University Honors

Liquid argon (LAr) has wide applications in nuclear and particle physics, particularly in dark matter research, where it enables the detection of ionization and scintillation signals while minimizing radioactive background. Doping liquid argon with xenon can enhance ionization and increase photon yield, lowering the energy threshold and improving signal strength. This amplification of light output enhances detector sensitivity, increasing the likelihood of detecting weak interactions, such as those from potential dark matter candidates. However, the system presents challenges due to the narrow liquefaction temperature range and the potential for xenon to separate from argon or to form ice, which can introduce instabilities. This paper discusses a cryogenic system designed to increase liquid argon production while maintaining a stable liquefied state to address these challenges. This research involves developing a stable, functional cryogenic condenser to ensure a continuous supply of high-purity liquid argon, optimizing storage conditions, and refining the argon-xenon doping process. Through this research, I aim to advance the capabilities of liquid argon detectors for experiments such as DarkSide-LowMass and contribute to future applications in medical, engineering, and scientific research, including aerospace applications in satellites and rocketry. Preliminary testing has demonstrated successful nitrogen condensation and partial argon liquefaction. Ongoing work will address the challenges associated with stabilizing the system and continue investigating scalable xenon doping for applications in experiments such as DarkSide-LowMass. This research will contribute to the development of next-generation liquid argon detectors, broader cryogenic engineering, and particle physics research.