withrespecttotapwaterquality,childhealth, waterstoragepractices,andcopingcostsacross socio-economicstrata.Waterconsumptionandwastein theintermittentzones,andthepotentialforscale-upof continuoussupplytotheentirecity,areestimated.Itwas foundthatthe24x7projectimprovedwaterquality,did notimproveoverallchildhealth,butdidreduceserious waterborneillnessesinthelowest-incomestrata, reducedthecostsofwaiting,increasedmonthlywater bills,andpotentiallyreducedwatersecurityforsomeof thepooresthouseholds.
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