UCSF

Background

Numerous methods have been reported for the determination of artemether (ARM) and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in plasma. However, stability issues in patient plasma have not received enough attention.

Results

An LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of ARM and DHA in human plasma (K3EDTA) turned out to be problematic: ARM and DHA were degraded partially or completely in some patient plasma samples as indicated by the stable isotope-labeled internal standards. We postulated iron II (Fe(2+)) in hemoglobin or its derived products from malaria patients causes degradation of the drugs, and found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) protected the drugs from degradation. Acidifying plasma increased recovery of ARM significantly. Using only 50 µl of plasma sample, the method has a LLOQ at 0.5 ng/ml for both ARM and DHA.

Conclusion

H2O2 is a stabilizing agent for artemisinin derivatives. The modified method is reliable and sensitive.