UC Santa Cruz

The physico-chemical properties of poly (1-pyrenemethyl methacrylate) (PPy) are presented with respect to its use as a binder in a Si composite anode for Li-ion batteries. PPy thin-films on Si(100) wafer and Cu model electrodes are shown to exhibit superior adhesion as compared to conventional polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF) binder. Electrochemical testing of the model bi-layer PPy/Si(100) electrodes in a standard organic carbonate electrolyte reveal higher electrolyte reduction current and an overall irreversible cathodic charge consumption during initial cycling versus the uncoated Si electrode. The PPy thin-film is also shown to impede lithiation of the underlying Si. XAS, AFM, TGA and ATR-FTIR analysis indicated that PPy binder is both chemically and electrochemically stable in the cycling potential range however significant swelling is observed due to a selective uptake of diethyl carbonate (DEC) from the electrolyte. The increased concentration of DEC and depletion of ethylene carbonate (EC) at the Si/PPy interface leads to continuous decomposition of the electrolyte and results in non-passivating behavior of the Si(100)/PPy electrode as compared to pristine silicon. Consequently, PPy binder improves the mechanical integrity of composite Si anodes but it influences mass transport at the Si(100)/PPy interface and alters electrochemical response of silicon during cycling in an adverse manner.